How Huawei has become the world's leader in the field of optical transmission
Shobserver Author: Dai Hui 2018-12-25 06:19:34
https://www.shobserver.com/toutiao/html/123612.html?tt_group_id=6638690229530133000
Some time ago, Mr. Ren Zhengfei met with Sony Corporation Yoshida, and many media reported. There is such a paragraph:
Yoshida: The IT bubble is definitely a crisis for Huawei, but it is precisely after the IT bubble that Huawei has opened a gap with other Western companies. Do you recognize my opinion?
Ren Zhengfei: I believe that the IT bubble is a crisis for us and certainly a crisis for the West. At that time, we made up our minds to retreat to the lowest position. There is a strategy called “chicken rib strategy”, and chicken ribs are the most meatless. At that time, Nortel made the biggest mistake on the issue of light. Because of the excess, the light transmission was so cheap that many companies gave up. In contrast, low-end optical transmission technology is relatively simple, we will concentrate on finding opportunities here. We have already reached the lowest point, and we can't retreat. In areas where others don't do, we choose to seize the "chicken ribs" and work hard to develop. This product, at that time we should rank in the world in dozens of places, with the low-end optical transmission a little bit of success, a little bit going up, today we can lead in the field of optical communications.
Mr. Ren Zhengfei’s speech made me think. Without optical communication, there is no information age of ours today.
In the past, it was fiber-to-the-village or to the roadside. Now that the fiber is connected to every household, you can watch the big movie. The smartphone we use is also highly dependent on optical transmission. The traffic is very large, and the transmission pipelines for the base stations are all optical transmissions. In the future 5G era, the number of base stations will be 2-3 times that of 4G, and the amount of data will increase by many times. Optical transmission is even more important.
Chinese enterprises include optical transmission equipment manufacturers such as Huawei, ZTE, and Campfire, and optical fiber manufacturers such as Changfei, Hengtong, Zhongtian, Fenghuo, Fortis, and Special. Among them, Huawei is the world's largest manufacturer of optical transmission equipment. This history of optical transmission is worthy of record.
This picture was taken on December 1, 2018, and the overseas Chinese reunited. Huawei has entered the overseas powers and developed countries, and basically uses the optical transmission to play the striker. Zuo Erliang Guoshi, the author of "Coyote Breakout", opened the Russian market by light transmission as early as 1997, which is the first overseas Huawei! The left-hand Lingli Steel, the pioneer of the French representative office, opened the door to developed countries (NEUF) by light transmission. The third from the left is Dai Hui, the author of this article. In 2001, he saw in India that Huawei opened the door to India (BSNL) by means of optical transmission. Right a week, I was the sales manager of Huawei Terminal for NTT, the largest operator in Japan. The United States and Japan are SONET standards, which are different from the SDH format adopted by Huawei.
The start of China's optical transmission business
At the end of 1972, Zhao Yusen, a researcher at the Wuhan Academy of Posts and Telecommunications, heard that the United States was studying "optical fiber communication" - using glass wool for communication, and also proposed a research project to develop "fiber-optic communication."
At that time, the US fiber-optic communication was not yet commercially used, and China was isolated from the world. At that very moment, the objection was "academic command." Some leaders said at the conference: "How can the glass wire communicate! You don't want to mess with Zhao Weisen. It takes tens of millions. Are you responsible?"
However, Zhou Huasheng, deputy director of the Department of Science and Technology of the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications, and Hui Tinggang, then director of the Science and Technology Department of Wuhan Institute, expressed support and said, "You can try." China has since slammed into the study of fiber-optic communications.
In 1977, Zhao Yusen (second from left), from the Wuhan Academy of Posts, discussed quartz glass smelting with his colleagues.
In 1976, Bell Labs opened the world's first practical fiber-optic communication line between Washington and Atlanta at a rate of 45 Mbps, which is capable of transmitting 45,000,000 "O" or "1" in one second.
What everyone knows is that in 1976, the Wuhan University of Posts and Telecommunications also opened a fiber-optic communication experimental circuit, the Wuhan Institute, and conducted a call experiment.
In 1979, Zhao Yusen, deputy chief engineer of Wuhan Institute of Posts and Telecommunications, and his research team pulled out China's first practical fiber with a loss of only 4 dB/km, which opened the curtain for China's fiber-optic communication industry.
In 1980, the inventor of optical fiber communication, Gao Song, visited Wuhan Institute. Seeing the optical fiber communication technology of Wuhan Institute, Gao Song said a word: "surprise".
Wuhan Institute of Posts and Telecommunications has accumulated a lot of PDH optical transmission. Fiber Optic Communications, Changfei Optical Fiber, and optical technology for devices are all "eggs" under the Wuhan Academy of Posts and Telecommunications.
Wuhan East Lake New Technology Industrial Development Zone, referred to as “Donghu High-tech Zone”, is also called “China·Optical Valley”. It is worth mentioning that the management committee has built the Jinghua Kexun desktop cloud system on optical communication, which has realized the extremely fast office.
Two flowers are blossomed, one for each table. The first to make an SDH system is another force.
In 1985, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) adopted a series of standards for SONET (Synchronous Optical Network). SONET is a US standard and is only used in a few countries such as the US and Japan.
In 1989, the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee CCITT developed the SDH standard (synchronous digital series) with reference to the SONET concept, making it a general-purpose technical system that is not only suitable for optical fibers but also for microwave and satellite transmission, and is different from SONET. This is the European leading standard. China is taking the European route.
The SDH Synchronous Digital Series is a revolution in the Pseudo-Synchronous Digital Series PDH. Although it is highly dependent on the clock synchronization system, the benefit is that the transfer rate is faster.
When he graduated from Wuyou, he started working on fiber-optic communication in 1975 at the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (now Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications). In 1991, he served as director of the Digital Communications Research Office at the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications in Chengdu. His team finally developed the SDH155/622Mbps equipment prototype as scheduled. In the synchronous digital communication, China has stood at the same time window with the world and realized SDH. He Hezhen won the second prize of National Science and Technology Progress Award.
He Hezhen did SDH equipment testing at the Institute of Telecommunications in the 1990s.
Synchronous digital optical transmission was originally the equipment that Batumi imposed on China's embargo. After the domestic development, it was immediately banned.
Despite missing the first launch of SDH (synchronous system), Wuyou relied on the industrial strength accumulated in the strong PDH era, and later came to the fore, making the first faster 2.5Gbps SDH in China, and later developed the campfire communication.
Academician He Hejun chose European standards and became the direction of China's industrial power. It also made European standards universally available in the world, except for a few countries such as the US and Japan.
Coincidentally, in the field of mobile communications, the European GSM/UMTS standard has also become the mainstream in the world, and the North American CDMA standard has declined.
There has been a big deal recently. The originator of the optical transmission, the fire communication and the same national team's Datang merged into the China Information and Communication Technology Group, we dubbed the "big fire", "fire big", "bee sugar" company.
Huawei optical transmission started
In 1994, Li Yinan of Xueguang Electronics used PDH quasi-synchronous optical transmission technology in C&C08's Wanmen machine design to realize internal broadband communication between AM/CM and each BM module. It is said that only Lucent adopted such a high-level design at the time, and other manufacturers used the bus method.
After C&C08 successfully entered the market and sold it, in 1996, Huawei began to develop its own optical transmission equipment. Huang Yaoxu, who is involved in the development of the switch, is the general manager.
At that time, PDH was widely used in China, and the more advanced SDH was used very little, and it was not mature in the whole world.
In the end, is it short-cut and cut into PDH, or is it developing SDH for the future? Huawei finally chose SDH technology, which is said to be Li Yinan’s rush decision.
Li Yinan in 1999 (first release)
The old thing, the first thing is to dig people.
Xiaonian Qinghong, the first team in the country to make SDH, joined Huawei. He said an anecdote: When I first joined the work, several young people had a business trip in the middle of the night and could not live in the other party's guest house. In a hurry, they called Yu Hejun in the middle of the night to complain, so that they would not sleep on the streets.
Wu's industrialization ability is very strong, and Huawei and ZTE have dug a lot of people. Insider Rex broke the news, and Ms. Fang Wei, vice president of ZTE, was dug into Shenzhen.
In early 1997, Shi Hongqiang led the development of SDH 155/622Mbps equipment.
The earliest brand of Huawei optical transmission products is "SBS", the original meaning is SDH BACKBONE SYSTEM (SDH backbone network), we laughed as "stupid not stupid". After entering the Korean market, it was the same name as SBS TV, which is equivalent to China's CCTV. Later it was changed to OptiX.
In October 1997, I came to Huawei for an interview. In the hall of the service building, there is a pile of "Huaweirenbao", and there is an article "Excellent young people come to use clothes!" ", the article wrote: After two years of service, the future can be an excellent R & D expert, market experts.
Xu Zhijun gave me an interview and asked a question: Are you logical thinking or image thinking? I am categorically saying: logical thinking! He knocked the table: Ok, pass!
Later, some other colleagues said that he asked the same question, even if he answered the image, it was the same.
The first stop was to assemble the SBS155/622 transmission equipment at the Xixiang production base. The island’s surname is Huang, and his home island is “Peach Blossom Island”. Xixiang is very biased, but now it is the concept of Qianhai, 60,000 flat.
The function of the device at the time was simple. I remember that it is particularly clear that an "8" word network is sold to customers, but only two "O" type networks can be delivered. In the intermediate nodes, one ring is demultiplexed and then reused. On the ring, I was also confused.
The equipment is not very stable. Once, the clock is always out of sync. Yan Jie, the person in charge of the manufacturing department, called the pilot colleague to solve the problem: it must be done, and it is impossible to go! He used to be the leader of the pilot test, and Yu Wei is still there. Yan Jie is from the light transmission town of Wuhan.
Re-post graduate Zhang Li went to Guangzhou Book City on weekends and dragged a small car, Wei Leping's "Optical Synchronous Digital Transmission Network", which is the "Bible" of light transmission. We have one.
There is a Jiang surnamed colleague who is actually from the Wuhan University of Posts and Telecommunications. He told a story that Wuyou had bought a very expensive imported equipment. If the enemy is on the verge of security, the security department will start from the customs, escorting trucks to Wuhan all the way, and at the rest of the night, they will also be armed with guns. In the previous paragraph, I heard that when Dongda bought the Honeywell minicomputer in 1980, it was also a routine.
At noon on the mat in the morning, lying in the middle of a row of high-rise cabinets, the small lights that are close to each other flash, like a starry sky.
Because of the drag, I didn't have the same line as them, and Montenegro went to install the machine. The production headquarters is lacking, and I stayed here for a year.
The transmission is too simple, there is only one form on the maintenance terminal. I want to learn a difficult point, so I switched to the access network department. Now, the core of the access network is optical transmission (PON and other technologies).
Many years later, I realized that a product that looks simple may have a higher income, such as the power supply of Huawei Electric-Emsen system. However, regret is already late. Since then, Dai Hui has become a Huawei veteran step by step.
Faster and faster
The middle beam was responsible for the development of 2.5Gbps equipment. In November 1997, Huawei successfully achieved a breakthrough in the backbone network on 2.5G. G is the 9th power of 10.
The first Shenzhen High-Tech Fair was held in 1999, and Premier Zhu Rongji was unveiled in person. Lucent (LUCENT) is a high-level device. Huawei research and development of the small soldier Yang Weizhou, they rushed over, very admired to touch the black lacquered cabinet, worship.
Lucent is one of the originators of optical transmission and the biggest player of 2.5G technology that year. Technology comes from the famous Bell Labs.
It is said that a customer was invited to visit Lucent’s global headquarters and had a very good command hall. Chinese customers have found that they can see and control optical transmission equipment in any part of the world.
Also in 1999, there was an incident in which the Chinese Embassy in Yugoslavia was attacked because of the "wrong map."
At that time, I pushed GSM in Shaanxi and Shanxi. Both places tried their best but failed. However, Zhang Guisheng of Taiyuan and Lao Tang of Xi'an Office are very excited: 2.5G optical transmission has entered the provincial backbone network. In Jiangsu, where I worked before, the main equipment could not enter the network for several years, so it was lifted and the optical transmission was the first to break through.
In 2000, Cai Wenjie, who was "airborne" from the foreign company Fujitsu to the Huawei optical network, most admired Huawei's 2.5G optical transmission equipment, which can directly up and down the 2Mbps signal, subverting Lucent, Alcatel, Nortel, Siemens, Fujitsu, and Ma. The 2.5G of giants such as Kenny can only go directly to the traditional practice of 155/622Mbps interface. At that time, it was called "artifact", and it was impossible to attack. The customer said it was amazing. This is related to Huawei's own development of a powerful cross-chip, which will be discussed later.
Based on a single wavelength 2.5 Gbps technology, DWDM (wavelength division multiplexing) was later used to transmit 16 wavelengths of light on a single fiber, which is equivalent to a 16-fold increase in capacity. Later it developed to 32 waves or more.
Gao Wei is responsible for the development of 10Gbps SDH equipment, and in 2000, the first commercial success in Guangzhou. He is my classmate at Southeast University.
Optical transmission is the sharpest weapon in the big country market
In 1997, Liang Guoshi signed Huawei's first overseas commercial contract in Bryansk, Russia, which is optical transmission. The amount of this project is tens of thousands of dollars, not the so-called 36 dollars.
"Coyote Breakout" wrote: It is very strange that the meal was arranged in the sauna, the form was not only informal, but also invited an irrelevant person - the director of a local brewery, he brought a large bucket Raw beer. At that time, everyone was naked and naked, white wine, red wine, beer mixed drink... Every time I was dizzy, I went into the sauna, steamed a sweat and came out again, people were awake, and then drank. Finally, Mr. Galleyek told me that no equipment supplier can drink with us like you, Alcatel can't do it, Siemens can't do it... I know clearly that Mr. Galleco is not entirely emotional. Because of price and service considerations, he has already decided to cooperate with us, although in addition to price and service, feelings play a very important role.
In 1998, Peng Zhongyang from Harris Micro was working with me at the Xixiang Production Headquarters. We tied the harness and I was a little faster. He threw the wire harness and screamed in the sky: I didn't assemble it, I want the next line! A look of "Yan Ke An Zhi Hong Hong Zhi Zhi".
He really went to the Russian Bryansk guard. Later, when I came back from Russia, I was very happy. I said: I was a foreigner in that place, walking down the street, a bunch of children followed, drinking at the bar, a bunch of beautiful girls winking!
He is a very humorous person, and the photos on the Internet are sitting in ruins. Guan Wei is the president of China.
In 2000, after the IT bubble burst, I was responsible for technical negotiations on the GSM project in the Uzbek capital region, with 10 points of SDH equipment in the base station. There was a legend at the time that each major product broke through a country and was awarded 1 million to the team. However, in the end it was a big flicker, which made people quite lost.
In January 2001, I went to work in India, and the representative was Liu Qi. This year, the Indian market has achieved a long-awaited breakthrough, which is the 2.5G optical transmission national backbone network of India's largest state-owned operator BSNL (equivalent to China Telecom).
At the same time, the Indian GSM network test I was responsible for was dead and alive. The core switching network needs to enter the big country, and it must be compatible with various standards and signaling, which is extremely complicated.
Optical transmission is very easy to get the Indian network! Why is light transmission easy to enter big countries? Yang Weizhou, an engineer who has worked as an optical transmission R&D and international marketing company, said that the main reason is that optical transmission is a very standard pipeline, both of which are standard service interfaces (STM155 or 622 interfaces, standard E1 interfaces, etc.).
Huawei's transmission business has been carried out smoothly, and Indian customers are very satisfied. BSNL feels that it is still unfinished. In order to obtain better prices, it has introduced Huawei's old rival ZTE. In ZTE's book, it was reported that in July 2002, ZTE officially obtained the national transmission backbone network project of the Indian state-owned operator BSNL.
In Germany, optical transmission equipment was sold to a small operator, and Ren Zhengfei boasted to the German market. The customer asked, what is the operator's ranking? Ren Zhengfei took the opportunity to answer and said: I heard that it is not the first. Later, I asked the representative Xia Xiaohu. He said the truth, that is, a municipal company (water, electricity), he has an underground pipeline, and he pulled the fiber by the way, and the rental bandwidth is profitable. However, it is not easy for Huawei, a equipment manufacturer starting from a developing country, to break through the German market.
In 2002, the first single in France was the optical transmission of the new operator NEUF. Previously, Alstom of France brought Huawei into the Czech private network transmission market and established a reputation.
British BT's 21CN selection, Huawei spent the old nose, and finally the optical transmission benefited the most. The British domestic market is not large, but the Commonwealth countries generally recognize the results of BT selection, and suddenly entered many countries.
In 2007, the British Marconi bankruptcy auction, including optical transmission assets, Huawei participated in the bid, but lost to Ericsson. However, Ericsson did not revitalize this asset, but ended up with a large layoff in the UK. The British government has painstakingly thought about pulling Huawei into the telecommunications research and development in the UK, especially the Internet of Things.
In poor countries, light transmission has not developed well. The old and the young are poor, the infrastructure is too poor, the demand is not enough, the optical transmission cannot be applied in a large amount, and the microwave transmission is more convenient. For example, in Cambodia, where I worked in 2001, Huawei sold a lot of GSM base stations, basically using microwaves for transmission, and the Phnom Penh office actually used satellites to access the Internet.
Transmission distance is getting farther and farther
In the development of optical transmission, there is a key technology for long transmission distances.
Ren Zhengfei said: We have a global leader and the first share of the product, a key technology that surpasses competitors in terms of function and performance, which we obtained by purchasing the technology of a foreign company. We have searched for and selected a leading manufacturer of ultra-long optical transmission technology and product solutions. The company has invested more than $70M. Its technology is mainly used in long-haul optical transmission systems. The status of the network is very important. Considering that its products and technologies have high market value, they finally decided to purchase the technology. After technology transfer and secondary development, as well as necessary legal procedures, integrated development was completed in just 9 months, and products with new key technologies were successfully introduced, achieving large capacity and long distance (4,600 km) without Optical transmission of electrical relays.
Launched in 2003, the transmission distance has been greatly extended, and it has developed rapidly in the relevant market. From the initial global long-distance transmission manufacturers, it has rapidly grown into the world's first manufacturer in the long-distance transmission market in 2005, and Maintain a solid position.
However, such achievements have also aroused the vigilance of the United States. Later, Huawei’s acquisition of advanced technology has hindered the “3leaf” incident.
Huawei optical transmission equipment, there is also a major technology entry, is combined with IP (Internet Protocol).
With the development of the Internet, IP-based (Internet)-based businesses are booming.
The optical department has dug up the number of people, greatly enhanced the IP capabilities, the system can directly go up and down with various IP-based interfaces, remember to call MSTP (Multi-Service Transfer Platform), which refers to the implementation of TDM, ATM, Ethernet based on the SDH platform. Access, processing, and transmission of services such as the network, providing a multi-service node for unified network management.
Datacom does not accept the loss, but also dug the person who transmits the light, directly on the IP switch! The two departments played in the market of the Metropolitan Area Transmission Network (METRO). Operators have the benefit of fishermen and often deliberately provoke the internal struggle of Huawei.
This is the "between the left and the right", an interesting story in the history of Huawei. Later, the two departments were merged and called the “transportation network” before they came to an end.
Cisco is doing IP router and switch business, and now it is one of the largest optical transmission manufacturers in the world. This is the reason.
Huawei later also engaged in a bunch of gimmicks such as Intelligent Optical Network (ASON). On the day I left in 2014, I did not figure out what it was. But it doesn't matter, because you never have to understand it again. The OptiX OSN 9800 series below is one of them.
Ren Zhengfei’s incomprehensibleness to Nortel’s optical transmission
In the first article, you can see the feelings of the boss on Nortel Daihatsu.
Before the bubble burst, Nortel spent a lot of power to develop 10G and 10G-based Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM), and promoted it globally, pushing the development of the 10G industry chain, including equipment and fiber.
Nortel’s market capitalization reached one-third of the total market value of the Canadian stock market. If a wise person cashes in at a high position, it is a winner in life.
In the bubble era, the fiber was repaired too much, but there was not enough content to run at all. After the bubble burst, many constructions stopped.
With the bursting of the IT bubble, both Nortel and Lucent have suffered heavy losses.
In order to make a big income during the boom, we provided a lot of credit support for customers with insufficient credit. I visited a small Indian operator with a big sign in the hall, and Lucent joined several banks to provide $900 million in credit (Lucent provided guarantees). If the customer can't afford the money or deliberately doesn't pay back, Lucent will lose money.
A few years later, another spring of light transmission was ushered in.
YouTube is a video site, and the early company was located in San Bruno, California. Registered on February 15, 2005, it was created by Chinese American Chen Shijun and others to allow users to download, watch and share videos or short films.
YouTube has greatly consumed the bandwidth of optical transmission redundancy, and optical transmission has since entered the prosperous era of 10G.
Optical transmission did not bring a fatal blow to Nortel, and it was the mobile communication strategy mistake that really dragged down Nortel.
Nortel has made a big bet on CDMA and WIMAX, but in the end it is a GSM and UMTS route.
After Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao, Dr. Gao Kun became the third Chinese to win the Nobel Prize in Physics.
In 1960, Gao Kun entered ITT (International Telephone and Telegraph Company of the United States), a European central research institute based in the United Kingdom - Standard Telecommunications Experiments (SRL), where he worked for ten years.
In 1966, by studying the structure of the waveguide and the loss properties of the medium, it was found that the loss of the glass fiber is caused by the metal impurities in the glass, the high-purity glass medium can realize optical communication, and finally the Dangdang glass medium is calculated. When the loss is less than 20dB/km, the speed of light communication can be realized.
He published the paper "Optical Frequency Medium Fiber Surface Waveguide", which provides a theoretical basis for the application of optical fiber in communication. The popular explanation is that once the glass purity and composition are solved, the glass that is common in life can make optical fibers and transmit information efficiently.
He published the paper "Optical Frequency Medium Fiber Surface Waveguide", which provides a theoretical basis for the application of optical fiber in communication. The popular explanation is that once the glass purity and composition are solved, the glass that is common in life can make optical fibers and transmit information efficiently.
This kind of thinking is naturally full of rumors. It is not easy to make a fiberglass with a loss of less than 20dB/km. It is important to know that the best optical glass in the world was a Ziss camera lens from Germany. The loss is 700dB/km, and the conventional glass loss is about a few. 10,000 dB/km. Therefore, the authoritative experts at Bell Labs at the time concluded that fiber-optic communications had no future.
However, Dr. Gao Kun was not discouraged. In order to find the "glass without impurities", Dr. Gao Kun ran a lot of places and went to many glass factories.
Yao Lingzhi, winner of the Turing Award, said: His innovation is unimaginable. The fastest medium of communication was the metal wire. The amazing imagination of Dr. Gao Kun was incredible to many people.
Dr. Gao Kun's persistence touched Corning, the world's largest glass company at the time. After reading Gao's research, he spent 30 million US dollars. In 1970, he successfully developed the loss of 20dB/km fiber.
After seeing the feasibility of fiber-optic communication, Bell Labs researchers began to believe in Dr. Gao Kun's research, and in 1970 also began to study fiber-optic communications. In 1974, Bell Labs invented a method for making low-loss fibers called improved chemical vapor deposition (MCVD). The fiber loss dropped to 1 dB/km.
At the same time, in 1970, Bell Labs of the United States, NEC of the Japanese electric company and the Soviet Union successively developed a double heterojunction semiconductor laser that continuously operated at room temperature. The combination of these two technologies has promoted the renaissance of optical communication, and has promoted the transition of communication technology from laboratory research to practical use of optical fiber communication. Therefore, 1970 was called the "first year" of optical communication.
In 1976, Bell Labs of the United States successfully conducted a 45 Mbit/S fiber-optic communication system test in Atlanta.
Dr. Gao Kun said in an interview: At present, there is no other substance that can replace fiber.
Bell Labs belonged to AT&T American Telephone and Telegraph Corporation and later split Lucent. Lucent’s optical transmission equipment business was once the largest in the world.
Nortel, Alcatel, Siemens, Marconi, Japan's Fujitsu and other companies have also done it, there are many small businesses.
In 1996, Dr. Gao Kun was elected as a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Also in that year, the Purple Mountain Observatory of China named an asteroid "3463" internationally as "Asteroid Gao Kun ".
"Your research has completely changed the world and promoted the development of the United States and the world economy. I am proud of you and the world owes you a great deal of people." US President Barack Obama said.
Dr. Gao Kun is not only a scientist but also an educator. He has established the Electronics Department of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and has served as the President of the Chinese University of Hong Kong. On September 23, 2018, Dr. Gao Kun died in Hong Kong at the age of 84. The spirit of the gentleman will last forever.
Conclusion
I have already published Huawei's history of wireless, mobile phones and chips. Today, I wrote about Huawei's history of optical transmission and added another short board.
After the employee leaves, there is no socially competitive product line, not a good product line!
Liu Chengmin, the former vice president of Tencent, is a member of Huawei Optical Network!
KU Lao Yang, the current management of Tencent, was previously the head of the Asia-Pacific optical transmission business.
Sun Yelin, the former head of optical transmission research and development, is now working as a business incubator.
The aforementioned Cai Wenjie airborne listed company Suzhou Tongding Internet executives, successfully led a traditional cable manufacturing company to carry out a strategic transformation.
Deng Shi, who used to talk to me about PPT for foreign clients, is now doing robot education in Nanshan.
Zhang Yujun, technical partner of Mingrui Ideal AOI (Automatic Visual Inspection), was a small soldier in optical transmission research and development N years ago. Octavia is already a world-class company in the field of SMT AOI, and now it has entered the field of chip packaging.
The lithium battery testing industry, the founder of Hengyi, Wang Shoumo is also a small soldier of optical transmission research and development.
End with the expectation of fiber-optic online Liu Wei: The achievements of Huawei Optical Network today are based on the achievements of the technical team of state-owned research institutes and telecom equipment factories including Academician Zhao Weisen and Academician Qi Hezhen, and the foundation of strong support from the upstream and downstream of the industry chain. on. We look forward to the excellent students who can return to the whole industry and drive the entire optical communication industry chain of China including optical components. A unique show is not spring!
(Author Dai Hui, this article only represents the author's personal opinion)
Editor-in-Chief: Wang Haiyan Text Editor: Wang Haiyan
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