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It's started: Robot Uprising Begins as China Turns to Machines to Fill in Gaps in the Workforce

The Rise of China’s Medical Robotics Sector
by Siao Tin Soh
Health & Medicine December 22, 2016


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An emerging need

China’s once abundant labor force has contributed to the country’s astonishing economic success in recent decades. But in the coming decades, the percentage of retirees relative to workers is likely to increase substantially. According the People’s Daily, by 2050 China’s senior citizen population (over 60s) will grow to more than 30% of the total population, up from about 12% today. To meet the growing healthcare needs of the increasingly aging population, a number of medical robotics firms in China were recently founded and are starting to bring their products to the market.

According to a report by GCiS in 2016, the Chinese medical robots market is valued at RMB 791million, up 34.4% from 2015. By 2021, the medical robot sector is projected to grow to at least RMB 2.2billion. From surgical to rehabilitation and homecare, robots look set to transform parts of the nation’s healthcare industry. Robots will reshape secondary care, tertiary care, even primary, home and community care. Already, surgical robots are assisting the nation’s surgeons in some high-end hospitals, and accomplishing more precise, less invasive procedures. And the sales of rehabilitation robots have boomed as hospitals improve their rehabilitation units (in keeping with government policy). But the medical robots industry in China is still emerging, with many domestic players still in the product development and clinical testing stage.

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Distinct applications

Medical robots are used by Chinese hospitals and healthcare providers in a variety of specialized fields such as surgery, rehabilitation and drug delivery.

Surgery: In operating theaters, robotic systems are used in both soft and hard tissue surgeries. These robots, while not yet autonomous, greatly enhance the capabilities of surgeons, allowing the surgery to be done with greater precision, using smaller incisions resulting in less blood loss and quicker healing time. They also enable remote surgeries.

Rehabilitation: Rehabilitation robots assist in therapeutic training and assessing the sensorimotor performance of the patient. Therapy based robots are used to increase the efficacy of the therapist’s work given that exact measurements are now possible through sensor technology. This will allow the therapist to better gauge the improvements or decline of a patient’s progress, saving time in the process.

Drug delivery: In terms of drug delivery, IV robots are used to automatically prepare IV syringes and bags, minimizing pharmacy errors. IV robots can also help reduce employee exposure to hazardous materials (e.g. chemotherapy) and enhance safety.

Overall, applications of medical robots across all 3 areas are on the rise. Specifically, rehabilitation is likely to experience significant growth over the next 5 years. This is due to both social and policy driven factors; emphasis on building physical therapy units in China’s community hospitals; and expanding medical insurance to cover rehabilitative care, etc. On the other hand, for surgical robots, demand is likely to come mainly from the niche group of wealthier Chinese patients who can afford the pricey procedures. This is because robotic surgery is not only costly, but is not covered by insurance. Even though the launch of domestic versions of surgical robots could bring down the price somewhat, it is still unlikely that the use of surgical robots will become widespread in the next 3-5 years.

Up and Coming Chinese Firms

According to GCiS’ research, there are fewer than 20 active manufacturers of medical robots in China currently. But there are, at minimum, half a dozen emerging companies still at the product development or clinical testing stage, and many with a clinically tested products pending China’s Food and Drug Administration’s (CFDA) approval. I have identified 5 of these firms that deserve particular attention:

Chongqing Jinshan Science and Technology (金山科技(集团)有限公司) is a private Chinese company founded in 1998, with manufacturing capabilities in a range of gastrointestinal medical devices. Based in Chongqing, the company is traditionally a manufacturer of capsule endoscopes. Capsule endoscopes are pill sized cameras that records images of the digestive tract, particularly in hard to reach areas like the small intestines. In 2004, Chongqing Jinshan launched its first capsule endoscope product and, later in 2008, the capsule received US FDA approval and the CE mark.

n recent years, the company has started various R&D projects, developing medical robots including the OMOM minimally invasive surgical robot system which will go into clinical testing stage soon. They have also made the OMOM capsule robot, which is an enhanced version of the previous capsule endoscope. Unlike its previous model, this new capsule robot is said to have the potential to achieve active propulsion. This would mean that doctors can now control the motion and direction of the capsule, to enable better views of the affected areas and greatly improve diagnostic capabilities. Apart from motion control, the capsule will also come with silicon micro pumps (for drug delivery and simple biopsy) technology. These new functions will be built on existing capabilities like MEMS, and imported technologies like IBM’s DB2 database server.

Beijing Tinavi (北京天智航医疗科技股份有限公司) is a company listed on China’s National Equities Exchange Quotation (NEEQ). Backed by China’s Ministry of Science, the Beijing Government and the Chinese Academy of Science, Tinavi is a manufacturer of robotic guided systems designed for orthopedic surgeries. In 2010, it was the first Chinese company to be awarded the CFDA permit to manufacture its first generation orthopedic robot. Tinavi’s orthopedic robots have been installed in more than 10 Chinese hospitals, and have completed around 2000 surgeries since 2010. Tinavi’s GD-2000 model is now selling at RMB 5.4 Mn. According to GCiS, the company is growing at a rate of 150%. Its newest medical robot, Phecda (designed for minimally invasive spinal surgeries) is still pending CFDA’s approval in 2016.

Tivani-orthopedic-medical-robot.jpg

Beijing Bohuiweikang Technology (北京柏惠维康科技有限公司) was founded in August 2010 by Professor Liu Da to commercialize the Remebot system. Remebot is a stereotactic neurosurgery robot system comprising of a six axis robotic arms, and a CT/MRI compatible visual imaging system which will enable surgeons to perform more accurate and less invasive neurosurgical procedures. Remebot was developed by Professor Wang Tianmiao and his team at Beihang University in 1998. Even though Remebot completed its clinical testing and the first telesurgery in early 2000s, the technology did not reach the commercialization stage earlier due to a lack of funding and disputed IP issues. In 2015, CFDA received its application for a manufacturing permit to allow the company to manufacture and issue the 6th generation Remebot system, which is estimated to be completed by end 2016 or early 2017.

Midea-Yaskawa (广东美的安川服务机器人有限公司), is a joint venture company by Midea (one of China’s leading appliance companies) and Yaskawa (Japanese industrial robot company). In August 2015, these two companies announced that they will be setting up a joint venture in China to produce a range of nursing care and rehabilitation robots for the domestic market. In March 2016, this joint venture was officially set up in Guangdong Shunde. This JV will oversee the product development, manufacturing and sales of Midea/Yaskawa’s robots in China. In the initial stages, it is likely that this company will front the sale of Yaskawa’s existing product lines like the LR2 Lower Limb Physical Therapy robot launched by Yaskawa earlier in 2014. Other possible products could also include Yaskawa’s Rewalk exoskeleton suit and ankle walking assistive device. Depending on the approval of China’s FDA, some reports estimate that these products might be available sometime in 2017.

Yasakawa-lower-limb-rehabilitation.jpg

With Midea’s strong distribution and sales networks in China, it would not be surprising to see such rehabilitation robots in the consumer markets soon. Midea’s move into the rehabilitation robots industry may signal the impending growth in homecare robots, like robotic prosthesis and home telepresence robots for the growing elderly population.

Shenzhen Sanggu (深圳市桑谷医疗机器人有限公司) is a subsidiary of the Chinese company Silver Star Group. Founded in 2003, Sanggu develops and supplies intravenous infusion monitoring systems and intravenous robots. Its IV robots were launched in China in mid 2016 and, within just 6 months, around 50 units were sold. Sanggu’s IV robots are used by pharmacy nurses in the preparation of medication meant for intravenous infusion, including the medication for oncology and chemotherapy. With such IV robots, medical staff no longer have to be exposed to the dangerous concoction of chemotherapy medications. They can now operate this IV robot system remotely and work outcomes can be completed with better efficiency and less wastage. The company is now rapidly ramping up its plant capacity to deal with the growing demand.

Read the full article at http://robohub.org/the-rise-of-chinas-medical-robotics-sector/
 
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Chinese Factory Replaces 90% Of Human Workers With Robots, Sees 250% Production Increase
News · Sci & Tech By Brianna Acuesta
Posted on January 20, 2017


What does it mean for human workers?

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Image Credit: China Daily

One of China’s first unmanned factories in the city of Dongguan recently replaced 590 of its workers with robots and the results were astounding. While the factory used to be run by 650 employees, only 60 of those people still work at the factory and their primary job is to make sure the machines are running properly, not working on manufacturing.

The Changying Precision Technology Company focuses on the production of mobile phones and uses automated production lines. The robotic arms produce certain parts of the mobile phones at each station and the factory even makes use of autonomous transport trucks.

Though 60 is a shocking amount of people to be running and monitoring a whole factory, the trial for the robots is going so well that the general manager, Luo Weiqiang, said that the number of human employees may even drop to 20 someday.

Since the shift to robots, pieces per person per month has risen from 8,000 to 21,000—a whopping 250% increase. While some may argue that quality of the product will decrease with the use of robots, this doesn’t appear to be the case either. The number of product defects has decreased from 25% to just 5%.

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Credit: Imaginechina/Corbis

This company isn’t the only one to make the change from humans to robots, especially not in China where the Made In China 2025 initiative aims to apply technological advances to production, which includes using robotics.

It’s unclear what this shift means for factory workers in the nation, but it’s not looking positive for those demanding fair working conditions and wages. The change to robotics comes at a time when the climate around factory workers is becoming volatile, even inciting strikes in several different areas. While quality and production are great for those purchasing the products, humans need jobs and they deserve to work in a humane environment. As more robots take the place of human factory workers, one can only hope that those workers turn to a more stable job where they can’t be replaced and they aren’t mistreated.

http://www.trueactivist.com/chinese...ers-with-robots-sees-250-production-increase/
 
Humans are obsolete, we should just submit to our new robo-masters and become slaves for their entertainment.
 
Humans are obsolete, we should just submit to our new robo-masters and become slaves for their entertainment.
Let's make all of us human beings play online games/watch movies the whole day while the robots are working.
 
Let's make all of us human beings play online games/watch movies the whole day while the robots are working.

No I want to live out my weird fantasies as a slave for an android Anime character.
 
http://www.manmonthly.com.au/features/dawn-new-industrial-era-smart-factory/
The dawn of the new industrial era with the smart factory
January 30, 2017Features
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Over the past few decades, the manufacturing industry has undergone numerous major upheavals.

Right now, we are witnessing the dawning of the next era with Industry 4.0, boosted in Asia by China’s recently announced China 2020 vision, in which they outlined plans to adopt new technologies and industries, marking a shift away from traditional manufacturing, writes Brian S. Brickhouse, President, Electrical Sector – Asia-Pacific Region, Eaton.

According to Eaton research on the machinery OEM segment, the global market for industrial automation is expected to grow at 5.5 per cent CAGR to reach US$210 billion by 2017.

This phenomenon is fast gaining traction, and it would be foolish not to carefully observe its development and re-assess existing strategies to fully capitalise on this new phase of manufacturing.

The importance of Industry 4.0

The way we do business has transformed. Disruptive business models and technology now have the power to make or break a company. In a way, constant change is now forcing businesses to “disrupt or be disrupted”.

Like what the smartphone did to Nokia, and what Uber is doing to the taxi industry, Industry 4.0 can similarly render obsolete the company that doesn’t innovate and keep pace. Industry 4.0 looks set to completely revolutionise the manufacturing industry through digitisation and automation.

Global consulting firm McKinsey & Company identified four drivers of this revolution: a rise in data volumes and connectivity, the emergence of analytics and business-intelligence capabilities, new forms of human-machine interaction such as touch interfaces, and improvements in transferring digital information to the physical world through technology like 3D printing and information modelling.

Big data and analytics can significantly increase productivity and quality in manufacturing, while the digitisation of the physical world can drive collaboration and interoperability.

Automation not only increases efficiency, but also serves to reduce the risk of human error and eliminate mundane tasks, ultimately driving the up-skilling of the manufacturing workforce.

In the past, elements in the industrial value chain such as design, planning and engineering were each implemented separately.

In the age of Industry 4.0, new technology is bringing these elements together to work more seamlessly than ever.

Big data in manufacturing

The hype behind the Internet of Things (IoT) is massive, and for good reason. IoT gives a digital voice to machines, enabling them to communicate with each other about their position, condition, temperature, etc.

By leveraging these systems and optimising data flow between elements, companies can increase productivity, make operations transparent and minimise risk by making dynamic environments more predictable.

Digitising manufacturing processes through IoT technology gives us access to information and data about our operations that we never before had.

From this data, we can mine meaningful insights about our processes, identify issues such degradation or component wear, and gain greater transparency.

By bridging the gaps between our physical world and the digital one, we can engage and interact with our manufacturing operations more seamlessly and intuitively.

The data can be translated to optimise factory processes and eliminate any areas of wastage or inefficiency, ultimately resulting in tangible businesses benefits. Energy efficiency in the smart factory

For instance, energy efficiency is one of machine owners’ greatest challenges today, given rising energy bills and increasingly stringent regulatory requirements.

Solutions that enable our customers to save energy, both in their machines as well as in their manufacturing facilities, will take center stage.

Energy efficiency can be achieved through energy measurement in manufacturing, which can help in identifying areas where energy could be saved.

Technology such as Eaton’s Lean Power solution can deliver data in real time from the controller to the actuator/sensor, making all data related to electricity and energy consumption available to the entire machine and individual actuators.

This information can be used on plants and machinery to optimise energy consumption, carry out preventative diagnostics and optimize processes.

New challenges of the smart factory In the smart factory of today, many processes in manufacturing have been automated to reduce the level of human participation, and thereby error.

Future machines will be smarter, so we need to have more intelligent devices within these machines, making decisions on their own.

One of Eaton’s top three solutions in the manufacturing segment, the SmartWire devices, enables businesses to adapt.

The factory of today

With the cost of labor rising in China today, manufacturers are seeking for more efficient way to improve their productivity and efficiency.

Revolutionary products like Eaton’s SmartWire-DT can cut wiring efforts by 70 per cent to achieve greater transparency and minimise downtime and manpower.

This solution was adopted by in China Zoomlion, one of the largest manufacturers of construction solutions. Smart devices are the key to powering a Smart Factory.

This is especially relevant in Asian markets, which focus on high-end machinery OEM customers with complex machinery.

To fully reap the benefits of automation in manufacturing, the industry must use smart technology and equipment strategically to reduce the complications arising from the implementation of such complex machinery, and the issues associated with these new systems.

New energy companies such as solar and wind power providers, which are gaining traction fast in energy-hungry China, rely on such high-end machinery.

A device like Eaton’s solar inverter solution can reduce the maintenance cost associated with such equipment.

By improving the overall reliability and efficiency of these machines, smart devices have positioned themselves as an integral part of the manufacturing industry’s evolution.

Harnessing the potential of Industry 4.0 So what are the next steps for manufacturers to take?

First and foremost, it is to advocate a digital mindset shift in the organisation. Industry 4.0 is not a particular technology, or system, but rather an approach to doing business.

The next is to fully integrate automation into business strategies in order to realise its maximum potential.

Automation cannot merely be an afterthought, but must be recognised as a legitimate business model that will help your organisation stay relevant with the advent of Industry 4.0.

Lastly, acknowledge the importance of acquiring talent in this field, who can be the ambassadors of Industry 4.0 and lead the charge within the organisation.

Empowering employees with smart infrastructure and access to data will drive them embrace an enduring culture of productivity and innovation.

In taking a proactive stance to the evolution of the manufacturing industry, manufacturers can lead rather than follow the Industry 4.0 phenomenon
 
Chinese AI robot stumps human competitor on quiz show

(People's Daily Online) February 07, 2017

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1

[File photo]

A Chinese AI robot has emerged the victor in a popular quiz show, in which contestants’ knowledge of a wide range of fields is put to the test.

The robot, Wangzai, comes in an appealing package, which offers simulated facial expressions and a wide scope of knowledge. Wangzai was designed by China’s search engine giant Sogou, and defeated a Harvard graduate in Yi Zhan Dao Di, "Who’s Still Standing?" The robot demonstrated its quasi-human intelligence, including its ability to comprehend and respond to questions both swiftly and accurately.

Using Sogou’s powerful search engine, Wangzai can retrieve information and conduct independent analysis. Its deduction capability allows it to find the right answer within milliseconds, media reported.

This is not the first time that Chinese AI robots have bested their human counterparts. In January, Xiaodu, Baidu’s AI robot, defeated human competitors in a series of complex trials involving facial and voice recognition.

Chinese tech companies have shifted their focus to AI in recent years, becoming a leading power in the field. According to a report released by the World Internet Conference in 2016, AI has attracted $2.6 billion of investment in China.
 
Let's make all of us human beings play online games/watch movies the whole day while the robots are working.
Awesome! Now we can play dota 2, with way more people!

but there should be an alternate source of income for , the labor that just lost their jobs. May be they can join services sector , I hear that's the next best thing in chinese economy.
 
http://nextshark.com/kunshun-factory-robots-replace-humans/
Chinese Factory Replaces 90% Of Its Workers With Robots, Productivity Increases 250%

ByCarl Samson
Posted onFebruary 6, 2017

15572646535_9219e74f0f_k-e1486430335547.jpg



A factory in Dongguan, China, does not regret laying off almost all of its people in favor of artificial intelligence.

Changying Precision Technology Company replaced 590 human workers, or 90% of its workforce, with robots. What used to be manned by 650 people is now run by a dismal 60, primarily tasked to oversee that the machines perform in optimum conditions.

Following the move, the company, which focuses on mobile phone production, saw pieces per person per month skyrocket from 8,000 to 21,000, Monetary Watch said. That’s a productivity increase of 250%. There’s also the added fact that the robots were still on trial.

Interestingly, defects were also down from 25% to 5%, suggesting that artificial intelligence is less prone to committing errors.

Impressed by the robots’ performance, General Manager Luo Weiqiang predicted that their human employees could be trimmed further to 20.

News on robots taking jobs in China isn’t entirely new. Last year, iPhone maker Foxconn fired 60,000 employees to make way for AI. In total, some 600 companies in Kunshan — the heart of China’s electronics industry — alone expressed plans to eliminate thousands of human workers to conserve labor costs.
 
I predict that if this trend continues then we will all be more or less jobless in the next few decades.8-)
But then again we will have much time to pursue creative activities as state will provide for our existence.:-)
 
I predict that if this trend continues then we will all be more or less jobless in the next few decades.8-)
But then again we will have much time to pursue creative activities as state will provide for our existence.:-)
During every transition of technological revolution, old jobs are gone, new jobs will be created!
The critical issue is getting fully prepared for it and for the incoming surge of new jobs.
 
http://nextshark.com/kunshun-factory-robots-replace-humans/
Chinese Factory Replaces 90% Of Its Workers With Robots, Productivity Increases 250%

ByCarl Samson
Posted onFebruary 6, 2017

15572646535_9219e74f0f_k-e1486430335547.jpg



A factory in Dongguan, China, does not regret laying off almost all of its people in favor of artificial intelligence.

Changying Precision Technology Company replaced 590 human workers, or 90% of its workforce, with robots. What used to be manned by 650 people is now run by a dismal 60, primarily tasked to oversee that the machines perform in optimum conditions.

Following the move, the company, which focuses on mobile phone production, saw pieces per person per month skyrocket from 8,000 to 21,000, Monetary Watch said. That’s a productivity increase of 250%. There’s also the added fact that the robots were still on trial.

Interestingly, defects were also down from 25% to 5%, suggesting that artificial intelligence is less prone to committing errors.

Impressed by the robots’ performance, General Manager Luo Weiqiang predicted that their human employees could be trimmed further to 20.

News on robots taking jobs in China isn’t entirely new. Last year, iPhone maker Foxconn fired 60,000 employees to make way for AI. In total, some 600 companies in Kunshan — the heart of China’s electronics industry — alone expressed plans to eliminate thousands of human workers to conserve labor costs.

Good development. This is all part of industrialization.
 
China's medical robots take on foreign rivals
(China Daily) 08:25, February 13, 2017



A doctor uses Phecda, a surgical robot developed by Tinavi, to do orthopedic surgery in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital in 2016. PROVIDED TO CHINADAILY

Domestic entries are competing on precision, price

Surgeon Tian Wei came across one of the most challenging orthopedic surgeries in his 30-year career in 2015. A 43-year-old patient had complained of progressive numbness in the limbs on his right side for 14 months, caused by a deformity in his upper cervical vertebrae.

The patient was in dire need of surgery to implant a screw to help support his neck bone, but the operation was risky. Any minor mistake could lead to paralysis or a life-threatening hemorrhage. Many hospitals were unwilling to treat him.

But Tian, who also is president of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, decided to do the surgery — with a little help from another "surgeon".

The operation was completed in an hour with help from Phecda, a surgery robot with a 3-D high-definition visual system that can "see" the internal orthopedic structure and a "hand" that can guide medical tools to the proper location within 0.8 millimeters.

Developed by Beijing Tinavi Medical Technology Co with the help of Jishuitan Hospital, Phecda is part of the broad effort by Chinese companies to outcompete foreign rivals just as the country's use of medical robots is set to take off, thanks in part to an aging population.

Medical robots are highlighted in the country's Made in China 2025 strategy, which was designed to promote high-end manufacturing.

"That was the world's first robot-assisted surgery on upper cervical vertebrae," Tian said, describing the 2015 clinical trial. "Phecda is more precise than foreign products and its cost is lower."

Phecda, which is the third-generation surgery robot developed by Tinavi, is ready to be commercialized this year after obtaining approval from the China Food and Drug Administration in July.

Chinese medical robot-makers like Tinavi are working hard to outshine foreign companies in both price and quality as they benefit from ample demand, strong policy support and manufacturing prowess, company executives and experts said.

By 2050, more than 400 million Chinese will be over 60 years old, accounting for more than 30 percent of the population, up from about 11 percent now, official data show.

"The growing number of senior citizens will offer a sizable quantity of clinical cases, and enterprises can leverage a huge database to accelerate research and development," said Zhang Songgen, chairman of Tinavi.

In April, China unveiled its plan to sell more than 30 billion yuan ($4.4 billion) worth of domestic service robots by 2020. Medical robots are an important part of the ambitious goal, Zhang said.

FOREIGN201702130825000040165637747.jpg


A patient walks with the help of a rehabilitation robot in a hospitalin Xiangyang, Hubei province, in 2016. YANG DONG / FOR CHINA DAILY

In 2016, China's medical robotics market was valued at 791 million yuan, up 34.4 percent from 2015, according to a report by the Beijing-based research company GCiS.

"From surgery, rehabilitation, drug delivery to home care, robots are set to transform China's healthcare industry, " GCiS predicted.

In addition to Tinavi, whose robots have completed around 2,000 surgeries since 2010, there are many new players.

One of them is Chongqing Jinshan Science and Technology. The company started as a maker of capsule endoscopes, or pill-sized cameras that record images of the digestive tract. Its products, approved by US medical authorities in 2008, are available in over 60 countries.

Jinshan has become partners with the well-regarded Harbin Institute of Technology on the country's first minimally invasive surgical robot for thoracic and celiac diseases. It is scheduled to go into clinical testing soon.

"China's medical robot sector is still in its infancy. But homegrown enterprises and universities are more united than ever in the R&D of core technologies. They are narrowing the gap with foreign leaders such as US company Intuitive Surgical's da Vinci surgery robot," said Guo Xuan, deputy director of Beijing-based Yizhuang Smart Robotics Industry Research Institute. Strong policy support has helped, Guo said.

Yu Shaoyu, a government official in charge of attracting high-tech enterprises to Wuxi, Jiangsu province, said, "We have set up an industry fund to encourage medical robot- makers, and will offer them a slate of preferential policies, including rent rebates and help in intellectual property applications."

Public hospitals are also encouraged to play an active part. China PLA Navy General Hospital has developed the neurosurgical robot Remebot through a partnership with Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

"It is very important to win support from hospitals because they are the buyers of most medical robots and know exactly what is needed," said Luo Jun, CEO of the International Robotics and Intelligent Equipment Industry Alliance.

The field is so promising that Midea Group, a major Chinese home appliances maker, also has joined in. It set up a joint venture in 2015 with Yaskawa Electric Corp, a Japanese robot maker, to develop nursing care and rehabilitation robots.

***

In medical robotics, Japan is the present gold standard. No wonder another Confucius-sphere peer, China, catches up fast.
 
China's medical robots take on foreign rivals
(China Daily) 08:25, February 13, 2017



A doctor uses Phecda, a surgical robot developed by Tinavi, to do orthopedic surgery in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital in 2016. PROVIDED TO CHINADAILY

Domestic entries are competing on precision, price

Surgeon Tian Wei came across one of the most challenging orthopedic surgeries in his 30-year career in 2015. A 43-year-old patient had complained of progressive numbness in the limbs on his right side for 14 months, caused by a deformity in his upper cervical vertebrae.

The patient was in dire need of surgery to implant a screw to help support his neck bone, but the operation was risky. Any minor mistake could lead to paralysis or a life-threatening hemorrhage. Many hospitals were unwilling to treat him.

But Tian, who also is president of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, decided to do the surgery — with a little help from another "surgeon".

The operation was completed in an hour with help from Phecda, a surgery robot with a 3-D high-definition visual system that can "see" the internal orthopedic structure and a "hand" that can guide medical tools to the proper location within 0.8 millimeters.

Developed by Beijing Tinavi Medical Technology Co with the help of Jishuitan Hospital, Phecda is part of the broad effort by Chinese companies to outcompete foreign rivals just as the country's use of medical robots is set to take off, thanks in part to an aging population.

Medical robots are highlighted in the country's Made in China 2025 strategy, which was designed to promote high-end manufacturing.

"That was the world's first robot-assisted surgery on upper cervical vertebrae," Tian said, describing the 2015 clinical trial. "Phecda is more precise than foreign products and its cost is lower."

Phecda, which is the third-generation surgery robot developed by Tinavi, is ready to be commercialized this year after obtaining approval from the China Food and Drug Administration in July.

Chinese medical robot-makers like Tinavi are working hard to outshine foreign companies in both price and quality as they benefit from ample demand, strong policy support and manufacturing prowess, company executives and experts said.

By 2050, more than 400 million Chinese will be over 60 years old, accounting for more than 30 percent of the population, up from about 11 percent now, official data show.

"The growing number of senior citizens will offer a sizable quantity of clinical cases, and enterprises can leverage a huge database to accelerate research and development," said Zhang Songgen, chairman of Tinavi.

In April, China unveiled its plan to sell more than 30 billion yuan ($4.4 billion) worth of domestic service robots by 2020. Medical robots are an important part of the ambitious goal, Zhang said.

FOREIGN201702130825000040165637747.jpg


A patient walks with the help of a rehabilitation robot in a hospitalin Xiangyang, Hubei province, in 2016. YANG DONG / FOR CHINA DAILY

In 2016, China's medical robotics market was valued at 791 million yuan, up 34.4 percent from 2015, according to a report by the Beijing-based research company GCiS.

"From surgery, rehabilitation, drug delivery to home care, robots are set to transform China's healthcare industry, " GCiS predicted.

In addition to Tinavi, whose robots have completed around 2,000 surgeries since 2010, there are many new players.

One of them is Chongqing Jinshan Science and Technology. The company started as a maker of capsule endoscopes, or pill-sized cameras that record images of the digestive tract. Its products, approved by US medical authorities in 2008, are available in over 60 countries.

Jinshan has become partners with the well-regarded Harbin Institute of Technology on the country's first minimally invasive surgical robot for thoracic and celiac diseases. It is scheduled to go into clinical testing soon.

"China's medical robot sector is still in its infancy. But homegrown enterprises and universities are more united than ever in the R&D of core technologies. They are narrowing the gap with foreign leaders such as US company Intuitive Surgical's da Vinci surgery robot," said Guo Xuan, deputy director of Beijing-based Yizhuang Smart Robotics Industry Research Institute. Strong policy support has helped, Guo said.

Yu Shaoyu, a government official in charge of attracting high-tech enterprises to Wuxi, Jiangsu province, said, "We have set up an industry fund to encourage medical robot- makers, and will offer them a slate of preferential policies, including rent rebates and help in intellectual property applications."

Public hospitals are also encouraged to play an active part. China PLA Navy General Hospital has developed the neurosurgical robot Remebot through a partnership with Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

"It is very important to win support from hospitals because they are the buyers of most medical robots and know exactly what is needed," said Luo Jun, CEO of the International Robotics and Intelligent Equipment Industry Alliance.

The field is so promising that Midea Group, a major Chinese home appliances maker, also has joined in. It set up a joint venture in 2015 with Yaskawa Electric Corp, a Japanese robot maker, to develop nursing care and rehabilitation robots.

***

In medical robotics, Japan is the present gold standard. No wonder another Confucius-sphere peer, China, catches up fast.
This is what we'd like to hear in the ongoing technological revolution. Instead of bitching about how dangerous robots are to a nation's employment, we should be fully focused on how to keep the trend at our side and let the new techs stand in our national interests.
 
This is awesome news....!! Da Vinci costs a fortune....with Chinese coming into this field it's good for surgeons from developing countries as they have a chance to use cutting edge technology at a reasonable prices!!
 

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