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Puducherry Liberation Day
Puducherry Chief Minister V. Narayanasamy greeting the students during a cultural performance, unmindful of rain, on the occasion of Liberation Day held in Puducherry on Thursday. | Photo Credit: S.S. Kumar
On Thursday, the Union Territory of Puducherry celebrated Liberation Day with traditional flavour. A large number of students presented cultural programme on Beach Road.
It was on November 1, 1954 that the then French establishments of Puducherry, Karaikal, Mahe and Yanam merged de facto with the Indian union bidding farewell to the French regime.
The merger itself was democratically decided through a referendum conducted by the French administration at the border village of Kizhur near here to ascertain the wishes of the people.
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Pondicherry was part of the Pallava Kingdom of Kanchipuram from about the 4th Century A.D. It came under the Chola dynasty of Thanjavur in the 10th Century A.D. and later under the Pandya kingdom in the 13th Century. Still later it came under the Vijayanagar Empire which controlled the whole of South India until early 17th Century.
In the meantime, at the beginning of the 16th Century the Portuguese had established a factory in Pondicherry. The Portuguese had to leave when the Sultan of Bijapur came to have sway over Gingee in the 17th Century.
In 1674 the French East India Company set up a trading centre at Pondicherry. This outpost eventually became the chief French settlement in India.
Dutch and British trading companies also wanted trade with India. Wars raged among these European countries and spilled over into the Indian subcontinent. The Dutch captured Puducherry in 1693 but returned it to France by the Treaty of Ryswick in 1699.
The French acquired Mahe in the 1720s, Yanam in 1731, and Karaikal in 1738.
The French obtained Karaikal from the King of Thanjavur in 1738 and Mahe from the ruler of
Badagara in 1721. Yanam came into their possession in 1731.
Governor Dupleix (1742-54), Pondicherry expanded further in size and became very
prosperous. But, Dupleix was recalled to France when his hopes of creating a French colonial India were thwarted by Sir Robert Clive of England.
During the joint Anglo-French wars (1742–1763), Puducherry changed hands frequently. On January 16, 1761, captured Puducherry from the French, but the Treaty of Paris (1763) at the conclusion of the Seven Years' War returned it
Pondicherry was destroyed in 1761.Thereafter, over the next fifty years Pondicherry changed hands between the British and the French frequently in the course of wars and treaties.
The British took control of the area again in 1793 at the Siege of Pondicherry. Pondicherry, Mahe, Yanam, Karaikal and Chandernagar remained a part of French India until 1954.
In 1787 and 1791, farmers of Karaikal agitated against the heavy land tax imposed by the French. The rebellion of 1857 had an effect in the French settlements but it did not attract the attention of the rulers, as the incidents were few and considered as local. People employed legal means to fight against the French. In 1873, an advocate, Ponnuthammbi Pillai, convinced a Paris court of his cause. He won the case in which he was fined by a French magistrate in Pondicherry for walking into the court with footwear.
Puducherry Chief Minister V. Narayanasamy greeting the students during a cultural performance, unmindful of rain, on the occasion of Liberation Day held in Puducherry on Thursday. | Photo Credit: S.S. Kumar
On Thursday, the Union Territory of Puducherry celebrated Liberation Day with traditional flavour. A large number of students presented cultural programme on Beach Road.
It was on November 1, 1954 that the then French establishments of Puducherry, Karaikal, Mahe and Yanam merged de facto with the Indian union bidding farewell to the French regime.
The merger itself was democratically decided through a referendum conducted by the French administration at the border village of Kizhur near here to ascertain the wishes of the people.
********
Pondicherry was part of the Pallava Kingdom of Kanchipuram from about the 4th Century A.D. It came under the Chola dynasty of Thanjavur in the 10th Century A.D. and later under the Pandya kingdom in the 13th Century. Still later it came under the Vijayanagar Empire which controlled the whole of South India until early 17th Century.
In the meantime, at the beginning of the 16th Century the Portuguese had established a factory in Pondicherry. The Portuguese had to leave when the Sultan of Bijapur came to have sway over Gingee in the 17th Century.
In 1674 the French East India Company set up a trading centre at Pondicherry. This outpost eventually became the chief French settlement in India.
Dutch and British trading companies also wanted trade with India. Wars raged among these European countries and spilled over into the Indian subcontinent. The Dutch captured Puducherry in 1693 but returned it to France by the Treaty of Ryswick in 1699.
The French acquired Mahe in the 1720s, Yanam in 1731, and Karaikal in 1738.
The French obtained Karaikal from the King of Thanjavur in 1738 and Mahe from the ruler of
Badagara in 1721. Yanam came into their possession in 1731.
Governor Dupleix (1742-54), Pondicherry expanded further in size and became very
prosperous. But, Dupleix was recalled to France when his hopes of creating a French colonial India were thwarted by Sir Robert Clive of England.
During the joint Anglo-French wars (1742–1763), Puducherry changed hands frequently. On January 16, 1761, captured Puducherry from the French, but the Treaty of Paris (1763) at the conclusion of the Seven Years' War returned it
Pondicherry was destroyed in 1761.Thereafter, over the next fifty years Pondicherry changed hands between the British and the French frequently in the course of wars and treaties.
The British took control of the area again in 1793 at the Siege of Pondicherry. Pondicherry, Mahe, Yanam, Karaikal and Chandernagar remained a part of French India until 1954.
In 1787 and 1791, farmers of Karaikal agitated against the heavy land tax imposed by the French. The rebellion of 1857 had an effect in the French settlements but it did not attract the attention of the rulers, as the incidents were few and considered as local. People employed legal means to fight against the French. In 1873, an advocate, Ponnuthammbi Pillai, convinced a Paris court of his cause. He won the case in which he was fined by a French magistrate in Pondicherry for walking into the court with footwear.
