EU foreign representative Mogherini said that it is unacceptable that certain nations dont take back their citizens or only under hard circumstances. On the other side those nations elites are crazy for getting business and touristic visa for the EU. Germany alone gave 300.000 Visa in 2016 too nations who arent very cooperative.
The ones blamed are morocco, algeria, tunisia, nigeria, eritrea, ethiopia, egypt, india, pakistan and afghanistan.
This will end now. Under the demand from Germany and Italy Mogherini will create a list and install new requirements which will be sighned by the foreign ministers of the EU memberstates.
The basic line is:
When you dont take your citizens back, your children will not go study europe. You wont visit europe. You wont be able to make business with europe or send your wife on a shopping tour there.
This move hits the local elites hardest.
It was already tested by Italy and Germany who refused iranian students visas and send them back, some even in their mid therms. The result was, that Iran suddenly cooperated much better and deportations of iranian nationals run now pretty smooth.
I think thats a very promising way to deal with that problem. Hit the local elites.