The Jews were given the same rights before the ottomans. The second Khalifah Umar (ra) allowed the Jews to come back and visit and worship at their holy places in Jerusalem, which the Byzantines previously restricted them to do. Many of them were given high authority jobs. For example, the vizier of Baghdad entrusted his capital to Jewish bankers and Siraf, the principal port of the caliphate in the 10th century, had a Jewish governor. Leon Poliakov writes that in the early ages of Islam, Jews enjoyed great privileges, and their communities prospered. No laws or social barriers restricted their commercial activities, and exclusive trade and craft guilds like those in Europe did not exist. Jews who moved to Muslim lands were found themselves free to engage in any profession, resulting in less stigma than in Europe where such restrictions were still in force. Throughout history it was the Muslims that kept on giving refuge to Jews while in Europe they weren't even treated as human beings.