South China Sea Forum
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China ready to construct floating nuclear power plant
Staff Reporter
2014-09-28
Concept art for China's nuclear power plant. (Internet photo)
The 719th Research Institute of the China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation was appointed to establish China's first R&D center for floating nuclear power plants in central China's Hubei province, reports our Chinese-language sister newspaper Want Daily.
President Vladimir Putin of Russia signed a contract with president Xi Jinping of China during his visit to Shanghai in May for the two nations to collaborate in constructing such a plant. As China Shipbuilding Industry Corp's website writes, the floating plant will be used to provide electricity to Chinese facilities in the disputed South China Sea.
Equipped with a smaller nuclear reactor, some vessels can also be used to exploit the natural resources beneath the sea floor. When natural disasters and accidents strike, emergency assistance can be deployed from the floating station. If China gathers experience in operating such plants, they will be able to construct nuclear reactors for nuclear-powered aircraft carriers in the future.
Sources from the Chinese shipbuilding industry said that Hubei province can benefit from the construction of this floating nuclear power plant. Hubei currently has 385 shipbuilding companies and 21 research institutes. Russia is currently the only nation in the world with a floating nuclear power plant. Known as Akademik Lomonosov, the plant provides up to 70MW of electricity or 300MW of heat to the city of Saint Petersburg.
Staff Reporter
2014-09-28
Concept art for China's nuclear power plant. (Internet photo)
The 719th Research Institute of the China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation was appointed to establish China's first R&D center for floating nuclear power plants in central China's Hubei province, reports our Chinese-language sister newspaper Want Daily.
President Vladimir Putin of Russia signed a contract with president Xi Jinping of China during his visit to Shanghai in May for the two nations to collaborate in constructing such a plant. As China Shipbuilding Industry Corp's website writes, the floating plant will be used to provide electricity to Chinese facilities in the disputed South China Sea.
Equipped with a smaller nuclear reactor, some vessels can also be used to exploit the natural resources beneath the sea floor. When natural disasters and accidents strike, emergency assistance can be deployed from the floating station. If China gathers experience in operating such plants, they will be able to construct nuclear reactors for nuclear-powered aircraft carriers in the future.
Sources from the Chinese shipbuilding industry said that Hubei province can benefit from the construction of this floating nuclear power plant. Hubei currently has 385 shipbuilding companies and 21 research institutes. Russia is currently the only nation in the world with a floating nuclear power plant. Known as Akademik Lomonosov, the plant provides up to 70MW of electricity or 300MW of heat to the city of Saint Petersburg.
The “new card” in China’s cow-tongue machinations.
In case China pursues UNESCO recognition of the Silk Road on the Sea as a world heritage, how will this affect the procedures to deal with China’s files related to the disputed area at the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, and how will this impact the committee’s decision on the dispute?
China’s lobbying
The World Heritage Committee is an intergovernmental committee that is responsible for considering and evaluating world heritage files submitted by the member states. It determines whether the heritage meets the criteria to be recognized as a world heritage in need of protection. The committee currently consists of 21 members, including Vietnam.
Normally, after receiving the files of the member states, the Secretariat will forward the full dossier to the appropriate consulting agency for evaluation. A nomination file will have to go through a process from 1.5 to 2 years (from the date of submission) until it is approved or rejected by the committee.
It is important that the committee’s decision concerning approval of the nomination file is based on the votes of the member states. Currently, of the 21 members of the committee, Vietnam, Malaysia and the Philippines are claimants in the dispute over the Truong Sa (Spratly) Islands. The committee does not include China. Therefore, it will not be easy for China to lobby the committee to approve the decision in its favor to add the Silk Road on the Sea to the World Heritage List.
Is China taking advantage of heritage protection?
As stipulated in Article 11 (3) of the UNESCO Convention in 1972, the recognition of a heritage site to the list of World Heritage needs the consent of the countries concerned and the recognition will not affect the rights of the disputed parties if the heritage is subject to claims or jurisdiction of more than one country.
According to paragraph 135 of the Guidance Documents of the UNESCO Convention 1972, the nomination file for cross-border heritage, if possible, should be prepared and submitted by all member states who own the heritage, complying with the above Article 11 (3). In particular, the Member States concerned should establish a management committee or a similar body to oversee the management of the entire cross-country heritage.
If the Silk Road on the Sea passes through the waters of the Hoang Sa Archipelago (Paracel Islands) (the subject of disputes between Vietnam and China) and Spratly Islands (the subject of disputes between Brunei, Malaysia, the Philippines, China (Taiwan) and Vietnam), China has the obligation to consult with countries concerned in the dispute and is only allowed to submit the heritage file to the World Heritage Committee with the consent of these countries.
However, the Convention does not specify the case in which the heritage is located in the area of dispute of more than one country, and the other parties do not consent that one of the claimants unilaterally file the dossier.
The dispute over the Preah Vihear Temple between Cambodia and Thailand is a typical example of processing nomination files of the Committee for the heritage in the area that is subject to claims of more than one country. The Committee decided to add the temple to the list of World Heritage based on two factors: Firstly, the temple was determined by the International Court of Justice to belong to the sovereignty of Cambodia in 1962 and secondly, Thailand agreed with the recognition of the temple as a world heritage site.
For the disputed area, the Committee encouraged Cambodia to cooperate with Thailand in the protection of heritage values and expressed the wish that in the future the two sides would jointly submit the extended border areas in order to show the full value of the temple and surrounding areas.
Thus, experience shows that to add a heritage to the list of the world heritage, the country that submits the nomination dossier to the UNESCO must prove its sovereignty over the territories where the heritage is located (Article 4 of UNESCO Convention 1972), or while waiting for a final solution, that country must consult and have the consent of the country concerned (Article 11.3).
Similarly, in the process of finding a final solution, China should consult with other countries concerned to prepare and submit the dossier in order to have timely measures to conserve the value of outstanding underwater heritage.
An interesting example is that China combined with Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan to prepare and file the heritage dossier to the World Heritage Committee to recognize the Silk Road on Land.
The question is why China, which had precedent in coordination with the countries concerned in the preparation of the profile of a cross-border heritage site, did not carry out the same procedure for the Silk Road on the Sea?
If not for the purpose of protection of underwater cultural heritage, is China taking advantage of the protection of underwater heritage to realize its U-shaped line claim and reinforce its claims in the East Sea?
VietNamNet Bridge – Is China taking advantage of the protection of underwater heritage to realize its U-shaped line claim in the East Sea?
In case China pursues UNESCO recognition of the Silk Road on the Sea as a world heritage, how will this affect the procedures to deal with China’s files related to the disputed area at the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, and how will this impact the committee’s decision on the dispute?
China’s lobbying
The World Heritage Committee is an intergovernmental committee that is responsible for considering and evaluating world heritage files submitted by the member states. It determines whether the heritage meets the criteria to be recognized as a world heritage in need of protection. The committee currently consists of 21 members, including Vietnam.
Normally, after receiving the files of the member states, the Secretariat will forward the full dossier to the appropriate consulting agency for evaluation. A nomination file will have to go through a process from 1.5 to 2 years (from the date of submission) until it is approved or rejected by the committee.
It is important that the committee’s decision concerning approval of the nomination file is based on the votes of the member states. Currently, of the 21 members of the committee, Vietnam, Malaysia and the Philippines are claimants in the dispute over the Truong Sa (Spratly) Islands. The committee does not include China. Therefore, it will not be easy for China to lobby the committee to approve the decision in its favor to add the Silk Road on the Sea to the World Heritage List.
Is China taking advantage of heritage protection?
As stipulated in Article 11 (3) of the UNESCO Convention in 1972, the recognition of a heritage site to the list of World Heritage needs the consent of the countries concerned and the recognition will not affect the rights of the disputed parties if the heritage is subject to claims or jurisdiction of more than one country.
According to paragraph 135 of the Guidance Documents of the UNESCO Convention 1972, the nomination file for cross-border heritage, if possible, should be prepared and submitted by all member states who own the heritage, complying with the above Article 11 (3). In particular, the Member States concerned should establish a management committee or a similar body to oversee the management of the entire cross-country heritage.
If the Silk Road on the Sea passes through the waters of the Hoang Sa Archipelago (Paracel Islands) (the subject of disputes between Vietnam and China) and Spratly Islands (the subject of disputes between Brunei, Malaysia, the Philippines, China (Taiwan) and Vietnam), China has the obligation to consult with countries concerned in the dispute and is only allowed to submit the heritage file to the World Heritage Committee with the consent of these countries.
However, the Convention does not specify the case in which the heritage is located in the area of dispute of more than one country, and the other parties do not consent that one of the claimants unilaterally file the dossier.
The dispute over the Preah Vihear Temple between Cambodia and Thailand is a typical example of processing nomination files of the Committee for the heritage in the area that is subject to claims of more than one country. The Committee decided to add the temple to the list of World Heritage based on two factors: Firstly, the temple was determined by the International Court of Justice to belong to the sovereignty of Cambodia in 1962 and secondly, Thailand agreed with the recognition of the temple as a world heritage site.
For the disputed area, the Committee encouraged Cambodia to cooperate with Thailand in the protection of heritage values and expressed the wish that in the future the two sides would jointly submit the extended border areas in order to show the full value of the temple and surrounding areas.
Thus, experience shows that to add a heritage to the list of the world heritage, the country that submits the nomination dossier to the UNESCO must prove its sovereignty over the territories where the heritage is located (Article 4 of UNESCO Convention 1972), or while waiting for a final solution, that country must consult and have the consent of the country concerned (Article 11.3).
Similarly, in the process of finding a final solution, China should consult with other countries concerned to prepare and submit the dossier in order to have timely measures to conserve the value of outstanding underwater heritage.
An interesting example is that China combined with Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan to prepare and file the heritage dossier to the World Heritage Committee to recognize the Silk Road on Land.
The question is why China, which had precedent in coordination with the countries concerned in the preparation of the profile of a cross-border heritage site, did not carry out the same procedure for the Silk Road on the Sea?
If not for the purpose of protection of underwater cultural heritage, is China taking advantage of the protection of underwater heritage to realize its U-shaped line claim and reinforce its claims in the East Sea?
VietNamNet Bridge – Is China taking advantage of the protection of underwater heritage to realize its U-shaped line claim in the East Sea?
劉天兆
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貌似我们还真的很需要油 不过得到的也只是中石油中石化还有中海油那几个臭不要脸的So the U.S. is telling China it can take all the fish and oil it can grab – but don’t try to stop any ships along the way.
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What we need is just oil and fish
dichoi
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Its disputed.
Hoàng Sa District
Hoàng Sa is an island district of Da Nang in the South Central Coastregion of Vietnam. It covers an area of 305 km2 of the Paracel Islands, including these main features: Pattle Island, North Reef, Robert Island, Discovery Reef, Passu Keah, Triton Island, Tree Island, North Island, Middle Island, South Island, Woody Island, Lincoln Island, Duncan Island,Bombay Reef, Observation Bank, West Sand, Vuladdore Reef, Pyramid Rock.
China robbed with force Islands 1956, 1974 from Vietnam.
Vietnam established Hoàng Sa district in 1982 as part of Quang Nam-Da Nang province Since Quảng Nam and Da Nang were split in November 1996, the island district has belonged to Da Nang.
sovereignity statue of Vietnam on Paracel.
Hoàng Sa is an island district of Da Nang in the South Central Coastregion of Vietnam. It covers an area of 305 km2 of the Paracel Islands, including these main features: Pattle Island, North Reef, Robert Island, Discovery Reef, Passu Keah, Triton Island, Tree Island, North Island, Middle Island, South Island, Woody Island, Lincoln Island, Duncan Island,Bombay Reef, Observation Bank, West Sand, Vuladdore Reef, Pyramid Rock.
China robbed with force Islands 1956, 1974 from Vietnam.
Vietnam established Hoàng Sa district in 1982 as part of Quang Nam-Da Nang province Since Quảng Nam and Da Nang were split in November 1996, the island district has belonged to Da Nang.
sovereignity statue of Vietnam on Paracel.
Map made by Do Ba, in the seventeenth-century painting pic. On this map that shows places "Golden Sands" (the red box) as stated in Nom word "Bai Cat vang", in the waters off the coast of Quang Nam province of Vietnam.
There is Paracel Islands of Vietnam.
There is Paracel Islands of Vietnam.
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