Brazil Economy | News & Updates

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2 - JIRAU AND SANTO ANTONIO HYDROELECTRIC POWERPLANTS (Rondonia State)
On the Madeira River, Southern Amazon
Joint capacity 6,45GW
Partly operational since 2012.

 

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A series of large hydro plants to be built on the Tapajós River, totalling 11-13GW of installed capacity, the first units to be licensed by 2014 and start construction by 2015-2016. Most units are just vague plans.

Units:
UHE São Luiz do Tapajós
UHE Jatobá
UHE Jamanxim
UHE Cachoeira do Caí
UHE Cachoeira dos Patos

OTHER PROJECTS

Usina de Teles Pires (Teles Pires river, Mato Grosso state) - 1.8GW - completion 2015 - (wiki)

SOLAR AND WIND

In 2013 wind provided roughly 4% of Brazil's electricty, and expansion is very rapid.

Brazil's Wind Potential Map

Largest generating unit in Brazil is in Rio Grande do Norte state (1,2GW)


NUCLEAR

Brazil currently operates two commercial nuclear reactors, both at the Angra dos Reis facility, between Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. The first power plant Angra I became operational in 1982, the second Angra II became operational in 2002. Angra III is under construction for operations by 2018.

Current capacity is around 2GW, Angra III will add another 1,2GW to the complex. Further plans for around 7 nuclear powerplants in Brazil have existed since the 70s, but are currently on hold.

NATURAL GAS & COAL

Pecém Energia powerplant near Pecém Port, Ceará state. Largest coal-fired thermal powerplant in Brazil, 720GW

Uruguaiana natural gas powerplant (450MW)

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PETROLEUM AND REFINERIES

Refep Refinery in Rio Grande do Sul


Thesis on petroleum refining in Brazil


**CANCELLED** PREMIUM I REFINERY (Macabeira, Maranhão state) - most expensive infrastructure project in Brazil today (R$40 billion, US$20 billion)

It will be the 5th largest refinery in the world, handling 1/3 of Brazil's petroleum production

Official PAC webiste


General Information

Premium I is being built in the city of Bacabeira, 60 km from São Luis (MA). It, which will be our biggest refinery, will produce high-quality fuels. In its first phase, the new facility will have a throughput of 300,000 barrels/day. Once work has been fully completed this figure will reach 600,000 barrels/day.

Location:
BR 402, Km 01 - Bacabeira - MA
CEP: 65143-000


Technical Features

First phase throughput will be 300,000 barrels/day. Upon completion of the works, it will be 600,000 barrels/day.

The Premium I refinery will produce diesel fuel, jet fuel, petrochemical naphtha, LPG (cooking gas), bunker (fuel for ships) and coke.

Brief status of the works

The Premium I Refinery project is at the assessment stage. A hundred percent of the earthwork has been completed in the southern area of the plot, within the project's schedule.

The refinery is in our 2014-2018 Business and Management Plan bidding portfolio. Invitations were issued to the market relating to the hydrogen generation and water and wastewater treatment units in March. The first stage of Premium I is expected to come on stream in 2018.

Production to start by 2017, completion by 2022. Diesel, cooking gas, kerosene, naphtha.



**CANCELLED** Premium II Refinery to be located in neighboring Ceará state


Refinaria Abreu Lima (Ipojuca, Pernambuco state) - construction started in 2007, originally budgeted at US$ 2 billion, now costs are estimated at US$20 billion. It will be the first major refinery built entirely with Brazilian technology. It entered operational stage in 2014, and will have an ultimate capacity of 250,000 barrels/day in 2017.

Comperj - major refinery under construction in Rio de Janeiro. Expected to open in 2016. Capacity 165,000 barrels/day.

EXISTING

Paulínia Refinery, Sao Paulo state - largest refinery in Brazil, capacity 450,000 barrels/day

Presidente Bernardes Refinery, operational since 1955, Santos/Cubatão (Sao Paulo state)

Most of Brazil's oil comes from off-shore platforms, such as P-55

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WATER, SANITATION

São Paulo's Rivers Decontamination

Projeto Tietê

Phase I and II complete, phase III to be complete by 2025. By 2018, 100% of the city's waste waters will be treated, but 30% of the pollution comes from air pollution and dirty rain waters.

Percentage of households with collected and treated sewage, by state, 2010

São Paulo - 90,74%
Distrito Federal -87,87%
Rio de Janeiro - 85,30%
Minas Gerais - 77,49%
Santa Catarina - 75,59%
Rio Grande do Sul - 73,59%
Espírito Santo - 72,90%
Paraná - 64,16%
Pernambuco - 53,31%
Bahia - 49,58%
Sergipe - 48,93%
Paraíba - 47,93%
Goiás - 47,84%
Rio Grande do Norte - 44,15%
Roraima - 42,26%
Ceará - 42,23%
Amazonas - 40,24%
Mato Grosso do Sul - 37,68%
Mato Grosso - 35,40%
Acre - 33,54%
Alagoas - 31,29%
Pará - 29,15%
Piauí - 28,65%
Tocantins - 28,22%
Maranhão - 25,08%
Amapá - 22,30%
Rondônia - 22,18%

Percentage of municipalities with sewage treatment

1-Distrito Federal - 100,0%
2-São Paulo - 99,8%
3-Espírito Santo - 97,4%
4-Rio de Janeiro - 92,4%
5-Minas Gerais - 91,6%
6-Pernambuco - 88,1%
7-Paraíba -73,1%
8-Ceará -69,6%
9-Bahia - 51,3%
10-Mato Grosso do Sul - 44,9%
11-Paraná - 42,1%
12-Alagoas - 41,2%
13-Rio Grande do Sul - 40,5%
14-Roraima - 40,0%
15-Rio Grande do Norte - 35,3%
16-Santa Catarina - 35,2%
17-Sergipe - 34,7%
18-Amapá - 31,3%
19-Goiás - 28,0%
20-Acre - 27,3%
21-Mato Grosso - 19,1%
22-Amazonas - 17,7%
23-Tocantins - 12,9%
24-Rondônia - 9,6%
25-Maranhão - 6,5%
26-Pará - 6,3%
27-Piauí - 4,5%

SOCIAL SECURITY, HOUSING & LAND REFORM

National Geographical Institute 2013 Social Development Report (Síntese de Indicadores Sociais IBGE)

Federal Social Housing Project (Minha Casa Minha Vida)
Official website

PDF on housing deficit

420,000 homes donated to low-income houses as of April 2013
Over 300,000 homes sold on subsidized credit
Over 1 million homes to be built and sold on subsidized credit in the next few years
In total 1,4 million homes delivered by the project as of late 2013, about 700,000 to be delivered in the next few years

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BRIDGES

Current:

Rio-Niteroi bridge - 14km - 1974 - longest bridge in Brazil

Manaus-Iranduba bridge - Manaus (North) - 3.5km - 2011
image hosted on flickr

Kubitschek bridge - urban - Brasília - 2002

João Alves - Aracaju (Sergipe state, Northeast)

 

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Pará-Manituba bridge - Belém (Pará state, North)

Newton Navarro bridge - Natal (Rio Grande do Norte state, Northeast) - 2,7km - 2007

Vitória-Vila Velha bridge - Vitória (Southeast) -

Ponte Rodoferroviária (1998 - Paraná river, border Sao Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul states) - part of Ferronorte Railroad that links the Midwest to Sao Paulo's port of Santos

 

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Francisco de Sá railroad bridge over the Paraná river, some 250km south of the bridge above

Porto de Alencastro bridge (2003, Mato Grosso do Sul - Minas Gerais)

Hercílio Luz bridge (1926, Florianópolis - Santa Catarina state) - closed and eternally under renovation

Brazil-Peru border bridge

Golberto Amado bridge, 2002, links Bahia and Alagoas states

Dutra railroad bridge over Paraguai river, 1947, part of Noroeste railroad

Pedro II bridge near Paulo Afonso hydro plant, Bahia

Paulo Afonso hanging bridge

 

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U/C and planned:

Salvador-Itaparica bridge - 12km - construction start: 2014/2015

URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE

SAO PAULO


Tietê Marginal Freeway - reputed the world's second busiest urban freeway (after Toronto's 401)

Marginal Pinheiros Freeway

Octavio Frias Bridge (2008)

 

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May 23rd/South Corridor - Downtown-South urban freeway

Itaquera World Cup Stadium freeway and overpasses

Radial Leste (East Side Freeway)

 

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For Sao Paulo's metro system, please visit the Sao Paulo Public Transport thread

Barra Funda intermodal station (metro, suburban rail, bus)

Brás station

Luz station

Sé station

 

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RIO DE JANEIRO

International Airport Freeway (Estrada do Galeão)

Linha Vermelha (Red Freeway)

Joá Elevated - linking South Side with Barra da Tijuca (West Side)

 

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Avenida Brasil

Rio de Janeiro metro, suburban rail, BRT - please visit the BRAZIL URBAN TRANSPORT COMPILATION thread

Central do Brasil station

Subway station

BRT system

International Airport BRT station

Salvador urban freeway and overpasses

 

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Recife "Via Mangue" freeway

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Avenida Brasil

Rio de Janeiro metro, suburban rail, BRT - please visit the BRAZIL URBAN TRANSPORT COMPILATION thread

Central do Brasil station

Subway station

 

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BRT system

International Airport BRT station

Salvador urban freeway and overpasses

Recife "Via Mangue" freeway

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Brazilian science and technology

The airplane Embraer 190 produced by Brazilian aircraft company Embraer.

Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron in the city of Campinas.

Internal view of Embraer 120airplane produced in the city of São José dos Campos.

Fiocruz Institute in the city of Rio de Janeiro.

Brazilian Science and Technology have achieved a significant position in the international arena in the last decades. The central agency for science and technology in Brazil is the Ministry of Science and Technology, which includes the CNPq and Finep. This ministry also has direct supervision over the National Institute for Space Research (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais - INPE), the National Institute of Amazonian Research (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA), and the National Institute of Technology (Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia - INT). The ministry is also responsible for the Secretariat for Computer and Automation Policy (Secretaria de Política de Informática e Automação - SPIA), which is the successor of the SEI. The Ministry of Science and Technology, which the Sarney government created in March 1985, was headed initially by a person associated with the nationalist ideologies of the past. Although the new minister was able to raise the budget for the science and technology sector, he remained isolated within the government and had no influence on policy making for the economy.

With the new ministry, the science and technology agencies increased in size but lost some of their former independenceand flexibility, and they became more susceptible to patronage politics. Most of the resources of the CNPq were channeled to fellowship programs that had no clear procedures for quality control and no mechanisms to make the fellows active in the country's science and technology institutions. New groups competed for resources and control of the country's agencies of science, technology, and higher education. These groups included political parties, unionized university professors and employees, scientific societies, and special interest groups within the scientific and technological community. The SBPC (Brazilian Society for Scientific Development) shed its image as a semi-autonomous association of scientists to become an active lobbyist for more public resources and the protection of national technology from international competition.

IPT - Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas de São Paulo.

Rocket VSB-30 is assembled with its load util.

Center of Biological Sciences of Federal University of Viçosa.

A Brazilian-made Embraer of Brazilian Armed Forces.