India was neither pro nor anti British. India used British equipment as that is what they had and were trained with when the British left. India was just very poor and was requesting help from all countries across the world. India did not want to be in either camp. India started the Non-Aligned Movement in 1953 and was one of the five founding members of the movement when it was formalized in 1961.
Nehru used the five pillars of Buddhism called Panchsheel (five restraints) as the basis of the Non-Aligned Movement. The five principles were:
- Mutual respect for each other's territorial integrity and sovereignty.
- Mutual non-aggression.
- Mutual non-interference in domestic affairs.
- Equality and mutual benefit.
- Peaceful co-existence.
India was working with like minded developing countries of the world to stay neutral in the cold war while Pakistan chose to side US through the SEATO and CENTO pacts of 1955 whose aim was to confront the spread of communism from USSR & China.
Since Pakistan was closely aligned with the US through SEATO and CENTO pacts, US gave better equipment & deals to Pakistan when compared to India. For example, US offered India F-105 Freedom Fighter which was inferior to the F-104 Starfighter that US had already given to Pakistan. This forced India to look for options elsewhere. And this is when USSR stepped in and offered India MIG-21 in 1961 and India grabbed the offer with both hands.
India establishing the relations with China has nothing to do with USA-USSR dynamics. India established relations with China in 1950. India was the first non communist country to establish relations with PRC. The Sino-Indian Tibet agreement of 1954 was based on the same Panchsheel (five restraints) that Nehru used for NAM. In fact Zhou Enlai participated in the Bandung Conference of 1955 which was a precursor to the formation of NAM in 1961.
I am assuming that you are alluding the Indo-Pak war of 1971 (Liberation of Bangladesh). India gained no land from this war and the war has nothing to do with the Sino-Soviet split.
India made a deal with USSR for MIG-21s in 1961. Sino-Indian war took place in 1962.
After the collapse of USSR, US relations towards India were hostile. India went into a financial crisis and had to sell gold and approach IMF. US tried to force India give up Kashmir and sign CTBT.
Agree.
Just a disinformation campaign being carried out by some vested interests with no proof. There is no issue. In fact Russia & India are negotiating the lease of 2nd nuclear submarine.
Again wild allegations with zero proof. One can even allege that India is passing the information on Russian Equipment's performance against their Western counterparts back to Russia.
You do not understand the depth of Indo-Russian relations
1) India was the first country to procure MIG-21. Since then India has always been offered their top most technologies, in most cases exclusively, to India.
2) USSR sent its fleet to Indian Ocean to defend India from the US during the Indo-Pak 1971 war.
3) India strongly supported USSR during Afghan war.
4) India uses Russia's GLONASS for Military communication
5) After the collapse of USSR, When Russia did not have money to pay salaries at Sukhoi, India made down payment of ~$1.6 Billion in 1996 towards the SU-30 procurement with no product to evaluate even as India herself was under severe financial stress.
6) Russia is the only country with which India has an institutionalized bilateral summit meeting every year and Russia is the only country to which India has accorded the title "special and privileged strategic partner"
7) India went ahead and signed the deal with Russia for S-400s in spite of the threat of CAATSA sanctions being imposed
8) One call from Russia, India curtailed its M2K procurement in the 1980s and started procuring MIG-29s, MIG-27s, MIG-25s, MIG-23s.
9) Russia built Nuclear plants in India with no liability clause
10) India paid an additional $1.2 Billion to Russia even though it was not obliged to by the contract for procuring Russia Aircraft carrier when Russia incurred cost over runs.