Indian Space Capabilities

[Mirza Jatt]

It a great news..Indian space research scientists are really amazing....just concerned what problem does Us has from this ?? Anyways...good to know that India becoming a big player in this league as well..just think why cant we become superpower very soon.

 

[durgs360]

Go India Go !! May this mission be a success ! May ISRO match NASA

 

[jha]

GSLV-D3 ready for launch on April 15

CHENNAI: There is an air of expectancy at Sriharikota even as the Geo-synchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV-D3) stands gleaming in off-white and grey on the beachside launch pad of the island. It was fitted together at the towering Vehicle Assembly Building and moved to the pad on April 7. The vehicle, 49 metres tall and weighing 419 tonnes, was married up with the satellite GSAT-4 earlier. When the vehicle lifts off at 4.27 p.m. on April 15, it will be a major riposte to the United States' technology denial tactics.

“Crucial mission”

“The vehicle has been assembled and is ready for the launch,” Mission Director G. Ravindranath told journalists at the spaceport on Friday. He called it “a crucial mission because we are flying our own cryogenic stage for the first time in this flight.” It was “the most reviewed vehicle” and the result of “our efforts of the last 19 years. We started in 1991 and we have reached this stage despite technology denials.”

The entire flight from lift-off will last 1,022 seconds. Of this duration, the indigenous cryogenic engine alone will fire for 720 seconds. At the end of 1,022 seconds, the cryogenic engine will catapult the communication satellite GSAT-4 into the orbit at a velocity of 10.2 km a second. It will be a geo-synchronous transfer orbit (GTO) with a perigee of 170 km and an apogee of 36,000 km.

The cryogenic stage was built at the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC), Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu. Cryogenic engines are crucial for putting communication satellites weighing more than two tonnes into a GTO. Cryogenic technology involves the use of liquid oxygen at minus 183 degrees Celsius and liquid hydrogen at minus 253 degrees Celsius.

Mohammed Muslim, Project Director, Cryogenic Upper Stage Project (CUSP), said the cryogenic technology was the most complex one to be developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). “It has taken us 15 years to achieve this. It is normal time for any country and we are the sixth country to acquire this technology [after the U.S., Russia, Europe, Japan and China]. This is a highly guarded technology.” The ISRO had not taken chances with this mission and “the vehicle has been reviewed and checked point by point any number of times,” he said.

The ISRO built the cryogenic engine from scratch after the U.S. pressured Russia in April 1992 and July 1993 into agreeing not to sell cryogenic technology to India. In January 1991, India and the erstwhile Soviet Union had reached an agreement, under which the Soviet space agency, Glavkosmos, would sell cryogenic stages and transfer the cryogenic technology to India.

Goes back on pact

Under U.S. pressure, Russia in July 1993 went back on its agreement to transfer the cryogenic technology. In lieu of the technology, it agreed to sell two additional cryogenic stages to India. The last five flights of the GSLV from Sriharikota were powered by the Russian cryogenic stages. A cryogenic stage includes the engine, propellant tanks, motor casing and wiring.

Mr. Ravindranath said it took the ISRO all these years to develop the cryogenic technology because it had to develop special materials.

(At very low temperatures of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen, metals become brittle. The ISRO, therefore, had to develop new alloys, new welding techniques and new types of lubricants).

7-year mission life

Satellite Director M. Nageswara Rao said GSAT-4 would have a mission life of seven years. One of the payloads would help passenger aircraft land accurately despite poor visibility.

:: Bharat-Rakshak.com - Indian Military News Headlines ::

 

[shaktiman2010]

Congrats to everyone at ISRO behind these gigantic efforts.

Access to space is a right of every mankind. It can't remain in hands of a few.

Long way to go, India !

 

[Join]

looking for the successful launch of a rocket which is powered by our own engine, We would be the 6th country to do so....

 

[gowthamraj]

good luck ISRO. achive this great milestone

 

[Choppers]

IAF wants national policy on aerospace technology​

Sat, Apr 10 07:10 PM

Bangalore, April 10 (IANS) The Indian Air Force (IAF) has called for a national policy on aerospace technology to achieve self-reliance in producing indigenous aircraft and support systems for military and civilian operations, a senior official said Saturday.

'It's high time a national policy on aerospace technology is put on a fast track to achieve self-reliance in the sector and scale up manufacturing various types of aircraft for military and civilian operations, with greater involvement of the private sector,' IAF Vice Chief Air Marshal Pranab Kumar Barbora said here at a national convention on aeronautical technologies.

Regretting that India missed out in developing middle level technologies post-independence, Barbora said though the manufacturing sector was able to produce a passenger car (Landmaster/Ambassador) in 1960s and achieved near self-reliance in space technology in the subsequent decades, the absence of any development in the aerospace industry had created a void.

'Though we are a major economic power to reckon with in South Asia, we have not leveraged it to bargain for greater access to aerospace technologies or attracting overseas investment through joint ventures to develop our state-run or private industry,' Barbora told about 700 delegates participating in the two-day convention.

The event, Frontiers of Aeronautical Technologies, is organised by the Aeronautical Society of India (ASI).

Noting that there was no dearth of brains to achieve self-reliance in aerospace technologies and aviation operations, the officer said the government should invest in research and development (R&D) and manufacturing by the private sector as it had been doing for the defence public sector undertakings.

'The role of aerospace industry is not limited to meeting defence needs but to civilian applications (also) as the aviation sector plays a vital role in the economic growth of the country. While China produced an entire Airbus, some of our state-run firms like Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd (HAL) supply only doors or under carriage for passenger jets,' Barbora lamented.

Pointing out that indigenisation was not happening at the pace it should have for speeding up self-reliance, Barbora said the country was lagging behind in completing projects like the Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) or Kaveri engine even two decades after they were taken up.

'The government must encourage the private sector by assuring firm orders to recover investments made in developing the technologies and products. Ban on defence exports by the private sector should be lifted to ensure the industry attracts more entrepreneurs, explore joint ventures with overseas firms and secure technology transfers,' Barbora pointed out.

Admitting developing sophisticated aerospace technologies takes longer time, Barbora said a sound national policy would enable the stakeholders to work in a time frame and deliver the equipment required for the armed forces, especially the IAF, which was spending billions of dollars in buying aircraft and spare parts from global aerospace majors.

'If we don't produce in time, others will take advantage of our delays and sell their products to us. The Indian aerospace industry should not only produce for defence and civil aviation sectors, but also to export,' Barbora said, adding Pakistan exports more than India does.

:: Bharat-Rakshak.com - Indian Military News Headlines ::

 

[shaktiman2010]

Noting that there was no dearth of brains to achieve self-reliance in aerospace technologies and aviation operations, the officer said the government should invest in research and development (R&D) and manufacturing by the private sector as it had been doing for the defence public sector undertakings.

'The role of aerospace industry is not limited to meeting defence needs but to civilian applications (also) as the aviation sector plays a vital role in the economic growth of the country. While China produced an entire Airbus, some of our state-run firms like Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd (HAL) supply only doors or under carriage for passenger jets,' Barbora lamented.

These are words of Indian Airforce(IAF) Chief. So now, its proven that China has beaten India in aviation R&D.

I am sure many of my high-headed colleagues here will find it difficult to admit this. Now even, Boeing has decided to open a full Boeing factory in China.

Its time for us Indians to open eyes and come out of "we are IT superpower" dreams and admit reality.

Better we get humble and admit reality, good for us. Indians should not be embarrassed to admit that China has beaten us in Scientific development. There is nothing wrong in admitting that.

Brave people admit their weakness and work on it, while arrogant people hide it because they are weak inside.

IAF finally got one brave guy leading it at front.

Admitting developing sophisticated aerospace technologies takes longer time, Barbora said a sound national policy would enable the stakeholders to work in a time frame and deliver the equipment required for the armed forces, especially the IAF, which was spending billions of dollars in buying aircraft and spare parts from global aerospace majors.

'If we don't produce in time, others will take advantage of our delays and sell their products to us. The Indian aerospace industry should not only produce for defence and civil aviation sectors, but also to export,' Barbora said, adding Pakistan exports more than India does.

Finally, some honest speech from IAF officer, who has the guts to confess the blunders of his past officers. Otherwise, we only hear "please speed up imports. We will die otherwise."

Now I am convinced that Indian aerospace sector will improve massively in next 10 years, if this guy remains in chair for atleast 5 years.

 

[ramu]

Shaktiman, This is known for ages but let me tell you the problem.

DRDO Scientist 2010 Recruitment

Introduction
Defense Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) works under Department of Defense Research & Development of Ministry of Defense. To developing Defense technologies Defense Research and Development Organisation have 51 laboratories. The DRDO have about 5,000 scientists and about 25,000 other scientific, technical staff. The DRDO’s headquarter is in New Delhi India. DRDO covering various Defense technologies such as engineering systems, instrumentation, missiles, advanced computing and simulation, aeronautics, armaments, electronics, combat vehicles etc.
Defense Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) Recruitment and Assessment Centre (RAC)
Recruitment and Assessment Centre was Established in 1985 after getting exemption from the purview of Union Public Service Commission provides various recruitment.
The Recruitment and Assessment Centre promotes 1000 scientists each year in variety of scientific and engineering disciplines.
Jobs in Defense Research and Development Organisation
Defense Research and Development Organisation invites application for Group ‘C’ & ‘D’ posts for laboratories/ establishments through DRDO Scientist Entry Test -2009.

Posts: 236 posts in various trades
Pay scale

PB-3 Rs.15600-39100 Grade Pay Rs.5400

Do you seriously think DRDO will attract the best with this pay pack ?

India has to become an economic superpower before it can become self reliant in defence. R&D => huge investment by DRDO, HAL, BHEL, BE, L&T, TATA, ADA and NAL other leading manufactures.

 

[Choppers]

Launch of first satellite for Indian Regional Navigation Satellite system next year​

S. ANANDAN
SRIHARIKOTA, April 10, 2010

The project is the Indian counterpart of the Global Positioning system.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) intends to launch the first in a constellation of seven satellites envisaged for the ambitious Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) project, GPS' Indian counterpart, by the end of next year.

“The subsystems [of the satellite] are under various stages of fabrication at ISRO's centres. At least four such satellites [each with a life in excess of seven years] are required to make it operational. After launching the first satellite using a PSLV in the last quarter of 2011, periodic launches would take place every six months. Which means by 2014, we would have the IRNSS optimally functional,” said ISRO sources here.

Range of applications

IRNSS, which will have a range of applications including personal navigation, will be India's answer to the U.S.-operated GPS, Russia's Glonass, European Space Agency's under-development Galileo, and China's emerging constellation, Compass.

“The problem with the existing constellations is that they are controlled by defence agencies in those countries. While Galileo is a pay-to-use system, Compass is military-controlled. On completion, IRNSS will have all-weather, round-the-clock coverage over the Indian landmass with an extended coverage of about 1,500 km around it,” said the sources.

Meanwhile, the GPS-Aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) payload in GSAT-4 which would be placed into the geosynchronous transfer orbit — before the satellite self-adjusts into its geostationary orbital home at 82 degree east longitude — by the eagerly-awaited April 15 flight of GSLV-D3 with indigenous cryogenic upper stage will provide a position accuracy of better than 7.6 metres required for precision landing of civilian aircraft.

The navigational payload, operating in C, L1 and L5 bands, will form the space segment of GAGAN Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS). “We are planning the launch of GSAT-8, with another GAGAN payload, by this year-end. A third satellite, GSLV 8 or 9, with GAGAN payload would also be launched in succession,” the sources said.

Independent function

GAGAN and IRNSS, once it comes into being, will function independent of each other. The ground segment of GAGAN comprises Indian Reference Stations (INRES) Indian Master Control Centre (INMCC) at Kundanhalli, near Bangalore, and Indian Land Uplink Stations (INLUS). ISRO has already set up eight such reference stations at eight Indian airports in collaboration with Airports Authority of India during the technology demonstration phase of GAGAN and 14 more are in the pipeline.

GAGAN's user segment consists of SBAS receivers capable of receiving GPS signals and corrections from geostationary satellite.

“Data from INRES is transmitted to INMCC. This data is processed by INMCC and sent to INLUS. INLUS transmits the corrected GPS information and time synchronisation signal to a geostationary satellite. It then transmits a GPS-like signal with an accuracy of the order of 3 metre horizontal and 4 metre vertical [which can be accessed by GPS SBAS receivers],” explained an ISRO media hand-out.

http://beta.thehindu.com/sci-tech/article393892.ece

 

[Choppers]

Launch of first satellite for Indian Regional Navigation Satellite system next year​

S. ANANDAN
SRIHARIKOTA, April 10, 2010

The project is the Indian counterpart of the Global Positioning system.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) intends to launch the first in a constellation of seven satellites envisaged for the ambitious Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) project, GPS' Indian counterpart, by the end of next year.

“The subsystems [of the satellite] are under various stages of fabrication at ISRO's centres. At least four such satellites [each with a life in excess of seven years] are required to make it operational. After launching the first satellite using a PSLV in the last quarter of 2011, periodic launches would take place every six months. Which means by 2014, we would have the IRNSS optimally functional,” said ISRO sources here.

Range of applications

IRNSS, which will have a range of applications including personal navigation, will be India's answer to the U.S.-operated GPS, Russia's Glonass, European Space Agency's under-development Galileo, and China's emerging constellation, Compass.

“The problem with the existing constellations is that they are controlled by defence agencies in those countries. While Galileo is a pay-to-use system, Compass is military-controlled. On completion, IRNSS will have all-weather, round-the-clock coverage over the Indian landmass with an extended coverage of about 1,500 km around it,” said the sources.

Meanwhile, the GPS-Aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) payload in GSAT-4 which would be placed into the geosynchronous transfer orbit — before the satellite self-adjusts into its geostationary orbital home at 82 degree east longitude — by the eagerly-awaited April 15 flight of GSLV-D3 with indigenous cryogenic upper stage will provide a position accuracy of better than 7.6 metres required for precision landing of civilian aircraft.

The navigational payload, operating in C, L1 and L5 bands, will form the space segment of GAGAN Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS). “We are planning the launch of GSAT-8, with another GAGAN payload, by this year-end. A third satellite, GSLV 8 or 9, with GAGAN payload would also be launched in succession,” the sources said.

Independent function

GAGAN and IRNSS, once it comes into being, will function independent of each other. The ground segment of GAGAN comprises Indian Reference Stations (INRES) Indian Master Control Centre (INMCC) at Kundanhalli, near Bangalore, and Indian Land Uplink Stations (INLUS). ISRO has already set up eight such reference stations at eight Indian airports in collaboration with Airports Authority of India during the technology demonstration phase of GAGAN and 14 more are in the pipeline.

GAGAN's user segment consists of SBAS receivers capable of receiving GPS signals and corrections from geostationary satellite.

“Data from INRES is transmitted to INMCC. This data is processed by INMCC and sent to INLUS. INLUS transmits the corrected GPS information and time synchronisation signal to a geostationary satellite. It then transmits a GPS-like signal with an accuracy of the order of 3 metre horizontal and 4 metre vertical [which can be accessed by GPS SBAS receivers],” explained an ISRO media hand-out.
The Hindu : Sci-Tech : Launch of first satellite for Indian Regional Navigation Satellite system next year

 

[Kinetic]

“The problem with the existing constellations is that they are controlled by defence agencies in those countries. While Galileo is a pay-to-use system, Compass is military-controlled. On completion, IRNSS will have all-weather, round-the-clock coverage over the Indian landmass with an extended coverage of about 1,500 km around it,” said the sources.

Like others Indian IRNSS will also have different signals for military and civilians. I think the main users will be Indian armed forces with best accuracies. It will ensure much higher accuracy than current civilian GPS signals used by the armed forces and availability at war times.

 

[Ruag]

GSLV-D3/GSAT-4 MISSION

GSAT-4 is the nineteenth geostationary satellite of India built by ISRO and fourth in the GSAT series. Its three GSAT predecessors were launched by GSLV during 2001, 2003 and 2004 respectively. After its commissioning, GSAT-4 will join the group of India’s eleven operational geostationary satellites.

Some of the new technologies being tested in GSAT-4 include:

• Electric Propulsion System
• Bus Management Unit
• 1553 Bus for Data Communication
• Miniaturised Dynamically Tuned Gyros
• 36 AH Lithium Ion Battery
• 70 V Bus for Ka band TWTAs

On-board Structural Dynamics Experiment to monitor on-orbit structural dynamic behavior of the satellite during various phases of the mission corresponding to various flight/mission and satellite configurations.

Velocity Measurement Package to measure the incremental velocity imparted to GSAT-4 during LAM firings and station keeping manoeuvres.

Thermal Control Coating Experiment to study the degradation characteristics of thermal control materials in space environment with time.

The cuboid shaped GSAT-4 has a lift-off weight of 2220 kg of which propellants weigh 1155 kg and the dry mass of the satellite is 1063 kg. GSAT-4 structure is based on ISRO’s standard I-2000 bus. The two solar arrays (each with two panels) of GSAT-4 together generate about 2800 W of power.

GSAT-4 is the first geostationary satellite of ISRO to employ integrated Bus Management Unit (BMU) which combines the functions of Telemetry, Telecommand, Sensor Electronics and Control Electronics. BMU acts as the brain of GSAT-4.

Like its INSAT and GSAT predecessors, GSAT-4 has a conventional chemical propulsion system for orbit raising and station keeping manoeuvres. Besides, GSAT-4 is the first ISRO satellite having Electric Propulsion Sytem (EPS) to perform North South Station Keeping. The satellite will demonstrate the capabilities and advantages (very high Isp, meaning efficiency) of EPS employing state-of-the-art stationary plasma thrusters.

GSAT-4 at a glance:
Structure : I-2000
Overall Size (m) : 2.4 X 1.6 X 1.5
Liftoff mass (kg) : 2220
Generated Power (W) : 2760
Payload Power (W) : 1785
Propulsion (Chemical) : MMH as fuel and MON-3 as Oxidiser
Propulsion (Electric) : Xenon based stationary plasma thrusters (four)
Mission Life : > 7 years
Orbital Location : 82 deg E longitude in GSO

GSAT-4 Payloads:

GSAT-4 carries communication as well as navigation payloads. They are:

• Ka – band bent pipe and regenerative transponder
• GAGAN payload operating in C, L1 and L5 bands

Of these, Ka-band Transponder operates on 30 GHz uplink and 20 GHz downlink. This payload provides 8 spot beams covering entire India.

Spot beams allow frequency reuse through geographical separation. The payload also comprises beacon transmitters in 30 GHz and 20 GHz to facilitate propagation studies. Ka band payload also has the facility of RF tracking and antenna pointing.

New technologies incorporated in Ka-Band Payload include Multiple Spot Beams (eight) with Frequency Reuse, Double Frequency Conversion, Very High Stability Local Oscillator and Onboard Base band Processing and Switching.

The advantages of using a regenerative transponder are many. It allows the use of smaller ground terminals at the user end by incorporating efficient processing on-board the satellite. Regenerative transponder also increases system flexibility by facilitating network interconnection on-board satellite without the use of a hub, which in turn results in increased capacity, reduced errors and greater throughput.

Each of the 8 beams will have 8 narrow band channels of 64 Kbps and one wide band channel of 2048 Kbps. Interconnectivity between the narrow band channels within the same beam or with any of the other beams is possible.

Similarly, interconnectivity is possible with wide band channels between any of the beams or all beams can be used together in broadcast mode. Another objective of this payload is to develop advanced Digital Signal Processor based subsystems, implement various interface protocols and verify interconnectivity of terminals between multiple beams.

The intended applications for Ka band include Wide band Multimedia Services, Mobile Information System, SPACE LAN, e-Commerce and High Bandwidth Internet.

The second payload carried by GSAT-4 is GAGAN, which is a navigational payload operating in C, L1 and L5 bands. Essentially, the GAGAN payload of GSAT-4 forms the space segment of GAGAN Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS) developed by India. GAGAN stands for GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation. Through SBAS, the positional information from the GPS satellites is improved by a network of ground based receivers and the same is made available to any user through geostationary satellites.

GAGAN is a Wide Area Differential Global Positioning System (WADGPS) employing a geostationary satellite overlay system. It was conceived to provide a position accuracy of better than 7.6 metre needed for the precision landing of civilian aircraft. The GAGAN system consists of the Space Segment, the Ground Segment and the User Segment. The GPS and Geostationary overlay system form the Space Segment while the Ground Segment comprises Indian Reference Stations (INRES), Indian Master Control Centre (INMCC) and Indian Land Uplink Stations (INLUS). The User Segment consists of SBAS receivers capable of receiving GPS signals and corrections from the Geostationary satellite.

In the GAGAN architecture, Data from INRES is transmitted to INMCC. This data is processed by INMCC and sent to INLUS. INLUS transmits the corrected GPS information and time synchronisation signal to a geostationary satellite. The satellite then transmits a GPS like signal on L-band frequency. Accuracy of the order of 3 meter horizontal and 4 meter vertical is feasible in such a system.

Thus, GAGAN navigation payload of GSAT-4 receives the correction signals sent by Indian Land Uplink Stations in C-band and translates these into GPS L1 and L5 band signals and transmits these navigation signals. These signals can be received by GPS SBAS receivers, thus enabling them to get a highly accurate and reliable navigational fix.

The Technology Demonstration Phase (TDS) of GAGAN was successfully completed in August 2007. As part of the TDS, eight Indian Reference Stations (INRES) were installed at eight Indian airports. They are linked to the Indian Master Control Centre (INMCC) located at Kundanhalli near Bangalore. In June 2009, the final operational phase (FOP) of GAGAN was initiated.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The full ISRO report can be found here -

http://www.isro.org/news/pdf/GSLV-D3.pdf

Hoping that the mission goes as per planned and the satellite is successfully put into orbit.

 

[illuminatidinesh]

Launch of first satellite for Indian Regional Navigation Satellite system next year

S. Anandan

SRIHARIKOTA: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) intends to launch the first in a constellation of seven satellites envisaged for the ambitious Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) project, GPS' Indian counterpart, by the end of next year.

“The subsystems [of the satellite] are under various stages of fabrication at ISRO's centres. At least four such satellites [each with a life in excess of seven years] are required to make it operational. After launching the first satellite using a PSLV in the last quarter of 2011, periodic launches would take place every six months. Which means by 2014, we would have the IRNSS optimally functional,” said ISRO sources here.

Range of applications

IRNSS, which will have a range of applications including personal navigation, will be India's answer to the U.S.-operated GPS, Russia's Glonass, European Space Agency's under-development Galileo, and China's emerging constellation, Compass.

“The problem with the existing constellations is that they are controlled by defence agencies in those countries. While Galileo is a pay-to-use system, Compass is military-controlled. On completion, IRNSS will have all-weather, round-the-clock coverage over the Indian landmass with an extended coverage of about 1,500 km around it,” said the sources.

Meanwhile, the GPS-Aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) payload in GSAT-4 which would be placed into the geosynchronous transfer orbit — before the satellite self-adjusts into its geostationary orbital home at 82 degree east longitude — by the eagerly-awaited April 15 flight of GSLV-D3 with indigenous cryogenic upper stage will provide a position accuracy of better than 7.6 metres required for precision landing of civilian aircraft.

The navigational payload, operating in C, L1 and L5 bands, will form the space segment of GAGAN Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS). “We are planning the launch of GSAT-8, with another GAGAN payload, by this year-end. A third satellite, GSLV 8 or 9, with GAGAN payload would also be launched in succession,” the sources said.

Independent function

GAGAN and IRNSS, once it comes into being, will function independent of each other. The ground segment of GAGAN comprises Indian Reference Stations (INRES) Indian Master Control Centre (INMCC) at Kundanhalli, near Bangalore, and Indian Land Uplink Stations (INLUS). ISRO has already set up eight such reference stations at eight Indian airports in collaboration with Airports Authority of India during the technology demonstration phase of GAGAN and 14 more are in the pipeline.

GAGAN's user segment consists of SBAS receivers capable of receiving GPS signals and corrections from geostationary satellite.

The Hindu : Tamil Nadu News : Launch of first satellite for Indian Regional Navigation Satellite system next year

 

[gogbot]

All in good time.

MoD has been taking steps to prepare the private sector.

Navy has already working with the Private sector.

Air forces is trying to work with

Army is doing nothing actually. indigenous ventures seem to be nuisance to them.