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China Arctic/Antarctic Science, Technology and Industry: News & Discussions

A rare glimpse inside China's Zhongshan Station in Antarctica
2016-12-09 13:16 | Ecns.cn | Editor:Yao Lan

Zhongshan Station is China's research station in Antarctica. The station has an area of 2,700 square meters and features 15 buildings. The station’s indoor temperature is kept at 26 degrees Celsius.


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The photo taken on December 8, 2016 shows a dining hall in China's Zhongshan Station in Antarctica.
(Photo/ Weibo account of CCTV)

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The photo taken on December 8, 2016 shows an activity room in China's Zhongshan Station in Antarctica.
(Photo/ Weibo account of CCTV)

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The photo taken on December 8, 2016 shows an activity room in China's Zhongshan Station in Antarctica.
(Photo/ Weibo account of CCTV)

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The photo taken on December 8, 2016 shows an activity room in China's Zhongshan Station in Antarctica.
(Photo/ Weibo account of CCTV)

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December 8, 2016 shows an activity room in China's Zhongshan Station in Antarctica.
(Photo/ Weibo account of CCTV)

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Scenery of ice and snow from a window in China's Zhongshan Station in Antarctica.
(Photo/ Weibo account of CCTV)

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A lady researcher at China's Zhongshan Station in Antarctica.
(Photo/ Weibo account of CCTV)

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Bird's eye view of China's Zhongshan Station in Antarctica.
(Photo/ Weibo account of CCTV)


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With such gorgeous facilities at this Antarctica station, I can "survive" for at least 6 months.
The internal temperature is maintained at 26 degrees Celsius, just like a nice hotel.
.

Would love to join one of those expeditions. Heck, before that, I should achieve joining in an expedition to Taiping Island.
 
China to independently develop icebreaker
By Yin Xiaohong (People's Daily Online) 16:05, December 14, 2016

Construction of a new icebreaker will be initiated from the end of this year, to be completed in the next two years, Wang Hong, director general of the State Oceanic Administration, said at a national conference on Dec. 13. Upon completion, it will be China’s first independently designed icebreaker for polar scientific expeditions.

The new vessel will have a displacement of 13,000 tons, and the capability to work in frigid, icy waters. The bow and the stern will be able to break even ice thicker than 1.5 meters. It will feature advanced equipment and a GPS system, and will be able to cruise for 60 days without stopping.

Together with Snow Dragon, a commissioned research vessel, the new machine will contribute to polar exploration and research in China. The Polar Research Institute of China has signed a contract with Jiangnan Shipyard Group; the vessel will be delivered in 28 months.

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China to independently develop icebreaker
By Yin Xiaohong (People's Daily Online) 16:05, December 14, 2016

Construction of a new icebreaker will be initiated from the end of this year, to be completed in the next two years, Wang Hong, director general of the State Oceanic Administration, said at a national conference on Dec. 13. Upon completion, it will be China’s first independently designed icebreaker for polar scientific expeditions.

The new vessel will have a displacement of 13,000 tons, and the capability to work in frigid, icy waters. The bow and the stern will be able to break even ice thicker than 1.5 meters. It will feature advanced equipment and a GPS system, and will be able to cruise for 60 days without stopping.

Together with Snow Dragon, a commissioned research vessel, the new machine will contribute to polar exploration and research in China. The Polar Research Institute of China has signed a contract with Jiangnan Shipyard Group; the vessel will be delivered in 28 months.

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I am confused. If this is the second one to be constructed, what about the one I have read so far that has been under construction for more than two years?

Or, is this the first indigenous and overall third one?
 
I am confused. If this is the second one to be constructed, what about the one I have read so far that has been under construction for more than two years?

Or, is this the first indigenous and overall third one?
I am not aware there is one already under construction. I think the project has been running for many years and has delay and had never enter construction stage.

China has no experience in making arctic icebreaker. Hopefully this time it would go smoothly and China can build on the experience.
 
I am not aware there is one already under construction. I think the project has been running for many years and has delay and had never enter construction stage.

China has no experience in making arctic icebreaker. Hopefully this time it would go smoothly and China can build on the experience.

Thank you. Now it is clear. There was no second one under construction. This is the one that has been planned for almost three years.

It took really long.

China should also aim for a nuclear icebreaker, just like Russia has.

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New icebreaker planned by 2016: officials
By WANG QIAN (China Daily) Updated: 2014-01-06



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Chinese scientists onboard the Xuelong takes samples of the Antarctic atmosphere on Sunday. Zhang Jiansong / Xinhua


China expects to build its new icebreaker before 2016, government officials said, as the veteran Xuelong, or Snow Dragon, remains stuck in Antarctic ice after rescuing 52 passengers from a Russian vessel.

"The new ship will surpass China's only icebreaker, the Xuelong, in scientific research and ice-breaking ability, greatly improving the country's polar research capability," Qu Tanzhou, director of the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration under the State Oceanic Administration, said on Sunday.

The new icebreaker will be designed mainly for field research, instead of transporting supplies, and it will have a better power system plus larger decks and laboratories, making it a "mobile research station", Qu said.

It will be shorter and have blades at the bow and a stern that will be able to break ice up to 1.5 meters thick, about 0.4 meters more than the Xuelong can handle.

The design contract, which cost more than $613 million, was signed with Aker Arctic Technology of Finland in 2012, and it will be built by a Chinese shipyard, the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration said.

According to the preliminary design, the vessel will be 100 to 120 meters long and about 24 meters wide, and it will displace 8,000 metric tons.

The ship, which will have a crew of 90, will have a cruising radius of 37,000 km, and it will be fitted with twin propeller drives.

One icebreaker cannot meet China's increasing demand for polar expeditions, scientists and experts said.

Liu Xiaohan, a polar studies expert researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said a country's polar research capabilities depend on how advanced its icebreaker is.

Russia has dozens of icebreakers, six of them nuclear-powered ones; the United States has seven icebreakers, including one under construction; and Canada has six.
 
Finance sought for radio telescope in Antarctica
By Cheng Yingqi | China Daily | Updated: 2016-12-14 07:31

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Diagram of a radio telescope that astronomers proposed to be built in Antarctica.

Astronomers hope to observe electromagnetic waves from the location known as Dome A

Chinese astronomers are applying for government funding to begin construction of a radio telescope in Antarctica that could help solve the mysteries behind stars and galaxies.

The proposed facility, to be built on a giant ice cap known as Dome A, has been designed to observe terahertz, a band of electromagnetic waves normally too weak for ground-based stations to receive.

"The high altitude and low temperatures at Dome A make it possible for astronomical observation of terahertz," said Shi Shengcai, a researcher at Purple Mountain Observatory, a facility in Nanjing affiliated with the Chinese Academy of Sciences. "The thick atmospheric layers in most other places absorb too much of the signal."

Temperatures at Dome A can fall as low as -80 C. The extreme environment is perfect for scientific experiments, but few were able to make use of it before the Polar Research Institute of China and its international partners set up the Plateau Observatory, or Plato, in 2008.

Shi's academy and the State Oceanic Administration now are applying for funding from the National Development and Reform Commission to build a 5-meter terahertz telescope at Dome A. If approved, construction will start soon and last up to five years.

The cost of the project has not been released. However, once complete, the facility is expected to be the only one of its kind on Earth.

The project has been boosted by analysis of multiple terahertz frequencies observed by equipment placed at Dome A over 19 months in 2010 and 2011. A paper on the observation data was published on Tuesday by the science journal Nature Astronomy.

"The initial success is encouraging," Shi said, adding that preliminary research for the terahertz telescope has been completed.

Electromagnetic radiation travels through space in the form of light waves and is distinguished by wavelength. In order of decreasing wavelength, there are radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma rays.

The wavelength of terahertz, which lies between microwaves and infrared, is important in observing the features of the dominant forms of carbon and thus could answer astronomical mysteries related to the formation and evolution of stars and galaxies.

"Terahertz have been a fruitful energy band for astronomical observation, although in the past, scientists had to observe the band using space or airborne telescopes," said Zhang Qizhou of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in the United States.

The European Space Agency's Herschel, the first space observatory to spot a broadband optical spectrum that included terahertz, was retired in 2013 after providing exciting results in many areas of astronomy.

NASA's Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, a modified Boeing 747SP aircraft carrying a 2.5-meter telescope, can be used for observation for only about 10 hours during each flight.

In 2008, international partners including China, the US and Australia set up a radiometer in preparation for a High Elevation Antarctic Terahertz Telescope. However, that project was later suspended.

"Astronomers thought it (observing terahertz) couldn't be done on Earth," Zhang said. "In fact, a ground-based observatory has obvious advantages, as it can hold a larger telescope and is much more flexible because astronomers can go there - it's difficult, but it's reachable - to maintain and upgrade the telescope."

Hu Zhongwen from the National Astronomical Observatories, also affiliated with the CAS, said Chinese scientists have accumulated experience in deploying and operating sophisticated equipment in the extreme conditions at Dome A.

"The harsh weather poses severe challenges to equipment there, and it wasn't possible to send people to check and fix it repeatedly, so we developed some measures to ensure the equipment is better suited to the environment," Hu said.

"It would be risky to build large scientific facilities in the polar environment without any experience. Experiments with the spectrometer have gotten us prepared for a larger project."
 
I saw on our local Aussie TV news that Australia is in the competition to locate million year old ice in competition with China and Europe. China is drilling in Dome A (Dome Argus) and Oz is drilling in Dome C (Dome Charlie).

The different teams collaborate on other projects but have a healthy competition to locate the million year old ice. This is good for humanity, it will help to spur the different teams. For more info, see this link:-

Australia on track to find the world's oldest Antarctic ice

PS. Damn, our oz station looks like shed compared to the Chinese station which look more like a hotel. When you have the money, everything is nicer.
 
China's overseas remote sensing satellite station starts operation
By Cheng Yingqi | China Daily | Updated: 2016-12-16 07:45

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The China Remote Sensing Satellite North Polar Ground Station is seen in Kiruna, Sweden. (Provided To China Daily)

China's first satellite station overseas was put into trial operation on Thursday.

The China Remote Sensing Satellite North Polar Ground Station is above the Arctic circle, half an hour's drive from Kiruna, a major mining town in Sweden.

An inauguration was held in the Esrange Space Center, where the station is located, on Thursday.

Chen Yuming, Chinese ambassador to Sweden, sent a letter of congratulations stating that the ground station has laid a solid foundation for long-term relations between China and Sweden in science, technology and economic cooperation.

"Since China and Sweden established diplomatic ties 66 years ago, the two sides have achieved fruitful outcomes in bilateral cooperation. I am sure that expanding cooperation in space projects will play a positive role in bilateral relations and social economic development of the two countries, making contributions to the peaceful use of outer space and benefiting all humanity," Chen said in the letter.

"Kiruna is an ideal place for remote sensing satellite data reception. With this ideal location, and with this high-performance antenna, Chinese Earth observation satellites will acquire global data more efficiently, and hence respond to user application requirements, such as disaster monitoring, better and quicker," said Liu Jianbo, deputy director of the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth affiliated to the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

China has ground stations in Miyun in Beijing; Sanya in Hainan province; Kashgar in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region; and Kunming in Yunnan province. The four ground stations receive satellite signals covering 70 percent of the Asian continent.

Domestic stations can receive a signal from each satellite five times a day when it passes overhead, while the new station can receive signals up to 12 times a day.

In addition, the new station can acquire satellite data in any part of the world within two hours.

"It is capable of receiving all-weather, all-time and multi-resolution satellite data, and it is an important complement to the four domestic stations," Liu said.

The Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth has been in charge of building and operating the five ground stations. Construction started in the 1980s, and the ground station network now receives and processes data sent from more than 30 satellites.


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The China Remote Sensing Satellite North Polar Ground Station is seen in Kiruna, Sweden. China has a total of four domestic ground stations located inMiyun in Beijing; Sanya in Hainan province; Kashgar in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region; and Kunming in Yunnan province.Provided To China Daily
 
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China's overseas remote sensing satellite station starts operation
By Cheng Yingqi | China Daily | Updated: 2016-12-16 07:45

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The China Remote Sensing Satellite North Polar Ground Station is seen in Kiruna, Sweden. (Provided To China Daily)

China's first satellite station overseas was put into trial operation on Thursday.

The China Remote Sensing Satellite North Polar Ground Station is above the Arctic circle, half an hour's drive from Kiruna, a major mining town in Sweden.

An inauguration was held in the Esrange Space Center, where the station is located, on Thursday.

Chen Yuming, Chinese ambassador to Sweden, sent a letter of congratulations stating that the ground station has laid a solid foundation for long-term relations between China and Sweden in science, technology and economic cooperation.

"Since China and Sweden established diplomatic ties 66 years ago, the two sides have achieved fruitful outcomes in bilateral cooperation. I am sure that expanding cooperation in space projects will play a positive role in bilateral relations and social economic development of the two countries, making contributions to the peaceful use of outer space and benefiting all humanity," Chen said in the letter.

"Kiruna is an ideal place for remote sensing satellite data reception. With this ideal location, and with this high-performance antenna, Chinese Earth observation satellites will acquire global data more efficiently, and hence respond to user application requirements, such as disaster monitoring, better and quicker," said Liu Jianbo, deputy director of the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth affiliated to the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

China has ground stations in Miyun in Beijing; Sanya in Hainan province; Kashgar in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region; and Kunming in Yunnan province. The four ground stations receive satellite signals covering 70 percent of the Asian continent.

Domestic stations can receive a signal from each satellite five times a day when it passes overhead, while the new station can receive signals up to 12 times a day.

In addition, the new station can acquire satellite data in any part of the world within two hours.

"It is capable of receiving all-weather, all-time and multi-resolution satellite data, and it is an important complement to the four domestic stations," Liu said.

The Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth has been in charge of building and operating the five ground stations. Construction started in the 1980s, and the ground station network now receives and processes data sent from more than 30 satellites.


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The China Remote Sensing Satellite North Polar Ground Station is seen in Kiruna, Sweden. China has a total of four domestic ground stations located inMiyun in Beijing; Sanya in Hainan province; Kashgar in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region; and Kunming in Yunnan province.Provided To China Daily


China's 1st ground satellite receiving station overseas starts trials
(Xinhua) 19:17, December 16, 2016



Photo taken on Nov. 23, 2016 shows the China Remote Sensing Satellite North Pole Ground Station under the aurora in Kiruna, Sweden. The China Remote Sensing Satellite North Pole Ground Station has begun trial operations in Kiruna in Sweden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) said Thursday. The station is China's first ground satellite receiving station overseas. (Xinhua)




Technicians adjust the antenna for the China Remote Sensing Satellite North Pole Ground Station in Kiruna, Sweden, Oct. 26, 2016. The China Remote Sensing Satellite North Pole Ground Station has begun trial operations in Kiruna in Sweden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) said Thursday. The station is China's first ground satellite receiving station overseas. (Xinhua)



Technicians maintains the equipment for the China Remote Sensing Satellite North Pole Ground Station in Kiruna, Sweden, Nov. 25, 2016. The China Remote Sensing Satellite North Pole Ground Station has begun trial operations in Kiruna in Sweden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) said Thursday. The station is China's first ground satellite receiving station overseas. (Xinhua)

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Photo taken on Nov. 25, 2016 shows the China Remote Sensing Satellite North Pole Ground Station under the sunglow in Kiruna, Sweden. The China Remote Sensing Satellite North Pole Ground Station has begun trial operations in Kiruna in Sweden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) said Thursday. The station is China's first ground satellite receiving station overseas. (Xinhua)
 
China starts construction of 1st self-built polar research icebreaker
2016-12-21 15:29 | Xinhua | Editor:Li Yan

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Photo shows a rendering of China's first domestic-built polar research vessel and icebreaker. Construction of China's first domestic-built polar research vessel and icebreaker began Tuesday in Shanghai, giving a boost to the nation's polar expedition efforts, according to the Polar Research Institute of China. The new vessel will be 122.5 meters long and 22.3 meters wide, with a displacement of 13,990 tonnes and a navigation capability of 20,000 nautical miles. It is being built by Jiangnan Shipyard (Group). (Photo/Xinhua)


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Photo shows a rendering of China's first domestic-built polar research vessel and icebreaker. Construction of China's first domestic-built polar research vessel and icebreaker began Tuesday in Shanghai, giving a boost to the nation's polar expedition efforts, according to the Polar Research Institute of China. The new vessel will be 122.5 meters long and 22.3 meters wide, with a displacement of 13,990 tonnes and a navigation capability of 20,000 nautical miles. It is being built by Jiangnan Shipyard (Group). (Photo/Xinhua)


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The first piece of steel of China's first domestic-built polar research vessel and icebreaker is being cut in Shanghai, east China, Dec. 20, 2016. Construction of China's first domestic-built polar research vessel and icebreaker began Tuesday in Shanghai, giving a boost to the nation's polar expedition efforts, according to the Polar Research Institute of China. The new vessel will be 122.5 meters long and 22.3 meters wide, with a displacement of 13,990 tonnes and a navigation capability of 20,000 nautical miles. It is being built by Jiangnan Shipyard (Group). (Photo/Xinhua)


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Photo shows a rendering of China's first domestic-built polar research vessel and icebreaker. Construction of China's first domestic-built polar research vessel and icebreaker began Tuesday in Shanghai, giving a boost to the nation's polar expedition efforts, according to the Polar Research Institute of China. The new vessel will be 122.5 meters long and 22.3 meters wide, with a displacement of 13,990 tonnes and a navigation capability of 20,000 nautical miles. It is being built by Jiangnan Shipyard (Group). (Photo/Xinhua)


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@TaiShang @JSCh

Exciting news! The construction of China's first icebreaker started on Dec. 20, 2016.
I look forward to its commissioning.

.
 
China builds first domestically-made polar icebreaker
New China TV
Published on Dec 20, 2016

Smaller but stronger. China starts to build its first domestically-made polar icebreaker, which, upon completion, will team up with the current Xuelong on polar research expeditions.
 
China starts construction of 1st self-built polar research icebreaker
2016-12-21 15:29 | Xinhua | Editor:Li Yan

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Photo shows a rendering of China's first domestic-built polar research vessel and icebreaker. Construction of China's first domestic-built polar research vessel and icebreaker began Tuesday in Shanghai, giving a boost to the nation's polar expedition efforts, according to the Polar Research Institute of China. The new vessel will be 122.5 meters long and 22.3 meters wide, with a displacement of 13,990 tonnes and a navigation capability of 20,000 nautical miles. It is being built by Jiangnan Shipyard (Group). (Photo/Xinhua)


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Photo shows a rendering of China's first domestic-built polar research vessel and icebreaker. Construction of China's first domestic-built polar research vessel and icebreaker began Tuesday in Shanghai, giving a boost to the nation's polar expedition efforts, according to the Polar Research Institute of China. The new vessel will be 122.5 meters long and 22.3 meters wide, with a displacement of 13,990 tonnes and a navigation capability of 20,000 nautical miles. It is being built by Jiangnan Shipyard (Group). (Photo/Xinhua)


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The first piece of steel of China's first domestic-built polar research vessel and icebreaker is being cut in Shanghai, east China, Dec. 20, 2016. Construction of China's first domestic-built polar research vessel and icebreaker began Tuesday in Shanghai, giving a boost to the nation's polar expedition efforts, according to the Polar Research Institute of China. The new vessel will be 122.5 meters long and 22.3 meters wide, with a displacement of 13,990 tonnes and a navigation capability of 20,000 nautical miles. It is being built by Jiangnan Shipyard (Group). (Photo/Xinhua)


View attachment 362677
Photo shows a rendering of China's first domestic-built polar research vessel and icebreaker. Construction of China's first domestic-built polar research vessel and icebreaker began Tuesday in Shanghai, giving a boost to the nation's polar expedition efforts, according to the Polar Research Institute of China. The new vessel will be 122.5 meters long and 22.3 meters wide, with a displacement of 13,990 tonnes and a navigation capability of 20,000 nautical miles. It is being built by Jiangnan Shipyard (Group). (Photo/Xinhua)


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@TaiShang @JSCh

Exciting news! The construction of China's first icebreaker started on Dec. 20, 2016.
I look forward to its commissioning.

.

Excellent. I believe it will be commissioned no later than 2018. So after that China may have simultaneous polar expeditions. Xuelong would probably be assigned to Antarctic (easier to navigate) while this new vessel would be assigned to the Arctic.
 
Chinese college team reaches peak of South Pole
CRI, December 26, 2016

The mountaineering team of China university of Geosciences successfully reached the peak of the South Pole on foot on Sunday morning (Beijing Time), reports the thepaper.cn.

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The mountaineering team of China university of Geosciences successfully reached the peak of the South Pole on foot on Sunday morning.

All team members are said to be in good condition and they also extended their new year's wishes to all the Chinese people.

Their achievement makes their university the first in the world to independently complete the extreme challenge of "Seven plus Two," climbing the highest mountains on seven continents and hiking to the South and North Pole.

It took them only four years to finish all of these extreme challenges, also a new world record for completing the challenge in the shortest time.
 
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