Do we need military satellite? Take a look into where Pakistan stands in space

[PakSarzameen5823]

against India's confirmed ones from 38% to 11%.

https://www.pri.org/stories/2016-05...emains-huge-problem-worst-all-women-and-girls

 

[Soumitra]

https://www.pri.org/stories/2016-05...emains-huge-problem-worst-all-women-and-girls

2016 link We are now in 2019 bro

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com...oilet-before-ls-poll/articleshow/67342497.cms

According to updated data till tuesday evening the toilet coverage in villages has jumped from only 38.7% in October 2014 when Swacch Bharat Mission was launched to now at 98.5%

 

[Indx-techs]

https://www.pri.org/stories/2016-05...emains-huge-problem-worst-all-women-and-girls

Putting one link that even reinstating old data isn't going to strengthen your point in anyway. India as of 2018 has 98% coverage and 89% use.

Unlike your country which doesn't even know how much of its population has access to sanitation facilities.

 

[PakSarzameen5823]

India as of 2018 has 98% coverage and 89% use.

 

[.]

Dear we don’t even have the infrastructure to launch satellites into space . Hint- maybe that’s your grandmother telling you!!!

 

[Indx-techs]

According to most experts, Pakistan has missiles that actually land on target…

So, what are their CEPs against Indian counterparts?
AFAIK, as per MTCR reports, India makes 90+ out of 94 missile technologies against less than 50 of Pakistan. Those 94 technologies are integrated to make any missile/launch vehicle in world.

Plus for those "experts", I'm yet to find anyone other than on random Pakistani blogs.

and more than one cruise missile that actually works…. unlike India.

What did Pakistan develop inside that? Turbofans? Seekers?
Or why only cruise missiles? ATGMs, ARMs, LRBMs, Ramjets, Scramjets, different types of interceptors, SLBMs, AAMs, ASMs, FAE, AAWs, SAMs etc. or even a long spectrum that will also cover the content utilized inside missiles? Pakistan doesn't even have most sorts of missiles.

I see lot of Pakistanis bragging about having superiority in missile tech, I've hit my head against lappy but the entire stuff I found isn't as tall as bragging goes on.
Pakistan just has missiles, liquid fuel ones are even useless against interceptors.

 

[Arsalan 345]

Not only that, SUPARCO was formed before ISRO.
But look where ISRO and SUPARCO are now.

no funds for suparco.so much corruption here.

 

[xyx007]

So, what are their CEPs against Indian counterparts?
AFAIK, as per MTCR reports, India makes 90+ out of 94 missile technologies against less than 50 of Pakistan. Those 94 technologies are integrated to make any missile/launch vehicle in world.

Plus for those "experts", I'm yet to find anyone other than on random Pakistani blogs.

What did Pakistan develop inside that? Turbofans? Seekers?
Or why only cruise missiles? ATGMs, ARMs, LRBMs, Ramjets, Scramjets, different types of interceptors, SLBMs, AAMs, ASMs, FAE, AAWs, SAMs etc. or even a long spectrum that will also cover the content utilized inside missiles? Pakistan doesn't even have most sorts of missiles.

I see lot of Pakistanis bragging about having superiority in missile tech, I've hit my head against lappy but the entire stuff I found isn't as tall as bragging goes on.
Pakistan just has missiles, liquid fuel ones are even useless against interceptors.

This is real facts about cruise missile against S-400, S-300 and S-400 certainly can't intercept cruise missiles.
https://www.rferl.org/a/weher-was-the-s-300-s-400-missile-defense-systems/28417014.html
Time will tell when we engage with you and show you what we have in our plate , don't judge Pakistan based- on 1971, we don't like to tell our stories in fancy words. Sorry ,This your job to tell your charming stories, not ours.

 

[Indx-techs]

This is real facts about cruise missile against S-400, S-300 and S-400 certainly can't intercept cruise missiles.
https://www.rferl.org/a/weher-was-the-s-300-s-400-missile-defense-systems/28417014.html

Unrelated to our debate. Indeed, intercepting cruise missiles needs advanced CIWS & dedicated CIWS systems or supersonic low altitude ballistic missile interceptors can be used here. Nothing to do with S-400.

Time will tell when we engage with you and show you what we have in our plate , don't judge Pakistan based- on 1971,

Nobody judged except you. Look at your comment. It's you who's judging your power on the basis of "more than one cruise missiles systems".

You never saw towards the real broad spectrum of deterrence & technologies and confined to what you possess. It's teenager's nationalism.

As for 1971, gap between economy & firepower is much higher right now between India & Pak than that in 71. If Pakistan was capable of withstanding it, we would have seen 2 or 3 Kargils after 2005 or 2016 confrontation would have turned into a war.

But as Pak stepped back from its own doctrine, its a serious question on credibility of its deterrence. And its not a nationalistic comment but rational & realistic one.

we don't like to tell our stories in fancy words. Sorry ,This your job to tell your charming stories, not ours.

I don't think that me or my fellows cited any "fancies".
I've listed a few of technologies you most certainly not possess. Here's the complete list.
http://mtcr.info/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/MTCR-Handbook-2017-INDEXED-FINAL-Digital.pdf
There are a total of 94 defined missile technologies which have to be integrated to make any kind of missile.
Germany, USA, Russia, France, UK, PRC, India & Japan, each makes 90+ outta 94 technologies existing.
Pakistan, DPRK & Iran stand somewhere between 40 & 50. Obviously, you guys have to import the rest of stuff.

But as you can't import everything, charts of missiles of those countries are far longer and broader than your countries.
For why your missile systems are still better as you claim, I directly asked for "CEP" as explanation which you didn't reply.
US, Russia, China, France and India have very low CEPs even in very long range missiles.
I'm yet to see any Chinese, Indian, European or even an American or Russian declaring their missiles programs to be "best" in world.

Drama you guys do is kiddish.

 

[xyx007]

Unrelated to our debate. Indeed, intercepting cruise missiles needs advanced CIWS & dedicated CIWS systems or supersonic low altitude ballistic missile interceptors can be used here. Nothing to do with S-400.

Nobody judged except you. Look at your comment. It's you who's judging your power on the basis of "more than one cruise missiles systems".

You never saw towards the real broad spectrum of deterrence & technologies and confined to what you possess. It's teenager's nationalism.

As for 1971, gap between economy & firepower is much higher right now between India & Pak than that in 71. If Pakistan was capable of withstanding it, we would have seen 2 or 3 Kargils after 2005 or 2016 confrontation would have turned into a war.

But as Pak stepped back from its own doctrine, its a serious question on credibility of its deterrence. And its not a nationalistic comment but rational & realistic one.

I don't think that me or my fellows cited any "fancies".
I've listed a few of technologies you most certainly not possess. Here's the complete list.
http://mtcr.info/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/MTCR-Handbook-2017-INDEXED-FINAL-Digital.pdf
There are a total of 94 defined missile technologies which have to be integrated to make any kind of missile.
Germany, USA, Russia, France, UK, PRC, India & Japan, each makes 90+ outta 94 technologies existing.
Pakistan, DPRK & Iran stand somewhere between 40 & 50. Obviously, you guys have to import the rest of stuff.

But as you can't import everything, charts of missiles of those countries are far longer and broader than your countries.
For why your missile systems are still better as you claim, I directly asked for "CEP" as explanation which you didn't reply.
US, Russia, China, France and India have very low CEPs even in very long range missiles.
I'm yet to see any Chinese, Indian, European or even an American or Russian declaring their missiles programs to be "best" in world.

Drama you guys do is kiddish.

We never create hype for google audience for particular technology induction and some have gone to the extent of calling it a game changer for South Asia. I know you did your best on google to find out about pakistan missile system . as I told you when time come , you'll know .
One thing for you as google indian audience that We never allowed this (strategic) balance to be disturbed to our disadvantage; we have always found effective solutions to redress induced imbalances from time to time
look your BMD only had symbolic value and Pakistan's answer as MIRV is available today.
We also know it India was looking for space for fighting a limited war (Cold Start Doctorine ) with Pakistan , but we were trying to deprive it of that opportunity by coming up with responses like tactical deterrence like Nasar Missile.
Pakistan's response to India's nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine INS Arihant too could be found in full spectrum deterrence, which implied possession of a full array of strategic, tactical and operational weapons, having appropriate weapons yield, coverage and numbers, and liberty to choose targets.
This is our contribution to peace but India is pushing the region into an arms race that would have long-lasting consequences.

 

[maximuswarrior]

Not only that, SUPARCO was formed before ISRO.
But look where ISRO and SUPARCO are now.

You know why that is the case. SUPARCO was never a priority for any of our leaders. When your economy is not doing well, everything is going to suffer.

That will change in the coming years. Finally we have some leadership that is serious about changing the course of the nation. We also have China on our side just like you received a lot of input from others.

Stabilize your balance of payment first .

It is happening as we speak.

You should send some forces to Afghanistan. Remember your contract with Uncle Sam. Cannot afford to breach it.

Space is a domain of future conflict, as new warfare seems to be in space rather than on earth; the reason that along with the USA many other countries are catching up in space race e.g. China and off-course Russia. Both of these countries are pursuing expensive space mission programs is an open secret. Even our neighboring country India, as compared to Pakistan, is growing much faster in various space mission programs.

It was Zia-ul-Haq regime when Space and Upper Research Commission of Pakistan (SUPARCO) suffered cut in funding to them. While on the other hand, with the expansion in the economy, R & D funds for scientific programs in India have grown with the passage of time. Till the date, Pakistan has been able to launch in total 6 satellite namely BADR-1, BADR-B, PakSAT-1R, iCube-1 and two recently launched satellites called PRSS-1 and PakTES-1A, as compared to 104 satellite by India, besides their unmanned mission to mars and moon.

Achievements, like AVATAR space-plane, IRNSS as a low-cost program and interstellar mission made them 50 years ahead of us. In addition, Lockheed Martin and Swedish SAAB are interested in shifting their production lines to India, which is not the case if we take Pakistan.

On the other hand, when Pakistan was planning to launch its indigenous satellite into orbit, India planned to visit Venus, revisit mars and planned to launch multiple military satellites into space.

But what should really alarm Pakistan is that India has already 13 military satellites in space orbit for purpose of surveillance and secret war agendas as compared to none by us. While keeping in view security situation and geostrategic position and our sour diplomatic relations with neighboring countries (along with USA), Pakistan is even more in need of military satellites than any other country in the region.

Now the question is; what is the current international scenario in terms of military space programs? To answer this, I will quote Deborah Lee James, who is the last Air Force secretary “There is a real possibility that a conflict on Earth could bleed into space.”

In this context, it’s important to mention here that to have dominance in space Trump administration has currently suggested to have a separate military division called” space force” with a four-star general in command and the purpose of this separate division (if materialize) will be to solely use space for military purposes.

Space war center will be established to tackle any threat to military missions. For example, military satellite (in fact all satellites) contains internet. And there is always a potential threat of not only hacking secret data, but day to day activities like banking, mobile services etc can also be disturbed or held if hackers mess with satellite signals and jam the satellite (and it is widely known fact that India has always remained on the top of hackers list). But just to stay on the topic, military satellites besides navigation, are used to track enemy jets and planes, can take pictures of intelligence services, and most important can control potential threat of missile attack.

Now the question is; where does Pakistan stand in terms of space security? As already mentioned above, Pakistan has recently launched two remote sensing satellites from China’s Jiuquan Satellite Centre on 9 July 2018. One is indigenously built, while other, PRSS-1 which is optical remote sensing satellite is purchased from China. Though its current function will be landscape survey and management, agriculture and disaster management, it will also be used to monitor the route and development of Corridor Project (CPEC). This satellite will give remote sensing information of CPEC project. Satellite service would help secure those CPEC areas which can be vulnerable to terrorist attacks and criminal activities etc.

However, in my view, this satellite can be equally beneficial to monitor tribal belt, where ground communication infrastructure is still insecure or inefficient or even to monitor Pak-Afghan border fencing on the Durand line and it’s quite sane to have less dependency on USA surveillance system when there is a clear possibility of their evacuation from Afghanistan in the coming year(s); current Moscow summit is an indication of that.

However, Pakistan has done some breakthrough in its space program, for example launching a locally build satellite before 2040 and is planning to send its astronaut into space in 2022. But still, ground realities cannot be overlooked. For example, as compared to India Pakistan is less involved in space-related activities i.e. from grass root level- outreach programs to applied side of knowledge.

On the other side in India, not only Indian Space-Research Organisation (ISRO) but multiple NGOs/non-profits are working in space science and we don’t have any single non-profit or private company in the space business. We have only nonprofit in the social sector and it’s an open secret that these NGOs are backed by foreign agendas and many have remained involved in anti-state and anti-Islamic activities and were warned and even banned by the interior ministry when was headed by Chaudry Nisar.

So why not to pursue non-profit in positive activities at least in outreach activities i.e. targeting youth and educating them in space science (and off-course there is more need to pursue applied side of the space application program, as a need of an hour due to our security situation). I have noticed that our youth is interested but motivation is lacking from professional institutes and organizations side.

For example, during May, I happened to attend an event at IST Islamabad called “Actinspace”. It is an International innovation contest, Organized by the French Space Agency (CNES), ESA and ESA sud France (who started operation in 2013). Though the event was designed for students but was open for everyone including entrepreneur and private companies etc. The contest was to make use of patents, technologies and satellite data made available by these sponsors (mentioned above) for commercial use, and the aim was to foster business start-ups. The challenges were based on high-level technologies but unfortunately, I barely saw any entrepreneurs or professional institutes or any private companies participating.

While on the other hand, in advance countries students and professionals work side by side and that is the reason their R & D sector is strong and higher education is more research and innovation oriented. In this contest, there were many topics offered that could be beneficial for military purpose (even on small scale) in the future. For example topics like; orbital internet service for a satellite to strengthen space communication infrastructure capable of providing network access to the satellite in low earth orbit and which in return could enhance efficiency in data transfer, communication, satellite guidance and locating devices etc.

Application on determining one’s position accurately and reliably on earth, which can be used in the field of transport, scientific expeditions, military campaign through improving accuracy and reliability of current global navigation systems. It maps out the areas covered and the dead zone, i.e. those not covered by the main fixed SBASs (Satellite-based augmentation Systems) and in case of the military this technology can be used as a kind of mobile SBAS system, enabling troops to find their positions reliably anywhere in the world and to conduct military operations in isolated regions, etc.

In addition an innovative application on infrared camera that is star detection system can operate during both day and night, at high and low altitudes. The system can be used to monitor the attitude of both aeronautical and space vehicles, especially in cases where the alternative system such as GNSS, work poorly or not at all (e.g. for missiles, stratospheric balloons, etc). Topic on sensor for optical or other type of space surveillance to check satellite’s physical integrity, identify the position of damaged satellite or determining the type of space debris etc. Along with these topics, many others were offered for multiple civil-military uses.

Here, I would like to mention that in the context of Pakistan, space science needs volunteerism and unfortunately that is less practiced if I compare province of KPK with others and the reason is they are unaware of its importance and focus remains always on more conventional fields by the government.

However, I have seen spirit and enthusiasm in youth towards space science, but unfortunately professionals and teaching and management staff at educational institutes barely get indulge din any volunteer activity if they are not paid directly.

This is the reason this year World Space Week (WSW), which is an international space event and celebrated and conducted around the world, in the month of October, was not conducted in KPK while in other cities, it was celebrated with zeal.

UET Peshawar, which is being funded by SUPARCO from last many years to conduct this activity in KP educational institutes, showed least interest while youth were prepared with enthusiasm to participate in WSW.

In a nut hell, this kind of attitude should be discouraged so that our youth could be fruitfully indulged in activities that are in the greater interest of our nation as a whole.

https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/lifestyle/pakistans-first-ever-trans-pride-parade-held-in-lahore/

Only a matter of time. We will get there. It is all about priorities and recovering the economy.

Ousting a Modi worshipper like Nawazoo will help a lot.

 

[Indx-techs]

We never create hype for google audience for particular technology induction

It's much defined about how do you define "hype". Chinese flaunting here particularly is seen as move of century and Indian arrogance is mocked down. For Pakistanis, its even more obvious it being their own forum.

and some have gone to the extent of calling it a game changer for South Asia. I know you did your best on google to find out about pakistan missile system . as I told you when time come , you'll know .

I'm not concerned about Pakistani missile systems "because they are Pakistani".

I'm just a defence enthusiast try to be neutral with a touch of Indian interest perspective and study everything. For Pakistan, given its low R&D budget & limuted industrial facilities, I think it has achieved most of its potential.

My attack was over boasting on "more than one cruise missile systems" ignoring complete spectrum because this thread had got into comparing technological prowesses. My point remains yet, you guys don't make critical parts of cruise missiles yet. And I have given you the link to sort everything out I guess.

One thing for you as google indian audience that We never allowed this (strategic) balance to be disturbed to our disadvantage; we have always found effective solutions to redress induced imbalances from time to time
look your BMD only had symbolic value and Pakistan's answer as MIRV is available today.

Ever heard of Indian exo atmospheric interceptors series? PDV & Program AD. They're going to get operational even before you get MIRV functional.

Anyways, I'm not here to debate strategic forces. I've been contradicting a point most certainly which was concerned with "superiority" of Pakistani missile systems AFAIK which somehow was diverted from ISRO vs SUPARCO.

We also know it India was looking for space for fighting a limited war (Cold Start Doctorine ) with Pakistan , but we were trying to deprive it of that opportunity by coming up with responses like tactical deterrence like Nasar Missile.

Nasr is concerned with neutralizing Indian forces on battle field or Pakistani terrain in case of any Indian expedition.
It's nothing new but Pakistan's own old doctrine. Difference is that you guys didn't have capability to execute your doctrine in past, now you are capable.

Indian doctrines are known to get changed with time as military balances change. Pre emptive strikes just add unpredictability to spectrum.
Surgical strikes happened or not, Pakistan's ambiguity in 2016 stand off reflected its own disapproval of doctrine.

Pakistan's response to India's nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine INS Arihant too could be found in full spectrum deterrence, which implied possession of a full array of strategic, tactical and operational weapons, having appropriate weapons yield, coverage and numbers, and liberty to choose targets.

AFAIK, military build up needs budget and this factor has widened gap between India and Pakistan greatly since 90s since Indian Economy gained momentum.

Even look at recent trends, Pakistan always used to carry out a missile test if India tested one even if unrelated.
This year, India had 14+ tests, Pakistan had 1.

This is our contribution to peace but India is pushing the region into an arms race that would have long-lasting consequences.

India never pushed any country into arms race. Other neighbours too are living calmly. It's only you guys. India's military expenditure in terms of percentage is relatively low.
At first, India itself is 60% of land, 70% of population and 80% of Economy of this region and its economic share is increasing. If any race was there actually, it was won by India long ago.

It is only large country left in region ever since secession of East Pakistan from IRP.
Second, India was mindful of its inetrnational position against P5, specially against Russia & China in Asia. And it has been a relevant country in global affairs if not powerful.
For Pakistan, indeed its relevant neighbor for India. it keeps a large chunk of Indian military busy which could be used for expeditions otherwise. It blocks India's access to west & central Asia too which otherwise would have multiplied India's exports multiplying economy led by profits.

 

[xyx007]

It's much defined about how do you define "hype". Chinese flaunting here particularly is seen as move of century and Indian arrogance is mocked down. For Pakistanis, its even more obvious it being their own forum.

I'm not concerned about Pakistani missile systems "because they are Pakistani".

I'm just a defence enthusiast try to be neutral with a touch of Indian interest perspective and study everything. For Pakistan, given its low R&D budget & limuted industrial facilities, I think it has achieved most of its potential.

My attack was over boasting on "more than one cruise missile systems" ignoring complete spectrum because this thread had got into comparing technological prowesses. My point remains yet, you guys don't make critical parts of cruise missiles yet. And I have given you the link to sort everything out I guess.

Ever heard of Indian exo atmospheric interceptors series? PDV & Program AD. They're going to get operational even before you get MIRV functional.




Anyways, I'm not here to debate strategic forces. I've been contradicting a point most certainly which was concerned with "superiority" of Pakistani missile systems AFAIK which somehow was diverted from ISRO vs SUPARCO.

Nasr is concerned with neutralizing Indian forces on battle field or Pakistani terrain in case of any Indian expedition.
It's nothing new but Pakistan's own old doctrine. Difference is that you guys didn't have capability to execute your doctrine in past, now you are capable.

Indian doctrines are known to get changed with time as military balances change. Pre emptive strikes just add unpredictability to spectrum.
Surgical strikes happened or not, Pakistan's ambiguity in 2016 stand off reflected its own disapproval of doctrine.

AFAIK, military build up needs budget and this factor has widened gap between India and Pakistan greatly since 90s since Indian Economy gained momentum.

Even look at recent trends, Pakistan always used to carry out a missile test if India tested one even if unrelated.
This year, India had 14+ tests, Pakistan had 1.

India never pushed any country into arms race. Other neighbours too are living calmly. It's only you guys. India's military expenditure in terms of percentage is relatively low.
At first, India itself is 60% of land, 70% of population and 80% of Economy of this region and its economic share is increasing. If any race was there actually, it was won by India long ago.

It is only large country left in region ever since secession of East Pakistan from IRP.
Second, India was mindful of its inetrnational position against P5, specially against Russia & China in Asia. And it has been a relevant country in global affairs if not powerful.
For Pakistan, indeed its relevant neighbor for India. it keeps a large chunk of Indian military busy which could be used for expeditions otherwise. It blocks India's access to west & central Asia too which otherwise would have multiplied India's exports multiplying economy led by profits.

if you are not in arm race , why India showed its first muscles by detonating nuclear bomb in 1974.
Because of India . Pakistan built its complete defence system as deterrence to India aggression. We understand that you want to build Akhand Bharat , That dream of india is biggest arm race threat in region.
in this lust , you guys spend too much , now can't even pay your own employee
https://www.thequint.com/amp/story/news/india/broke-hals-reserves-lowest-ever-borrows-money-to-pay-employees


We understand this threat , PDV is actually a predecessor to another exo-atmospheric interceptor currently under development that can neutralize RVs at altitudes of over 300 km. Taken together this means that India has all the elements in place for a direct ascent counter space system that can potentially be used for anti-satellite purposes. I am sure we also in process to counter-measure this threat in minimum budget.

 

[Indx-techs]

Finally we have some leadership that is serious about changing the course of the nation.

For now, they've cut down SUPARCO's budget from $75 millions to $45 millions.

We also have China on our side just like you received a lot of input from others.

China itself got it initially from Soviet Union. Specially modern launch vehicle & nuclear tech from US after 90s Loreal Satellite scam.
India's initial launcher was assisted by Soviets while Japanese by Americans. But all major spacefaring countries have poured billions into their programs after initial foreign supports.

if you are not in arm race , why India showed its first muscles by detonating nuclear bomb in 1974.

Second, India was mindful of its inetrnational position against P5, specially against Russia & China in Asia.

Because of India . Pakistan built its complete defence system as deterrence to India aggression. We understand that you want to build Akhand Bharat , That dream of india is biggest arm race threat in region.
in this lust , you guys spend too much , now can't even pay your own employee
https://www.thequint.com/amp/story/news/india/broke-hals-reserves-lowest-ever-borrows-money-to-pay-employees

What kind of judgement is this? HAL is an individual manufacturing PSU right now running short of budget because private companies taken away contracts and its own mismanagement.

India military budget is 1.9% of GDP.

 

[MimophantSlayer]

You know why that is the case. SUPARCO was never a priority for any of our leaders. When your economy is not doing well, everything is going to suffer.

That will change in the coming years. Finally we have some leadership that is serious about changing the course of the nation. We also have China on our side just like you received a lot of input from others.

ISRO wasn't too high up the to-do list for our government either and during the 60s-70s India and pakistan's economy weren't that different.
ISRO had started off with literally nothing.

You will need real vision if pakistan wants to become a true space faring nation. Decide 30-40 years in advance, integrate educational institutions and various other state organizations, make new organizations, not fear failures, not let the pakistani missile program hold SUPARCO hostage, resources wise you'll need to sacrifice a lot, absolute political will from all political parties and in pakistan's case army as well.
A few tests here and there and just depending on bigger nations isn't going to cut it. We saw first hand that no matter how much of an ally you think your ally is, they won't help you indefinitely and in the end you are on your own.

It is constant uphill battle. Like......

Not too long ago when ISRO was to test its cryogenic engine, everyone was so sure we will not be able to do it, that it was taking too much time and that we'll be stuck with the PSLVs forever.
People from inside and outside India told us even mocked us to stay within our "aukaat". We didn't though, we took the risk and after 20 long years had our first cryo engine and now we have 2 cryo engines and going into reusable systems.

The time is soon upon the world when space too will be weaponized, and pakistan is already late in that front.
And if SUPARCO isn't thinking of launching a PSLV type medium lift rocket in the next 10-20 years then pakistan is already too late.