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Hoang Sa annals makes its debut

SpiritHS

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With fishing bans Chinese, brutal invasion EEZ of Vietnam was confirmed by international law. SpiritHoangSa would give some information for your reference and you know that the action of the strong dependence and sinister, absurd Chinese.

Timeline of Paracel (Hoang Sa) and Spratly (Truong Sa) Islands Dispute

I - Before French colonialism of Vietnam


Chinese and Vietnamese fishermen lived on the islands according to the season, but no one knows since what time.

Beginning of 17th century: The Nguyen Lord organized exploitation of the islands. The Hoang Sa Company and the Bac Hai Company had the task of stationing on the two archipelagos 8 months each year to exploit the resources: catch fish, collect valuable resources on the islands, collect goods from sunken vessels.

1686: Do Ba Cong prepared Thien Nam Tu Chi Lo Do Thu in Hong Duc Ban Do or Toan Tap An Nam Lo in the volume Thien Ha Ban Do. The map in Thien Nam Tu Chi Lo Do was drawn in contemporary style with very clear notation: “In the middle of the sea there is a long sandbank called Bai Cat Vang (Hoang Sa – Golden Sankbank) up to 400 miles…Each year at the end of winter the Nguyen Lord send 18 boats there to collect goods, the majority of which are gold, silver, money, guns, and bullets…” The map drawn in Toan Tay An Nam Lo contains a very clear notation of a place called Bai Cat Vang in the sea.

1753: In Le Quy Don’s volume Phu Bien Tap, it is told that there were 10 soldiers of the Bac Hai Company arriving on the Spratly Islands. 8 came on shore while 2 stayed on the boats to guard. Unexpectedly a storm arrived and the boats drifted to port Thanh Lan of China. The Chinese government investigated, and helped them to return home after finding out what happened.

1816: Emperor Gia Long formally took possession of the islands, ordered for the flying of flag and taking geographical measurements.

1835: Emperor Minh Mang ordered building of shrine, placing of a stone tablet, staking the island, and planting trees. The Hoang Sa and Bac Hai companies were given more responsibilities: exploitation, patrolling, collecting taxes from people on the island, and guarding and defending the two archipelagos. The two companies continued their activities until France arrived to Indochina

II - Era of French colonialism
1884: Hue Pact resulted in colonial rule of Vietnam.

9/6/1885: The French – Thanh Thien Tan agreement was a friendship agreement, bringing an end to conflict between France and China.

26/6/1887: French – Thanh agreement determined land borders between North Vietnam and China.


1895 – 1896: La Bellona and Imeji Maru incident. The two ships La Bellona and Imeji Maru sunk near Hoang Sa, one sunk in 1895 and the other in 1896. Fishermen from Hainan collected bronze from these two sunken ships. The insurance companies of these two ship protested to China. Chinese government replied that they were not responsible, because Hoang Sa was not Chinese territory, and was also not An Nam’s.

1899: Indochinese governor Paul Doumer requested that France build a lighthouse but was not carried out because of the lack of fund.

1907: Japan took Pratas (Dong Sa) causing the government of South China to pay attention to the islands on the Eastern Sea (South China Sea).

5/1909: Chinese sent people to briefly survey the Hoang Sa archipelago before returning.

1920: Mitsui Busan Kaisha asked France for permission to exploit Hoang Sa. France denied the request.

1920: France controlled the islands and collected taxes there.

30/3/1921: South Chinese government declared that incorporate Hoang Sa (which they called Tay Sa) into Hainan island. Since that time, dispute arose between France and China about sovereignty over Hoang Sa. Dispute also arose since 1930 related to Truong Sa, which was French territory.

1925: Scientific explorations were made on the islands under the organization of Dr. Krempt, director of the Institute of Oceanography in Nha Trang.

1927: The ship De Lanessan docked on Truong Sa.

1930: Three French ships – La Malicieuse, L’Alerte, and L’Astrobale – took control of Truong Sa and flew the French flag on this archipelago.

1931: China ordered exploitation of bird fertilizer on Hoang Sa with the right being given to Anglo-Chinese Development Company. France protested.

1931-1932: France made continuous protests to China’s claim of sovereignty over Hoang Sa.

1932: France formally declared An Nam had sovereignty over Hoang Sa. France incorporated Hoang Sa into Thua Thien province.

1932: France built a meteorological station on Woody Island and another meteorological station on Pattle island.

1933: Truong Sa was incorporated into Ba Ria provinece. France proposed to China to take the matter to international court, but China refused.

1935: For the first time China published a map in which all 4 archipelagos on the Eastern Sea belonged to China.

1938: France set up an ownership tablet, built a lighthouse, meteorological station, and sent Vietnamese forces to protect Pattle.

30/3/1938: Emperor Bao Dai decreed that Hoang Sa be incorporated into Thua Thien province.

1939: Japan invaded the islands.

1946: France withdrew after losing in WWII. France returned to Pattle, but withdrew because of engaging in war with Vietnam.

1946: Using the Cairo and Postdam declarations as a front, 4 Chinese warships came to the islands, and soldiers came ashore for the reason of disarming Japanese soldiers.

7/1/1947: China declared that it has taken Hoang Sa, but in fact, it had only taken over Woody Island. France protested and sent French-Vietnamese forces to the island. The two sides negotiated in Paris. France proposed an international arbitator, but China refused.

17/1/1947: French warship Le Tonkinois of the French Navy came to Hoang Sa demanding that Chinese forces withdraw from the islands. When the request was refused, France ordered French and Vietnamese soldiers to take Pattle island.

4/1950: Chinese forces withdrew from Woody Island.

14/10/1951: France formally handed control of the Hoang Sa and Truong Sa islands over to Vietnam, headed by Bao Dai.

6/9/1951: At the San Francisco Conference, the Peace Agreement with Japan did not state clearly which country had sovereignty over the islands. The Vietnamese Prime Minister/Foreign Minister Tran Van Huu declared that Hoang Sa and Truong Sa were Vietnamese territories. None of the 51 countries participated protested. The USSR proposed that the two archipelagos be given to China, but it was rejected with 46 votes against, 3 votes for.
 
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III - Post- French colonialism
4/1956: South Vietnam replaced France in controlling the islands. Only the two largest islands Phu Lam (Woody Is.) and Linh Con had been taken by China before South Vietnamese forces were able to send their troops to the islands, in accordance with the 1954 Geneva Accords.

Throughout this time, South Vietnam continued to assert Vietnamese sovereignty over the islands and carried out relevant administrative tasks vis-à-vis the archipelagos.

1/6/1956: Foreign Minister Vu Van Mau of S. Vietnam re-affirmed sovereignty of Vietnam over the two archipelagos.

4/9/1958: China declared to the world about its 12 nautical mile territorial waters from the mainland. The included map depicts clear borders, and also include Hoang Sa and Truong as belonging to China.

The Prime Minister of North Vietnam, Pham Van Dong, sent China a formal note declaring North Vietnam’s respect of this decision.

13/7/1961: South Vietnam’s President Ngo Dinh Diem signed decree 174 NV which designates Hoang Sa as belonging to Quang Nam province.

19/1/1974: China invaded Hoang Sa, took control of the islands, after overcoming S. Vietnamese naval forces.

20/1/1974: The Temporary Revolutionary Government of S. Vietnam declared its opposition to this action by China.

14/2/1975: S. Vietnam released the White Papers detailing historical and legal evidence supporting Vietnam’s sovereignty over Hoang Sa and Truong Sa.

2/7/1976: Vietnam became re-unified under the name of Socialist Republic of Vietnam. This government now had the responsibility to protect Vietnam’s rights to these islands and continued to do so through the years in its constitutions, declarations, and various other official documents.

1979, 1981, 1988: Vietnam released White Papers detailing evidence supporting Vietnam’s sovereignty over Hoang Sa and Truong Sa.

9/12/1982: Vietnam placed Hoang Sa under the administrative governance of Quang Nam – Da Nang province.

6/11/1996: Vietnam transferred Hoang Sa from the old Quang Nam – Da Nang province, and placed it directlty under the city of Da Nang.

4/11/2002: China and ASEAN nations signed the Declaration of Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea in Phnom Phenh, Kampuchia as a step forward in resolving conflicts in the Eastern Sea and maintain stability in the region.

Link:Timeline of Paracel and Spratly Islands
Ho
 
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Hoang Sa annals makes its debut
image.jpeg

Hoang Sa island district people’s Commitee Chairman Dang Cong Ngu introduces about the Hoang Sa annals
Photo: VNA

The Hoang Sa Annals, containing historical documents and evidence regarding Vietnam ’s sovereignty over the Hoang Sa (Paracel) archipelago, made its debut in the central city of Da Nang on Jan. 9.

The over-200-page book is divided into four parts: Hoang Sa – sovereignty of Vietnam , State management of the Hoang Sa archipelago, Hoang Sa and historic witnesses, Da Nang people’s feelings on Hoang Sa.

The book also featured accounts by 24 people who lived and worked in the archipelagos during the 50s-70s of the 20th century on their time spent on Hoang Sa.

Dang Cong Ngu, Director of Da Nang city’s Home Affairs Department and Chairman of the Hoang Sa District People’s Committee, said the release of the annals aims to provide accurate, scientific and legitimate information for readers on the issues. At the ceremony, Nguyen Van Cuc, who used to work in the Hoang Sa archipelago, stressed the significance of the book in asserting the country’s sovereignty over the islands, where some of his co-workers had laid down their lives.

Pham Khoi, who worked in Hoang Sa in 1969-1970, drew a map of the Hoang Sa archipelago and presented it to the Hoang Sa District People’s Committee.

Link:Hoang Sa annals makes its debut - Society - TuoiTreNews
 
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More evidence on Hoang Sa fleet collected
A decree to assign a chief of the Hoang Sa (Paracel) fleet was found in Tam Thanh commune, Tam Ky city, the central province of Quang Nam.

The document is preserved in the worshipping house of the Le family, said the Tam Ky Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism on Feb. 1.

The decree, which was issued in 1838 by the chief of Nam Nghia province (now Quang Nam and Quang Ngai province), assigned Le Van Uoc as chief of the Quang Nam left fleet No. 1, in charge of the Hoang Sa archipelago.

Uoc was a member of the Le family in former Ha ward, Hoa Thanh commune, Ha Dong district (now Ha Thanh village, Tam Thanh commune, Tam Ky city).

The Le family also kept an order issued by the chief of Ha Dong district, telling Uoc to recruit seafarers for the fleet.

More evidence on Hoang Sa fleet collected - Society - TuoiTreNews
 
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Researchers suggest solutions to reclaim Hoang Sa
image.jpg

The monument for commemoration of the Hoang Sa Flotilla in Ly Son Island District, Quang Ngai Province
Photo: Tuoi Tre

Following Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung’s statement in a recent Q&A session at the National Assembly that Vietnam will reclaim its sovereignty over Hoang Sa (Paracel) Islands through peaceful measures, three Southeast Asian Sea Research Foundation experts have put forward some solutions for the issue.

Many of Vietnam’s feudal dynasties from the 17th to the 19th centuries asserted its sovereignty over the Hoang Sa islands by regularly dispatching naval fleets to the archipelago to conduct surveys on natural resources, collect valuables from sunken boats, build temples and plant trees.

The feudal administrations also collected tax from foreign boats operating in the sea areas around the islands and provided support to passing boats in distress.

This enforcement of sovereignty took place over a course of three centuries and did not face any objections or disputes from any other countries, including China. This proves that Hoang Sa has not been a terra nullius since at least the 17th century and Vietnam’s sovereignty over Hoang Sa is indisputable.

After France established its colonial rule in Vietnam in the 19th century, it represented Vietnam in exercising and defending her sovereignty over Hoang Sa. On October 14, 1950, the French Government officially handed over to King Bao Dai the right to manage Hoang Sa and Truong Sa (Spratly) Islands.

On August 22, 1956, after the French left Vietnam, the Government of the Republic of Vietnam immediately established its control over the islands to address China’s disputes over the two archipelagoes.

On July 2, 1976, the State of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam was established and has since become the legal successor of the Government of Republic of Vietnam in respect of sovereignty over Hoang Sa.
image.jpg

Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung: "Vietnam has enough legal and historical evidence for her sovereignty over Hoang Sa (Paracel) Islands" (Photo: Tuoi Tre)
In 1974 China occupied Hoang Sa by force when the archipelago was under control of the Government of Republic of Vietnam.

Despite the Chinese occupation of the archipelago, Vietnam established Hoang Sa as an administrative district of Quang Nam – Da Nang Province in December 1982.

Peaceful and legal measures to resolve disputes

Vietnam should avail itself of all international and regional forums, like the United Nations, APEC and ASEAN, to obtain support for her diplomatic struggle against China. The lack of international support will only make the already-difficult negotiation with China more difficult.

Vietnam should also make use of the power of public opinion, from ordinary Vietnamese to experts and scholars, to call for support from people, experts and scholars from other countries, and even to appeal to Chinese negotiators, in her dispute with China over the sovereignty over Hoang Sa.

Such measures must be consistent and strong but they must not damage Vietnam’s peaceful negotiation with China about Hoang Sa issues.

The Hoang Sa dispute should be included in the governance scope of the Code of Conduct in the East Sea and future similar documents.

The State should set up a specific agency that consists of experts in the fields of foreign affairs, history and international laws to initiate claims of Vietnam’s sovereignty over Hoang Sa in a peaceful manner.

The agency should study and learn from the territorial disputes among other countries like Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Cambodia, and Thailand, and prepare necessary juridical and historical evidence for referring the dispute to the International Court of Justice.

The country should negotiate with and apply pressure to China to obtain its agreement to refer the dispute to the International Court of Justice.

The State should provide necessary information about Vietnam’s sovereignty over Hoang Sa to every Vietnamese citizen and every Vietnamese overseas to call on them to take part in the struggle to reclaim Hoang Sa.
image.jpg

Students learn about Hoang Sa Islands through the exhibits displayed at the Hoang Sa Museum in Ly Son District, Quang Ngai Province (Photo: Tuoi Tre)
Hoang Sa has long belonged to Vietnam’s sovereignty: Prime Minister

In a recent Q&A session at the National Assembly on November 25, Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung said Vietnam would reclaim her sovereignty over Hoang Sa (Paracel) Islands, since the country has enough legal and historical evidence for her sovereignty over Hoang Sa as well as Truong Sa (Spratly).

“We took actual control over the two archipelagoes at least since the 17th century, when they were not under sovereignty of any country,” he said.

“In 1956 China used its troops to occupy a number of eastern islands of Hoang Sa and in 1974 it continued using force to wrest control of the entire archipelago from the Saigon Administration, or the Government of Republic of Vietnam.

“The Government of Republic of Vietnam subsequently condemned China for the occupation and requested the United Nations to intervene. The Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam at that time also issued an announcement to object the Chinese occupation.

“Our consistent stance is that Hoang Sa is under the sovereignty of Vietnam. It is our policy to reclaim our sovereignty over the archipelago through peaceful negotiations, based on the UN Charter, the UN Law on Seas Convention and the Code of Conduct in the East Sea.

Territorial occupation by force is not legal

Under the International Public Law, the use of force to occupy a territory has been rejected since the beginning of the 20th century.

This denial of the use of force to seize territory is specified in the UN General Assembly Resolution 2626 dated October 24, 1970: “The territory of a State shall not be the object of military occupation resulting from the use of force in contravention of the provisions of the Charter. The territory of a State shall not be the object of acquisition by another State resulting from the threat or use of force. No territorial acquisition resulting from the threat or use of force shall be recognized as legal.”

Therefore, the Chinese occupation of Hoang Sa by force has contravened the relevant international laws and shall not constitute China’s sovereignty over the archipelago.

Researchers suggest solutions to reclaim Hoang Sa - Society - TuoiTreNews
 
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Building Truong Sa to defend peace
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Tran Minh Quang at Tuoi Tre newsroom on June 14, 2011
Photo: Tuoi Tre

Launched in mid-May by Tuoi Tre newspaper, the “Let’s Build Truong Sa” fund has become expanded day by day with more donations from Vietnamese citizens living across the nation.

It has so far received almost VND5.8 billion (US$282,000) by the end of Wednesday. Many donators said their contributions to the fund count not much on physical value, but contain great hope, sharing of responsibilities towards building the nation stronger and peaceful.

On Tuesday, Tran Minh Quang introducing himself a Tan Phu District native of Chinese descent contributed VND5 million ($243) to the fund.

“I am a man of Chinese origin, but where I live and grow up is my homeland and I have duty to build and defend it,” he told Tuoi Tre.

“I wish my Vietnam to become stronger so that we will be no more suppressed.”

The other man Do Van Quyet from Bien Hoa Town of the southern Dong Nai Province rode his 6-year-old daughter to Tuoi Tre to make their contributions.

“My family want to donate VND1.5 million and my colleague Nguyen Thi Hanh Thuan sends me to give the fund her VND500,000.”

“I take my daughter Do Thao Vi with me here so that she can realize her duty later as a Vietnamese citizen. Truong Sa must be stronger to play the role of a shield of our nation,” he said.

Ha Thi Thanh Vien, 95, in Tan Binh District donated VND1 million ($49).

70-year-old veteran Nguyen Thi Nga from Binh Duong saved her full retirement salary for four months to donate VND10 million ($485).

“This sum is nothing compared to the difficulties and dangers our soldiers daily face on the remote islands,” Nga said.

Nguyen Thi Thanh Thuy came to Tuoi Tre to hand over VND100 million ($4,900) staffs of her company Hung Thinh in Tay Ninh assigned it to her.

Twin brothers Trinh Xuan Nhan and Trinh Xuan Nghia, 8, asked their mother to take to Tuoi Tre to give VND600,000 to the fund.

Building Truong Sa to defend peace - Let's Build Truong Sa - TuoiTreNews
 
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It doesn't matter how much you delude yourselves, Vietnam clowns, Paracel Islands now and always will be under control of your northern neighbor master superpower nation.
 
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It doesn't matter how much you delude yourselves, Vietnam clowns, Paracel Islands now and always will be under control of your northern neighbor master superpower nation.

China can't swallow Islands of Vietnam. HoangSa is under fire distance of our navy.
I guess that your are Manchus base on your avatar. You can begin to new struggles for independence of Manchu Guo.
 
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China can't swallow Islands of Vietnam. HoangSa is under fire distance of our navy.
I guess that your are Manchus base on your avatar. You can begin to new struggles for independence of Manchu Guo.

Lol go take it back if you dare
 
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