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'Antibiotic resistance: World on cusp of 'post-antibiotic era'

imiakhtar

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Until now, polymyxin resistance has involved chromosomal mutations but has never been reported via horizontal gene transfer. During a routine surveillance project on antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli from food animals in China, a major increase of colistin resistance was observed. When an E coli strain, SHP45, possessing colistin resistance that could be transferred to another strain, was isolated from a pig, we conducted further analysis of possible plasmid-mediated polymyxin resistance. Herein, we report the emergence of the first plasmid-mediated polymyxin resistance mechanism, MCR-1, in Enterobacteriaceae.

http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(15)00424-7/abstract

Thank you China.
 
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Until now, polymyxin resistance has involved chromosomal mutations but has never been reported via horizontal gene transfer. During a routine surveillance project on antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli from food animals in China, a major increase of colistin resistance was observed. When an E coli strain, SHP45, possessing colistin resistance that could be transferred to another strain, was isolated from a pig, we conducted further analysis of possible plasmid-mediated polymyxin resistance. Herein, we report the emergence of the first plasmid-mediated polymyxin resistance mechanism, MCR-1, in Enterobacteriaceae.

http://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(15)00424-7/abstract

Thank you China.

Sad thing is we would get 50 replies on a bomb or shoot out that kills 20 people.

Anti biotic resistance killed 10 million last year and the best weapons we have are being used on pigs and chickens so farmers can make a few extra bucks. The should be made to do charity work in pediatric wards and see some of the dying kids their misuse of medicines cause.

Btw its factory farming every where, its not just a problem in China the US is as bad.
 
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Anti biotic resistance killed 10 million last year and the best weapons we have are being used on pigs and chickens so farmers can make a few extra bucks. The should be made to do charity work in pediatric wards and see some of the dying kids their misuse of medicines cause.

Indeed. A seriously understated problem.

Btw its factory farming every where, its not just a problem in China the US is as bad.

Whilst there is far too much antibiotic use in Western agriculture and healthcare settings, as in this instance, it pales in comparison to China which is why so much of the drug resistance is evolving there.
 
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We need a world conference on antibiotic resistance too!

Mass use of antibiotics in agriculture, dumping antibiotics into sewage systems, not finishing prescribed doses, misusing antibiotics and bad hygiene are a huge threat to one of the greatest achievements in human history.
 
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Sad and ironic really, the very medicine that has saved more lives than any other medical discovery, its rampant use will probably make it ineffective in the future
 
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Sad thing is we would get 50 replies on a bomb or shoot out that kills 20 people.

Anti biotic resistance killed 10 million last year and the best weapons we have are being used on pigs and chickens so farmers can make a few extra bucks. The should be made to do charity work in pediatric wards and see some of the dying kids their misuse of medicines cause.

Btw its factory farming every where, its not just a problem in China the US is as bad.

When you are top of the food chain how will it affect your resistance when you consume these animals. Any studies done on control groups???
 
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When you are top of the food chain how will it affect your resistance when you consume these animals. Any studies done on control groups???

That's the problem. People are ignorant of this very serious matter. Now don't take this as a personal attack, but your reply above sums the ignorance up.

It's not people who are becoming drug resistant, it's the bacteria!
 
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That's the problem. People are ignorant of this very serious matter. Now don't take this as a personal attack, but your reply above sums the ignorance up.

It's not people who are becoming drug resistant, it's the bacteria!

Don't worry, I did not take it as personal attack. I just want to KNOW.

When you are on public forum why use medical jargon. You guys should use lay man jargon, so everyone can participate. Did you read the OP. I only understood two words i.e. farm animals and resistance.

So, what you are saying is that bacteria is getting stronger because of the misuse of the drug dosage. And this bacteria when it attacks humans causes havoc, Is that the gist of it.
 
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The bacteria mentioned above , E coli causes peptic ulcer so its a serious bug , nd if it is getting so much resistant then its a major problem and can cause an epidemic , bacteria get resistant to a drug mainly because of the fault of the people when they dont take the antibiotics for a proper time period nd when 2 or 3rd lines of drugs are used as first line agents by dispensers and paramedics ,
 
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So, what you are saying is that bacteria is getting stronger because of the misuse of the drug dosage. And this bacteria when it attacks humans causes havoc, Is that the jest of it.

Apologies.

The reason I linked to a science journal is because I know a lot of members here are in the medical field and I was hoping for their opinions and input.

I see that you have got the gist of the article.

It's not just resistant E.coli but other gram negative bugs like Pseudomonas (think pneumonia), Salmonella, Serratia etc that will cause problems in clinical settings too.
 
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Apologies.

The reason I linked to a science journal is because I know a lot of members here are in the medical field and I was hoping for their opinions and input.

I see that you have got the gist of the article.

It's not just resistant E.coli but other gram negative bugs like Pseudomonas (think pneumonia), Salmonella, Serratia etc that will cause problems in clinical settings too.
You are right bro , P.aeruginosa can cause huge amount of CAP cases specialy in persons with COPD , salmonella can even cause gastroenteritis ,and when new strains are introduced to a popluation these can cause eipdemics and when these new stains are resistant to several antibiotic things will get really tough , antibiotics are emerging too , but the issue is newer generations are expensive like clathromycin and azothyromycin , so in an epidemic its very difficult to use huge amounts of these antibiotics ,
 
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So, what you are saying is that bacteria is getting stronger because of the misuse of the drug dosage. And this bacteria when it attacks humans causes havoc, Is that the gist of it.

Yes.
Antibiotics kill/prevent growth of bacteria, which are tiny single celled organisms which live in colonies with millions of them. Their numbers can grow very rapidly if the colony has good conditions (Like in our bodies).
Some of them can cause diseases if we get infected with them so we take antibiotics to kill them off and prevent further growth if our own immune system cannot handle them.

Problem is that not all bacteria in a colony are genetically exactly the same, just as not all humans of a certain population are genetically the same.
For example, a patient got infected with some sort of bacteria and had to take antibiotics to kill them in his body.
But some of those millions of bacteria might be a little bit more resilient against the antibiotic because of different genes and dont die as fast as most of the other bacteria.
So after most of the bacteria have been killed, the patient feels better and stops taking the antibiotics (Which is exactly what you should not do), but those which are a little bit stronger due to their genes are still in the body.
So those surviving bacteria (with the better genes) get the chance to replicate and pass on their genes onto the next generation. And then this new generation passes their genes (Including those which make them more resilient) onto the next generation and so on.
And over a certain amount of time, they get completely resistant against antibiotics.

Its simply what Darwin described in his theory of evolution... just much much much faster (Unfortunately).
 
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scaletowidth
 
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So those surviving bacteria (with the better genes) get the chance to replicate and pass on their genes onto the next generation. And then this new generation passes their genes (Including those which make them more resilient) onto the next generation and so on.
And over a certain amount of time, they get completely resistant against antibiotics.

Its simply what Darwin described in his theory of evolution... just much much much faster (Unfortunately).

I understood that some bacteria will exhibit more resistance than other due to their gene mutation. Now what OP is suggesting is that these bacteria not only replicate vertically but horizontally. They transfer their genes with antimicrobial resistance to their neighbors through a "plasmid-mediated " mechanism.
 
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Nature's response to man's rampant excesses.Human technology found a way to go into overpopulation mode with drugs and technological innovations,this is nature again restoring balance.Earlier wars,infant mortality,famines,epidemics kept the numbers in check.
It is sad and somewhat alarming for us though.
 
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