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19th-century mindset
Thursday, September 24, 2009
Ikram Sehgal
The structure of an Army unit in the fighting arms, at the battalion level in the case of infantry and engineers, and regiments in the case of armour and artillery, is a case study in corporate governance. The commanding officer (CO) of lieutenant colonels rank is supported by a second-in-command who is a major (a field officer). Companies (and equivalent in other arms) are supposed to have majors in command in the Tables of Organisation and Equipment, company officers can be lieutenants or captains. Two staff officers exist in the rank of captain, adjutant (executive officer of the unit) and quartermaster. The COs aide who helps him in conveying his operational instructions, maps, etc, is a junior subaltern called the intelligence officer. Each platoon (and equivalent) has a subaltern (lieutenant or second lieutenant) or a junior commissioned officer (JCO) in command.
This cabinet of officers headed by the CO provides the governance of a unit. In higher formations, the same structure exists. This has been more or less the British pattern in vogue for nearly two centuries. To improve command and control in the modern context anomalies and deficiencies need to be corrected. Presently an infantry unit of about 800 men depends upon an accounts clerk: there is need of a full-fledged accounts officer. A full fledged IT officer must look after the computer needs of the unit.
For the British armies running their colonies the experience of senior officers who could not be promoted past the rank of major was considered an asset. We must shed colonial practices! While it is the COs discretion to appoint the 2IC, and he could very well pass over a superseded officer and appoint another senior Field Officer, this is essentially wrong as is the practice to saddle him administrative tasks. The Americans have the second-in-command instead of an adjutant as the executive officer to assist the CO in running the unit on a day-to-day basis. This provides a good practical test of a major aspiring for promotion to the next rank.
For every serving officer, aspiration for promotion acts as a motivation. In the brigades, the colonels aspiring for promotion to brigadiers rank should be the executive officers and commensurately brigades and major generals should be deputy commanders at the division and corps level. With a motivation for promotion, their performance will increase substantially, commensurately so will that of their commands. Ashfaq Kayani has broken a lot of taboos (changing the term of other ranks to soldiers was an excellent one, so were the decisions to have a subedar major at the army level and have a meaningful Year of the Soldier), he must ensure that no man in the fighting arms who does not have combat experience should be promoted past the rank of major. This army has fought many battles, and is still fighting them. Why should those who manipulated avoiding combat be considered for promotion? This will also ensure that braggarts who thrill unknowing civilians by telling blatant lies about their so-called combat experience do not rise to critical senior positions.
Officers permanently superseded should be posted out of units and formations up the line as well as other key posts in the army structure. With nothing to lose and nothing to look forward to, the man has no motivation and unless made of extraordinary mettle and/or integrity, he actually becomes a liability. Invariably (and unfortunately) frustration at not being promoted could even become a focal point of dissent. If this arrangement can be fatal for command structure and morale at the unit level, consider what it must be further up the line?
Some majors are considered for promotion but some are not. Those not even being considered should be retired forthwith. If despite being considered a major is unlucky not to be promoted, the army can benefit by sending him on leave pending retirement (LPR) three years after permanent supersession. The present adverse security environment requires first class executive management in both administration and operations, slotting of superseded officers is contrary to good management practice. Above the rank field officer this same analogy must be applied with a lot more emphasis. Superseded lieutenant colonels should be treated similarly, but above that rank should immediately be sent on LPR, with full benefits for the period remaining in their mandated service. No officer permanently superseded in any rank should stay in the army, getting the full benefits that would normally accrue to them for their full service as mandated under the Army Rules and Regulations. All, except for specialist categoriesfor example, doctors, engineers and aviatorstheir services being retained for a specific period depending upon the exigencies of service.
Officers in senior positions should not be marking time till retirement. Why do lieutenant generals who are superseded immediately opt for retirement when their colleague becomes CJSC or COAS? lieutenant general (i.e., with two years service left) who have no chance of being promoted to the next rank when their senior colleague gets promoted to CJSC or COAS rank should also retire immediately. With slots opening for many down the line the logjam on promotions would not become a source of frustration. Their pride and self-respect prevents them from serving under someone junior to them. Do brigadiers and major generals lack in pride and self-respect? Till fairly recently superseded major generals stayed in the army even after their course-mates promoted to lieutenant generals rank eventually retired. This travesty has only been corrected partially by having major generals retire simultaneously with their lieutenant general course-mates.
The present system is an inheritance of two centuries ago, it is not only illogical and incorrect, why subscribe to something that militates against human nature? Unless we abandon the practices of the 19th century, choosing pragmatism over tradition, how does one hope to create the military mindset necessary for the coming battles of the 21st century?
The writer is a defence and political
analyst. Email: isehgal@pathfinder9.com
19th-century mindset
Thursday, September 24, 2009
Ikram Sehgal
The structure of an Army unit in the fighting arms, at the battalion level in the case of infantry and engineers, and regiments in the case of armour and artillery, is a case study in corporate governance. The commanding officer (CO) of lieutenant colonels rank is supported by a second-in-command who is a major (a field officer). Companies (and equivalent in other arms) are supposed to have majors in command in the Tables of Organisation and Equipment, company officers can be lieutenants or captains. Two staff officers exist in the rank of captain, adjutant (executive officer of the unit) and quartermaster. The COs aide who helps him in conveying his operational instructions, maps, etc, is a junior subaltern called the intelligence officer. Each platoon (and equivalent) has a subaltern (lieutenant or second lieutenant) or a junior commissioned officer (JCO) in command.
This cabinet of officers headed by the CO provides the governance of a unit. In higher formations, the same structure exists. This has been more or less the British pattern in vogue for nearly two centuries. To improve command and control in the modern context anomalies and deficiencies need to be corrected. Presently an infantry unit of about 800 men depends upon an accounts clerk: there is need of a full-fledged accounts officer. A full fledged IT officer must look after the computer needs of the unit.
For the British armies running their colonies the experience of senior officers who could not be promoted past the rank of major was considered an asset. We must shed colonial practices! While it is the COs discretion to appoint the 2IC, and he could very well pass over a superseded officer and appoint another senior Field Officer, this is essentially wrong as is the practice to saddle him administrative tasks. The Americans have the second-in-command instead of an adjutant as the executive officer to assist the CO in running the unit on a day-to-day basis. This provides a good practical test of a major aspiring for promotion to the next rank.
For every serving officer, aspiration for promotion acts as a motivation. In the brigades, the colonels aspiring for promotion to brigadiers rank should be the executive officers and commensurately brigades and major generals should be deputy commanders at the division and corps level. With a motivation for promotion, their performance will increase substantially, commensurately so will that of their commands. Ashfaq Kayani has broken a lot of taboos (changing the term of other ranks to soldiers was an excellent one, so were the decisions to have a subedar major at the army level and have a meaningful Year of the Soldier), he must ensure that no man in the fighting arms who does not have combat experience should be promoted past the rank of major. This army has fought many battles, and is still fighting them. Why should those who manipulated avoiding combat be considered for promotion? This will also ensure that braggarts who thrill unknowing civilians by telling blatant lies about their so-called combat experience do not rise to critical senior positions.
Officers permanently superseded should be posted out of units and formations up the line as well as other key posts in the army structure. With nothing to lose and nothing to look forward to, the man has no motivation and unless made of extraordinary mettle and/or integrity, he actually becomes a liability. Invariably (and unfortunately) frustration at not being promoted could even become a focal point of dissent. If this arrangement can be fatal for command structure and morale at the unit level, consider what it must be further up the line?
Some majors are considered for promotion but some are not. Those not even being considered should be retired forthwith. If despite being considered a major is unlucky not to be promoted, the army can benefit by sending him on leave pending retirement (LPR) three years after permanent supersession. The present adverse security environment requires first class executive management in both administration and operations, slotting of superseded officers is contrary to good management practice. Above the rank field officer this same analogy must be applied with a lot more emphasis. Superseded lieutenant colonels should be treated similarly, but above that rank should immediately be sent on LPR, with full benefits for the period remaining in their mandated service. No officer permanently superseded in any rank should stay in the army, getting the full benefits that would normally accrue to them for their full service as mandated under the Army Rules and Regulations. All, except for specialist categoriesfor example, doctors, engineers and aviatorstheir services being retained for a specific period depending upon the exigencies of service.
Officers in senior positions should not be marking time till retirement. Why do lieutenant generals who are superseded immediately opt for retirement when their colleague becomes CJSC or COAS? lieutenant general (i.e., with two years service left) who have no chance of being promoted to the next rank when their senior colleague gets promoted to CJSC or COAS rank should also retire immediately. With slots opening for many down the line the logjam on promotions would not become a source of frustration. Their pride and self-respect prevents them from serving under someone junior to them. Do brigadiers and major generals lack in pride and self-respect? Till fairly recently superseded major generals stayed in the army even after their course-mates promoted to lieutenant generals rank eventually retired. This travesty has only been corrected partially by having major generals retire simultaneously with their lieutenant general course-mates.
The present system is an inheritance of two centuries ago, it is not only illogical and incorrect, why subscribe to something that militates against human nature? Unless we abandon the practices of the 19th century, choosing pragmatism over tradition, how does one hope to create the military mindset necessary for the coming battles of the 21st century?
The writer is a defence and political
analyst. Email: isehgal@pathfinder9.com
19th-century mindset