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Updated at: 9:19 AM, 06/04/2012
During the war in Yugoslavia is not prevention, Tamara (the previous generation of VERA) has contributed to detect and shoot down U.S. F-117 makes surprise.
(DVO) According to sources from the Ministry of Defence Czech Republic (Czech), in the recent visit to Vietnam by Defense Minister Vondra, the two sides discussed the provision of a passive monitoring system advanced VERA-E. To provide sufficient information to readers, Vietnamese Land has an article about passive surveillance system VERA-E which Vietnam can buy this.
VERA passive radar system (the Czech Republic known as Vera), or more accurately called passive monitoring system (PSS) VERA ERA Technical Company of the Czech Republic made. system allows measuring the difference time difference (TDOA) of the electromagnetic pulse emitted by the target to four stations on the ground sensors to detect and track objects emitting in the air, at sea and on land. Thereby calculations, determine the coordinates of the target distance, azimuth, elevation to link with the fire control system of missiles proceed to destroy targets, including all types of machines advanced stealth aircraft such as B-2, F-117 and even F-22, F-35, let alone to J-20. VERA works as a source of collecting independent information on every move activities, the movement of all airborne targets, sea and land to make the task of monitoring and support for the radar system of the Center for Monitoring the Czech Republic airspace.
The introduction of it has contributed to improved performance, support the operation of the passive monitoring system previously as Tamara and TACAN system that is using the Czech Republic. The tests proved that the system VERA (local version) is capable of operating with a range from 400-500 km. System software now has the ability to automatically and simultaneously track up to 300 aircraft / different targets in real time . He said Czech VERA can detect stealth aircraft of the U.S. B-2 from very far distance, about 250 km. History VERA system today is derived from passive monitoring system PRP- 1 Kopac, PSS was developed first for the Soviet Army in 1963, can monitor six different targets. Following then-81 system KRTP Ramona (NATO Soft Ball) was developed in 1979, can detect and track 20 targets simultaneously. In 1987, the system has been developed into KRTP-86 Tamara (NATO identifier is Trash Can), can detect radar 23 targets and 48 items standard IFF (identify your enemy). Once there, the Czech Republic are in the socialist bloc in Eastern Europe to the passive monitoring system on are widely exported in the block. After political events of 1989, the technical Professor and leader of the Tesla officials have established a new company Era in Pardubice, specializes in producing the sensing line of the next generation VERA system. PSS VERA is the latest development in the developing history ESM TDOA system of the Czech Republic, and is the successor of the reconnaissance system Tamara passive sophisticated. In 1995, passive surveillance system VERA has been successfully tested in all weather conditions and transportation continuously by a team of experts from the Center for Passive Systems and the Air Force from the High Command of the Army Non Czech Republic. VERA system prototype was the first deployment of the Czech Republic placed and arranged in an area with a height of 1,000 m to develop the ability to monitor all movement is happening in the sky and on the ground of the country. October / 2006, Rannoch Corporation declared announced the acquisition of ERA, 2/2007 officially changed its name to ERA Corporation, 7/2008 ERA was acquired by SRA International. And most recently, 11/2011, ERA Pardubice was acquired by import and export company trading Omnipol arms of the Czech Republic.
Principle of operation, specification - Tactical PSS VERA-E
variant is export VERA VERA-E PSS, all the system components are located in a vehicle to facilitate the process of cell transfer, and implementation hiding. deployed system typically consists of 3 stations ESM receiver arranged equilateral triangle (ideal case), each station covers an area 120 degrees wide fan (3 stations is 360 degrees) and a central receiver station was placed in between (including signal processing equipment and implement ESM receiver acts as a secondary radio receiver, as well as synthetic signal station by three secondary stations TV on).
Simulation and how to deploy combat capability of VERA-E system.
First-generation sensor system VERA can only detect and monitor the electrical impulses emitted from the target based on measurements of the delay getting around. Radio receiver operating at very wide frequency range, from 1-18 GHz, and often make use of the transceiver system of secondary surveillance radar (SSR) as, aerial radar, weather radar, navigation system transceiver War aviation (TACAN), navigation system with distance measuring equipment (DME), a digital communication signal and the noise pulses emitted by the target to calculate the target coordinates. collection of secondary stations received signal will be emitted by the target and transfer line center under a point microwave - point (point - to - point). Processing Center will calculate the latency of the pulses transmitted from three stations to calculate the TDOA (time gap to) of the pulses in each radio receiver. TDOA of a pulse from a radio receiver and radio side collection center will determine the target location based on taking delivery of the hipeboloit. The second receiving station will provide TDOA of it and create a hipeboloit Monday. assign two hipeboloit will identify targets in a straight line, providing a 2D coordinates on the target (distance and azimuth) . Meanwhile, delivery of the station Tuesday hipeboloit will create height coordinates of the target, providing a complete location coordinates in 3D. Central computer will aggregate all traffic signals on the Assembly, by the method of locating "the future of the differential signal" on the triangle, will very quickly identify the target coordinates.
At the same time as soon as the target coordinates are determined, information about the target will be transmitted on the fire station's radar missile, thereby also shot the original parameters, the bullet was launched, closely related to destroy aircraft and the appropriate distance.
Simulation of target coordinates in 3D space.
Multifunction radar
According to sources, radio reconnaissance VERA-E passive can combine signals connected with the division of fire SAM missiles Vietnam today as S-125, S-300 .. . attack to destroy targets with missiles. This is a pretty important feature of the system to link into a network of integrated air defense, attack against the enemy's air. PSS VERA more accurate operation at microwave range, the inherent time measurements of the system depends largely on the central station. In fact, the distance between the stations as far apart in the higher accuracy, but people often deploy from 3-4 stations, space stations to the central station from 15-40 km (maximum of 50 km) to ensure both accuracy requirements and target detection distances. other important feature of PSS VERA is the principle of operation of the system can detect signals radiation and determine the location of other active radar stations of the enemy without being detected. The ground targets like tanks, reconnaissance vehicles, radar, targets such as ships at sea, on board radar ... can detect and calculate the exact coordinates, to support the coastal defense units, artillery ...
At the processing center, crew operating the system simply consists of two people (one soldier plus 1 officer) with the electronic signal processing in the car a very modern center.
According to experts, PSS VERA is an efficient system, complement and support the active radar system exists to monitor the airspace of any country. Technical parameters of the PSS VERA -E. + information output of the computer central processing speed of the target location updates can be adjusted from 1-5 seconds. + receiver sensitivity of the secondary station is very high (-100 dBm ) + An antenna receiver of secondary stations in size, length 1.3 m, 0.9 m wide, weighs 120 kg. 24 V power source DC/250 W. + Antenna signal transmission point - the 600 mm diameter (400 mm), weighs 24 kg, very narrow beam signal 1.26 level, capacity utilization 24V low DC/20 W. + basic operating frequency range from 1-18 GHz, can choose two different operating frequency range is 0.1 to 1 GHz and 18-40 GHz. + The ability to detect and simultaneously track 200 different targets. Includes all targets as radar, TACAN transceiver systems, radio interference, the transmission of radio waves in the frequency range. + level of automation is very high. +) maintenance requirements are not too picky .
Signal Processing Center of the whole system is placed on mobility scooter.
VERA-E passive radar not only broadcast receivers based on the principle, in a heterogeneous environment of space, any "disturbance" of the flying object also generates electromagnetic waves, depending under more or less level. engraved crystal of stealth aircraft stealth aircraft (Stealth) have many 'hidden', have created very little expression there. But along the bay, Stealth Fighters must also have open communication equipment and determine the height, to open the weapons bay ... Having met Stealth rain, invisibility effect is reduced ... this time, the receiver, the radar sensor receptor action can be collected continuously every sign that to calculate the exact coordinates of the target, air defense support Stealth kill.
Radio receivers of passive secondary VERA-E system.
Another drawback of the active radar pulse transmitted, if met stealth aircraft, waves are absorbed or scattered in various directions as the signal strength back too weak receiver, the receiver as being "blind ". It excludes some aircraft equipment "feel" is being "broadcast", and deal with anti-radar missiles. However, the principle of operation of passive radar systems, the ability much, much higher survival times. The war took place today in the attacks "preemptive" use of air power, Stealth Fighters "wriggle" through the air defense radar systems initiative of the enemy and "disable" them. Therefore, this passive radar systems will be hit response "disproportionate", always ready to catch Stealth stick to target air defense missile destroyed. trends in the development of military technology is now focused primarily on stealth solution, therefore, the method of "anti-stealth" is also being used in many national attention. The passive radar stations are also countries such as Israel, Germany, Russia, USA ... active research and preparation. However, experts say, VERA with new Kolchuga is actually two passive surveillance systems capable of detecting Stealth best in the world. The variations
Manufacturer supply system has also created VERA different configurations, including:
VERA - P3D, has been commercialized, shorter operating range and is used to monitor the response of the transmitter ground facilities at the airports.
VERA - AP, long-range surveillance for air traffic and civil works only in the band range from 1030 - 1090 Mhz.
VERA - E, ESM system variations from the military, and for export. Thus, it can be stated Vietnam will buy VERA-E system.
VERA S / M for the particular variant of the Czech military use. There are also some variations for different tasks such as VERA - ADSB, VERA - HME, VERA ASCS and BORAP.
Victories on the battlefield and the marketplace
Yugoslavia was soon Tamara passive radar system (the previous generation of VERA), along with other types of radar, contributing to the spot and shoot down a F-117 aircraft in U.S. airspace protection in Kosovo in 1999. Therefore, Tamara that was later VERA many countries around the world are very interested. Machine F-117 stealth aircraft, an Air Force plane that is said to be "transparent electromagnetic" but was shot down by an SA-3 missiles obsolete with the assistance of Tamara systems. Maybe so, May 8/2005, the U.S. military has sent a team of military experts to their city Pardubice, east Bohemia to acquire a passive radar stations VERA produced by Czech exporters Thomas CZ arms. At this point, the U.S. military team has been trained to operate the VERA system that later, one such system was the Czech Republic to the United States to provide research purposes. Since then, many public opinion assessment, discussion of this type of passive radar Czech Republic, with many interesting information.
F-117 Nighthawk Air Force is said to have been discovered and Tamara systems provide fire parameters for S-125 missile downing of Yugoslavia in 1999.
In the Czech Republic, the first time, two passive surveillance systems, mobile variants of the system VERA S / M has been handed over to the 53 Regiment, under Passive Monitoring Center based in České Budějovice on 12/07/2004. According to a report in 2005 of the United States, Vietnam, Pakistan, Malaysia and Egypt have expressed interest in PSS VERA of the Czech Republic. However, at that time, only Estonia is going to be this system after the Czech Republic, U.S. is the second foreign national to buy VERA system.
In 2004, through import-export company Omnipol military, China has ordered all of the Republic Cezch Vera-E 6 system worth $ 55.7 million. But the U.S. has been pressuring the Czech prime minister not to sell weapons to China, so the contract has not been made. According CT TV stations of the Czech Republic, the country's high-tech arms sales for Vietnam, especially the passive surveillance system VERA will not encounter any obstacles. Meanwhile, China continues to be "embargoed" for non-weapon damage this.
Sources:BAODATVIET.VN | VERA-E, 'siêu radar' mà Vi
During the war in Yugoslavia is not prevention, Tamara (the previous generation of VERA) has contributed to detect and shoot down U.S. F-117 makes surprise.
(DVO) According to sources from the Ministry of Defence Czech Republic (Czech), in the recent visit to Vietnam by Defense Minister Vondra, the two sides discussed the provision of a passive monitoring system advanced VERA-E. To provide sufficient information to readers, Vietnamese Land has an article about passive surveillance system VERA-E which Vietnam can buy this.
VERA passive radar system (the Czech Republic known as Vera), or more accurately called passive monitoring system (PSS) VERA ERA Technical Company of the Czech Republic made. system allows measuring the difference time difference (TDOA) of the electromagnetic pulse emitted by the target to four stations on the ground sensors to detect and track objects emitting in the air, at sea and on land. Thereby calculations, determine the coordinates of the target distance, azimuth, elevation to link with the fire control system of missiles proceed to destroy targets, including all types of machines advanced stealth aircraft such as B-2, F-117 and even F-22, F-35, let alone to J-20. VERA works as a source of collecting independent information on every move activities, the movement of all airborne targets, sea and land to make the task of monitoring and support for the radar system of the Center for Monitoring the Czech Republic airspace.
The introduction of it has contributed to improved performance, support the operation of the passive monitoring system previously as Tamara and TACAN system that is using the Czech Republic. The tests proved that the system VERA (local version) is capable of operating with a range from 400-500 km. System software now has the ability to automatically and simultaneously track up to 300 aircraft / different targets in real time . He said Czech VERA can detect stealth aircraft of the U.S. B-2 from very far distance, about 250 km. History VERA system today is derived from passive monitoring system PRP- 1 Kopac, PSS was developed first for the Soviet Army in 1963, can monitor six different targets. Following then-81 system KRTP Ramona (NATO Soft Ball) was developed in 1979, can detect and track 20 targets simultaneously. In 1987, the system has been developed into KRTP-86 Tamara (NATO identifier is Trash Can), can detect radar 23 targets and 48 items standard IFF (identify your enemy). Once there, the Czech Republic are in the socialist bloc in Eastern Europe to the passive monitoring system on are widely exported in the block. After political events of 1989, the technical Professor and leader of the Tesla officials have established a new company Era in Pardubice, specializes in producing the sensing line of the next generation VERA system. PSS VERA is the latest development in the developing history ESM TDOA system of the Czech Republic, and is the successor of the reconnaissance system Tamara passive sophisticated. In 1995, passive surveillance system VERA has been successfully tested in all weather conditions and transportation continuously by a team of experts from the Center for Passive Systems and the Air Force from the High Command of the Army Non Czech Republic. VERA system prototype was the first deployment of the Czech Republic placed and arranged in an area with a height of 1,000 m to develop the ability to monitor all movement is happening in the sky and on the ground of the country. October / 2006, Rannoch Corporation declared announced the acquisition of ERA, 2/2007 officially changed its name to ERA Corporation, 7/2008 ERA was acquired by SRA International. And most recently, 11/2011, ERA Pardubice was acquired by import and export company trading Omnipol arms of the Czech Republic.
Principle of operation, specification - Tactical PSS VERA-E
variant is export VERA VERA-E PSS, all the system components are located in a vehicle to facilitate the process of cell transfer, and implementation hiding. deployed system typically consists of 3 stations ESM receiver arranged equilateral triangle (ideal case), each station covers an area 120 degrees wide fan (3 stations is 360 degrees) and a central receiver station was placed in between (including signal processing equipment and implement ESM receiver acts as a secondary radio receiver, as well as synthetic signal station by three secondary stations TV on).
Simulation and how to deploy combat capability of VERA-E system.
First-generation sensor system VERA can only detect and monitor the electrical impulses emitted from the target based on measurements of the delay getting around. Radio receiver operating at very wide frequency range, from 1-18 GHz, and often make use of the transceiver system of secondary surveillance radar (SSR) as, aerial radar, weather radar, navigation system transceiver War aviation (TACAN), navigation system with distance measuring equipment (DME), a digital communication signal and the noise pulses emitted by the target to calculate the target coordinates. collection of secondary stations received signal will be emitted by the target and transfer line center under a point microwave - point (point - to - point). Processing Center will calculate the latency of the pulses transmitted from three stations to calculate the TDOA (time gap to) of the pulses in each radio receiver. TDOA of a pulse from a radio receiver and radio side collection center will determine the target location based on taking delivery of the hipeboloit. The second receiving station will provide TDOA of it and create a hipeboloit Monday. assign two hipeboloit will identify targets in a straight line, providing a 2D coordinates on the target (distance and azimuth) . Meanwhile, delivery of the station Tuesday hipeboloit will create height coordinates of the target, providing a complete location coordinates in 3D. Central computer will aggregate all traffic signals on the Assembly, by the method of locating "the future of the differential signal" on the triangle, will very quickly identify the target coordinates.
At the same time as soon as the target coordinates are determined, information about the target will be transmitted on the fire station's radar missile, thereby also shot the original parameters, the bullet was launched, closely related to destroy aircraft and the appropriate distance.
Simulation of target coordinates in 3D space.
Multifunction radar
According to sources, radio reconnaissance VERA-E passive can combine signals connected with the division of fire SAM missiles Vietnam today as S-125, S-300 .. . attack to destroy targets with missiles. This is a pretty important feature of the system to link into a network of integrated air defense, attack against the enemy's air. PSS VERA more accurate operation at microwave range, the inherent time measurements of the system depends largely on the central station. In fact, the distance between the stations as far apart in the higher accuracy, but people often deploy from 3-4 stations, space stations to the central station from 15-40 km (maximum of 50 km) to ensure both accuracy requirements and target detection distances. other important feature of PSS VERA is the principle of operation of the system can detect signals radiation and determine the location of other active radar stations of the enemy without being detected. The ground targets like tanks, reconnaissance vehicles, radar, targets such as ships at sea, on board radar ... can detect and calculate the exact coordinates, to support the coastal defense units, artillery ...
At the processing center, crew operating the system simply consists of two people (one soldier plus 1 officer) with the electronic signal processing in the car a very modern center.
According to experts, PSS VERA is an efficient system, complement and support the active radar system exists to monitor the airspace of any country. Technical parameters of the PSS VERA -E. + information output of the computer central processing speed of the target location updates can be adjusted from 1-5 seconds. + receiver sensitivity of the secondary station is very high (-100 dBm ) + An antenna receiver of secondary stations in size, length 1.3 m, 0.9 m wide, weighs 120 kg. 24 V power source DC/250 W. + Antenna signal transmission point - the 600 mm diameter (400 mm), weighs 24 kg, very narrow beam signal 1.26 level, capacity utilization 24V low DC/20 W. + basic operating frequency range from 1-18 GHz, can choose two different operating frequency range is 0.1 to 1 GHz and 18-40 GHz. + The ability to detect and simultaneously track 200 different targets. Includes all targets as radar, TACAN transceiver systems, radio interference, the transmission of radio waves in the frequency range. + level of automation is very high. +) maintenance requirements are not too picky .
Signal Processing Center of the whole system is placed on mobility scooter.
VERA-E passive radar not only broadcast receivers based on the principle, in a heterogeneous environment of space, any "disturbance" of the flying object also generates electromagnetic waves, depending under more or less level. engraved crystal of stealth aircraft stealth aircraft (Stealth) have many 'hidden', have created very little expression there. But along the bay, Stealth Fighters must also have open communication equipment and determine the height, to open the weapons bay ... Having met Stealth rain, invisibility effect is reduced ... this time, the receiver, the radar sensor receptor action can be collected continuously every sign that to calculate the exact coordinates of the target, air defense support Stealth kill.
Radio receivers of passive secondary VERA-E system.
Another drawback of the active radar pulse transmitted, if met stealth aircraft, waves are absorbed or scattered in various directions as the signal strength back too weak receiver, the receiver as being "blind ". It excludes some aircraft equipment "feel" is being "broadcast", and deal with anti-radar missiles. However, the principle of operation of passive radar systems, the ability much, much higher survival times. The war took place today in the attacks "preemptive" use of air power, Stealth Fighters "wriggle" through the air defense radar systems initiative of the enemy and "disable" them. Therefore, this passive radar systems will be hit response "disproportionate", always ready to catch Stealth stick to target air defense missile destroyed. trends in the development of military technology is now focused primarily on stealth solution, therefore, the method of "anti-stealth" is also being used in many national attention. The passive radar stations are also countries such as Israel, Germany, Russia, USA ... active research and preparation. However, experts say, VERA with new Kolchuga is actually two passive surveillance systems capable of detecting Stealth best in the world. The variations
Manufacturer supply system has also created VERA different configurations, including:
VERA - P3D, has been commercialized, shorter operating range and is used to monitor the response of the transmitter ground facilities at the airports.
VERA - AP, long-range surveillance for air traffic and civil works only in the band range from 1030 - 1090 Mhz.
VERA - E, ESM system variations from the military, and for export. Thus, it can be stated Vietnam will buy VERA-E system.
VERA S / M for the particular variant of the Czech military use. There are also some variations for different tasks such as VERA - ADSB, VERA - HME, VERA ASCS and BORAP.
Victories on the battlefield and the marketplace
Yugoslavia was soon Tamara passive radar system (the previous generation of VERA), along with other types of radar, contributing to the spot and shoot down a F-117 aircraft in U.S. airspace protection in Kosovo in 1999. Therefore, Tamara that was later VERA many countries around the world are very interested. Machine F-117 stealth aircraft, an Air Force plane that is said to be "transparent electromagnetic" but was shot down by an SA-3 missiles obsolete with the assistance of Tamara systems. Maybe so, May 8/2005, the U.S. military has sent a team of military experts to their city Pardubice, east Bohemia to acquire a passive radar stations VERA produced by Czech exporters Thomas CZ arms. At this point, the U.S. military team has been trained to operate the VERA system that later, one such system was the Czech Republic to the United States to provide research purposes. Since then, many public opinion assessment, discussion of this type of passive radar Czech Republic, with many interesting information.
F-117 Nighthawk Air Force is said to have been discovered and Tamara systems provide fire parameters for S-125 missile downing of Yugoslavia in 1999.
In the Czech Republic, the first time, two passive surveillance systems, mobile variants of the system VERA S / M has been handed over to the 53 Regiment, under Passive Monitoring Center based in České Budějovice on 12/07/2004. According to a report in 2005 of the United States, Vietnam, Pakistan, Malaysia and Egypt have expressed interest in PSS VERA of the Czech Republic. However, at that time, only Estonia is going to be this system after the Czech Republic, U.S. is the second foreign national to buy VERA system.
In 2004, through import-export company Omnipol military, China has ordered all of the Republic Cezch Vera-E 6 system worth $ 55.7 million. But the U.S. has been pressuring the Czech prime minister not to sell weapons to China, so the contract has not been made. According CT TV stations of the Czech Republic, the country's high-tech arms sales for Vietnam, especially the passive surveillance system VERA will not encounter any obstacles. Meanwhile, China continues to be "embargoed" for non-weapon damage this.
Sources:BAODATVIET.VN | VERA-E, 'siêu radar' mà Vi
