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USAF expands hypersonic efforts with plans for another prototype

Kailash Kumar

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USAF expands hypersonic efforts with plans for another prototype

Jason Sherman

4th May 2020

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The USAF has announced plans to commence a hypersonic cruise missile prototype programme on behalf of the DoD, in an effort to foster a scramjet industrial base and diversify the fledgling portfolio of ultra-fast manoeuvring weapons beyond the current hypersonic boost-glide programme.

On 28 April, the air force published a notice announcing plans for a ‘future hypersonic weapon’ programme, asking industry for proposals to support the goal of a new air-breathing weapon powered by a supersonic combustion ramjet — or scramjet — that could be ready for preliminary design review by Q4 in FY2021.

‘We’re excited about the potential to start that programme,’ Dr Will Roper, Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics, told reporters on 29 April. ‘Scramjet is much more mature and ready to go than I originally thought, so we’re preparing to begin a hypersonic cruise missile programme.’

The latest development comes as the USAF narrowed its hypersonic boost-glide prototyping efforts from two to one in February, favouring the smaller of the two candidate weapons: the Air-Launched Rapid Response Weapon.

‘We will leverage work that is currently ongoing in DARPA as well as our own research laboratory,’ Roper explained, referring to the Hypersonic Air Breathing Weapon Concept (HAWC). ‘And the goal is to do what we did with boost-glide technology: get technology out of our laboratories and to help industry start to get ready for production.’

He added that recent advances in scramjet design and fabrication inform his confidence about launching a new programme.

‘I expect that we’ll be able to go pretty quickly on this,’ Roper said. “I don’t expect to be wrong on that.’

On 20 April the Pentagon unveiled a collaborative research project, begun in 2019 with Norway, to prototype advanced technologies needed for a hypersonic cruise missile. The Tactical High-speed Offensive Ramjet for Extended Range (THOR-ER) is exploring advanced solid-fuel ramjet technologies.

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Mike White, the Pentagon’s assistant director for hypersonics, said an air-breathing weapon has the potential to be smaller, more affordable, fit on a wider range of platforms and also accommodate a seeker.

‘So, one of the big values it brings to the table is load out and the ability to deliver weapons to the theater,’ White told reporters in February. ‘So, instead of having a small number of weapons on the bomber platforms, we can put weapons -- large numbers on the bombers as well as the fourth- and fifth-gen fighters.’

https://www.shephardmedia.com/news/air-warfare/usaf-expands-hypersonic-efforts-plans-another-prot/
 
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Whats the longest operating duration of a scram jet engine? 100s? 200s?
 
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If you mean specific impulse, which is the measure of how effectively a rocket uses propellant or a jet engine uses fuel, then it is about 1000 seconds (see graph below).

800px-Specific-impulse-kk-20090105.png


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_impulse
What has actually been achieved? The space shuttle rockets operate for a longer duration than then any publicly available info on scram jet duration. They also operate at Mach 10 according to this chart.
 
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What has actually been achieved? The space shuttle rockets operate for a longer duration than then any publicly available info on scram jet duration. They also operate at Mach 10 according to this chart.

These are the advantages compared to a rocket (see slide below).

scramjet-engine-13-638.jpg
 
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What has actually been achieved? The space shuttle rockets operate for a longer duration than then any publicly available info on scram jet duration. They also operate at Mach 10 according to this chart.
specific impulses of scramjet is 1000-4000 sec according to wiki, Space shuttle main engine specific impulses is just over 450 sec or just over 10 minutes
from wikipedia
1000 and 4000 seconds
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scramjet#Advantages
 
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If you mean specific impulse, which is the measure of how effectively a rocket uses propellant or a jet engine uses fuel, then it is about 1000 seconds (see graph below).

800px-Specific-impulse-kk-20090105.png


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_impulse

This is not what he was asking at all. Specific impulse (when kg propellant basis) basically illustrates how long one kg of propellant produces the thrust level. The higher the better...mark of higher fuel efficiency.

As for duration of flight, scramjets these days generally sustain between 100 - 200 seconds in altitude tests...with the maximum recorded around 240 seconds.
 
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nice, very nice.
Russia and China already have it this kind of weapon, especially Russia already inducted hypersonic cruise missiles named ZIRCON

This is not what he was asking at all. Specific impulse (when kg propellant basis) basically illustrates how long one kg of propellant produces the thrust level. The higher the better...mark of higher fuel efficiency.

As for duration of flight, scramjets these days generally sustain between 100 - 200 seconds in altitude tests...with the maximum recorded around 240 seconds.
theoretical specific impulses of SCRAMJET is 1000-4000 sec as i posted above, but such details you want is not available on public domain so sir
 
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theoretical specific impulses of SCRAMJET is 1000-4000 sec as i posted above, but such details you want is not available on public domain so sir

Yes the technology itself is quite promising one, hence the huge research and development interest into it since cold war times.

The issue that gets in the way is real life world given we are constrained a lot by what materials we have and what we understand so far in fluid flows of this regime too etc...

This is also why specific impulse of ion engines is extremely high...10,000 seconds and even more for some...given they use very little propellant mass at all (thus highly efficient in that sense).

But their thrust level is very low, so can only be used for some applications.
 
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