Brazil Economy | News & Updates

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I'm Creating this thread for Brazil economy, Brazil is an important player in today world and it's economy is world's seventh largest economy by nominal GDP, and the seventh largest by purchasing power parity..

Brazil Population :

• The current population of Brazil is 209,363,708 as of Thursday, May 19, 2016, based on the latest United Nations estimates.
• Brazil population is equivalent to 2.83% of the total world population.
• Brazil ranks number 5 in the list of countries by population.
• The population density in Brazil is 25 per Km2 (65 people per mi2).
• The total land area is 8,349,320 Km2 (3,223,689 sq. miles)
• 84 % of the population is urban (176,361,649 people in 2016)
• The median age in Brazil is 31.7 years.

- Share Pictures of Brazil infrastructure development including the services and facilities necessary for its economy to function,technical structures such as roads, bridges,tunnels, water supply, electrical grids, telecommunications,rail networks and so forth.

 

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RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION

Total existing railroad network: 28,300 km
Total railroad network in use: 22,800 km

Expansion: around 4,500 km of new railroads under construction. High-Speed rail link planned between São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro.

Broad gauge - 1.600 m: 4,057 km
Standard gauge - 1.435 m: 202.4 km
Metric gauge - 1.000 m: 23,489 km
Mixed gauge - 1.600(1.435)/1.000m : 336 km

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EFVM - Estrada de Ferro Vitória a Minas - operated by mining giant Vale, world's second largest mining company

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EFC - Estrada de Ferro Carajás - also operated by Vale, links São Luís in Maranhão to the deep mining area of Carajás in the Amazon (Pará state)

 

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Passenger service was virtually abolished during the privatizations in the 1990's, but even before that, since the late 1970's, passenger trains had slipped into virtual irrelevance and very low quality due to decades of underinvestments and the rise of the bus, the car and the airplane.

Currently there are only two regularly scheduled passenger trainn services in Brazil, both operated by mining giant Vale Company along its own railroads. The most important one connects Belo Horizonte (Brazil's third largest metropolis) to Vitória (capital of Estpirito Santo state) along the Estrada de Ferro Vitória a Minas (Vitória to Minas Railroad, EFVM), taking approx. 13 hours.

Belo Horizonte-Vitória daily train:

Rio passengers benefits from Chinese trains: China Factors Special, Part I

 

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Rio de Janeiro Corcovado mountain train

Minas Gerais - Ouro Preto - Mariana historical cities train - both modern diesel and heritage steam loco services

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There are a number of projects being discussed since the year 2000:


High Speed Rail HSR (TAV) São Paulo - Rio de Janeiro

The São Paulo - Rio High Speed Rail (TAV - Trem de Alta Velocidade), which has been under serious discussion since 2007. Financial and political difficulties have delayed bidding and no contracts have been awarded as of late 2013. as of now details unknown,i will update it later on....

Proposals to link São Paulo city to neighboring large cities are under serious discussion by the State Government. The proposed links are Sorocaba to the West, Santos to the South, and Jundiaí to the North (in parallel to the proposed Campinas link of the HSR). The easiest and most likely link to be built is the Sorocaba link, and the second most likely to be built is the Santos link, given the huge demand for travel to the coast, in spite of the huge difficulty of traversing the 750 m downhill to the coast.

[General statewide plans PDF][Santos Regional Rail PDF]


Maringá-Londrina train ("Trem Pé-Vermelho") - Paraná state

152km, serving 13 cities, 20,000 p/day, funds for project approved in 2014. New rail line to be built in parallel to existing line. Probably diesel.

 

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HIGHWAYS

Raposo Tavares highway, Sao Paulo

road in somewhere very distant in Brazil


Total road network: circa 2 million km (4th largest network in the world)
Total paved network: 230,000 km
Total divided highways (duplicated): 11,000km

A recent Federal Government concession package (2013-2015) is transfering care and expansion projects of 10,000km of federal highways to private concessionaires. Some 6,800km are being transformed into divided highways/ dual carriageways. This package will dramatically increase highway quality throughout the country.

SÃO PAULO RINGROAD (RODOANEL MÁRIO COVAS) - 75% operational, final conclusion 2016

Conceived to divert highway through-traffic away from the city's congested highways and the "old ringroad" already engulfed by urban development. The West section opened in 2002, the South section in 2010. The East section opened in July, 2014. The North section started construction in 2012 and is expected to open by 2016.
Video

Map

ANHANGUERA COMPLEX - Sao Paulo

Series of projects to modernize Anhanguera Highway, connecting Sao Paulo city to interior

 

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Opened almost entirely in mid 2014

BR-116

length: 4,500km

The most important highway in Brazil, nationwide from north to south, fully paved. Each major section between large cities has different names.

BR-116 - São Paulo-Rio section (Dutra) - The most important section, being the main link between Brazil's two largest metropolitan regions.

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pictures of 2015:

 

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AMAZONIAN ROAD PAVING AND CONSTRUCTION

BR-230 TRANSAMAZONIAN

The Transamazônica (Transamazonian Highway) is being paved through the Tapajos river, though no schedule for full pavement has been revealed.

BR-319

The highway from Porto Velho to Manaus is 860km long but was poorly built in the 80s and eventually fell into disrepair. Currently usable only in extremities, full restoration is schedule to end by 2017(?).

2015 pic of new bridges

Federal Government page on Private Federal Highway Concessions


SP-99 - Tamoios (Eastern Greater Sao Paulo - Northern coastal SP state)

Already twinned on highland section, the hill section and the rings around Sao Sebastiao and Caraguatatuba will be operational by 2018

SP-160 - Imigrantes Highway, from Santos region to Sao Paulo city. First section (Santos-Sao Paulo) completed in 1976, second section (Sao Paulo-Santos) completed in 2002

 

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BR-040 (RIO - BELO HORIZONTE section)

This national highway connects Rio to Belo Horizonte to Brasilia and beyond. The hilly section between Rio and Petropolis is being twinned and will include Brazil's longest highway tunnel, with about 4km. The remainder to Belo Horizonte will be a divided highway fully within a few years. The BH-Brasilia section is also being fully duplicated.


BR-163

source

Main section connects Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso and Pará states. Granted in concession in 2014, it is being twinned in its southern sections and paved / twinned in its Amazonian section (Cuiabá-Santarém) providing an alternative route for central Brazil's gargantuan agrarian production, which today has to be funneled to the Southern ports.

 

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"Freeway" in Rio Grande do Sul state

BR-448 bridge near Porto Alegre (Estrada do Parque)

BR-101 (FLORIANOPOLIS - PORTO ALEGRE section)

Being fully duplicated, one of the biggest highway projects in the country right now. Includes Anita Garibaldi bridge (Laguna bridge) 2,8km long.

BR-101 (ESPIRITO SANTO SECTION)

 

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PORTS AND WATERWAYS

Largest Ports

Santos (São Paulo) -

Brazil's largest port by any measure, responding for over 30% of Brazil's foreign trade. It serves Sao Paulo city & state and much of Brazil's Center-West. By most accounts, it is also Latin America's largest and busiest port.

Official Presentation video

Other main ports

Paranaguá - serves Paraná state, Curitiba city, 5% of Brazil's foreign trade

Itajaí - serves Santa Catarina state, 6% of Brazil's foreign trade

Rio Grande - Rio Grande do Sul state, 6.5% of Brazil's foreign trade

Rio de Janeiro - 5% of Brazil's foreign trade

Vitória (Espirito Santo) - 4%

Sao Francisco do Sul (Santa Catarina state) - 3.5%

Suape - 3.5% of Brazils foreign trade

Manaus - 3.5%

Itaguaí (Rio de Janeiro state) - 1.7%

 

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Continue

Port of Natal

WATERWAYS

Hidrovia Tietê-Paraná - connects Sao Paulo state to the Paraná river, which meets the Atlantic near Buenos Aires

Hidrovia Tocantins-Araguaia

Tucuruí river lock, one of the world's largest (75 meters in height), completed in 2010.

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Brazil real estate may fall 30 pct in 2016, says Sam Zell's GuardeAqui

SAO PAULO - Brazil's deep recession and a need for cash at major construction companies may drive real estate prices down as much as 30 percent this year, the head of self-storage company GuardeAqui said in an interview.

Chief Executive Allan Paiotti said GuardeAqui, which is controlled by billionaire Sam Zell's Equity International, may accelerate investments if prices drop that far, opening six to eight sites per year in order to reach 50 locations by 2020.

GuardeAqui currently rents storage space at 15 sites, with three more under development in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro.

Brazil's worst economic downturn in decades has delayed a rebound for struggling homebuilders, while construction conglomerates snagged in a sweeping corruption investigation have been selling properties to raise cash as credit dries up.

Paiotti said land in Brazil is already 10 percent to 15 percent lower than the average prices paid on the company's deals over the past 12 months.

"The drop could approach 30 percent on average around the end of the year," he said, adding that the company had held back on purchases in recent months due to a political crisis. The suspension of President Dilma Rousseff last week raised hopes that an interim government could spur growth.

"We are betting the new government will have a little more planning and when we feel the market firming, we're going to accelerate purchases," said Paiotti.

(Reporting by Juliana Schincariol; Writing by Brad Haynes; Editing by Alan Crosby)

Reuters

 

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3-Brazil's new government vows tough steps to curb runaway deficit

By Silvio Cascione
May 13 Brazil's new center-right government plans to unveil tough measures soon to curb a massive budget deficit and may consider raising taxes temporarily, depending on the results of a detailed review of the fiscal situation, the finance minister said on Friday.

Henrique Meirelles, a former central bank governor who has been given the job of trying to haul Latin America's biggest economy out of recession, said his top priority was to return transparency to public finances.

Brazil's Senate on Thursday suspended President Dilma Rousseff and put her on trial on charges of breaking budget laws by borrowing from state lenders to boost expenditure ahead of her re-election in 2014.

Vice President Michel Temer has taken over as interim president during the trial, which could last up to six months, with an agenda to boost private investment and reduce a government deficit that topped 10 percent of economic output last year.

Meirelles warned that the budgetary situation left by Rousseff's outgoing government could spell a deficit worse than the forecast 96 billion reais ($27.72 billion) this year.

"Preferably, taxes should not be raised. But the priority is to balance public finances," he told Globo TV, adding that no decision would be taken hastily and that any future tax increases would be temporary.

Meirelles later told reporters that he will announce the next central bank chief on Monday along with his entire team at the ministry. He said new measures to reduce the country's ballooning debt burden will be announced when the time is right.

Temer's government is hoping to capitalize on its honeymoon period with Congress to push through a new 2016 budget in the coming weeks. If it fails to do so, the government could be shut down as soon as next month, when it is likely to hit the deficit limit imposed by the current spending plan.

Experts have voiced concern that cutting public spending and raising taxes could further shrink the roughly $2 trillion economy, which is on track in 2016 for a second year of contracting by more than 3 percent - its worst performance since the 1930s.

Rousseff's supporters have argued that the new government does not have a democratic mandate to push ahead with liberal economic reforms, as it is unelected and Temer took power only because of the impeachment process.

Opinion polls show that only around 1 percent of Brazilians would vote for Temer, a veteran Congressman.

But in his first address to the nation on Thursday, Temer laid out a radical change of direction in strategy while pledging to maintain social programs for Brazil's poor that were introduced during 13 years of rule by the leftist Workers Party.

If Rousseff were convicted in the Senate trial and definitively removed from office, Temer would be president until elections in 2018.

Meirelles said the government will seek to overhaul the pension system with the adoption of a minimum retirement age. He also said state-run banks will be managed by professionals, without political interference.

Aides to Temer have said that Meirelles, who headed the central bank from 2003-2010, will be given oversight over the government's economic policy team, and that he wants to name a respected economist as central bank chief.

The shortlist for the job includes former central bank directors Ilan Goldfajn, Mario Mesquita and former treasury chief Carlos Kawall, officials say.

Meirelles said the central bank president will keep the right to be tried only in the Supreme Court even after the bank loses its cabinet status, and said that right will be extended to the entire central bank board.

($1 = 3.4630 Brazilian reais)

AIRPORTS AND AIRTRAVEL

Air network in Brazil

Aircraft maneuvering at Brasilia International Airport

Brazil has the third largest domestic aviation market, after the USA and China. There are 4000 active airoports in the country, 35 of which are international.


São Paulo International Airport (Franco Montoro, Guarulhos - GRU) - Brazil's largest, handling over 37% of passenger traffic in the country. Termimal 1 opened in 1985, Terminal 2 opened in 1992, Terminal 4 in 2010, Terminal 3 in 2014. Privatized in 2012.

Construction of Terminal 3 (completed in 2014 for the World Cup) dramatically increased capacity and quality. Annual traffic: 40 million passengers (2014 estimate), 50 million/year are expected for 2018. It is the 24th busiest airport in the world.

 

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Capacity:
Terminals 1 & 2 = 26 million;
Terminal 3 = 12 million
Terminal 4 = 2 million
Terminal 5 (planned 2018/2020)

Regular CPTM Line 13 train service to open by 2015/2016 connecting the airport to the city's heavy rail network...
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Sao Paullo Domestic Airport - Congonhas (CGN) - it was the city's only major airport (including international) until 1985, when Guarulhos/Cumbica opened, and it remained as a domestic flight hub. Brazil's third busiest airport.

20 million passengers/year


Rio de Janeiro International Airport - Antonio Carlos Jobim - Galeão - 18 million passengers/year. It was privatized in concession in 2014 and will be extensively modernized before the 2016 Olympics.

Brasília International Airport "Juscelino Kubitschek" - second busiest airport in Brazil

 

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Recife International Airport "Gilberto Freyre"

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ELECTRICITY

2013 : Total installed capacity: 138.127.298 kW (2015) (source)


110GW (2012) (versus 75GW in 2001)

Actually generated electricty (2013)
Hydro: 75-80%
Gas/Coal: 10%
Oil: 5%
Wind: 4%
Nuclear: 2-3%

The 2011 decadal plan indicates that Brazil will need to add 70GW of installed capacity in its electrical system by 2020, reaching 180-190GW, most of which is planned to come from new hydro.

HYDRO

Brazil and Its Hidroelectric Powerplants (O Brasil e suas Usinas Hidrelétricas)

National Geographic Incredible Projects - Itaipu Power plant

 

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Megadams in operation


Itaipu - 14.20GW - (Paraná state) Largest hydro powerplant in the world by actual generation (second largest by installed capacity). Operational since 1982.

Tucuruí - 8.37GW - (Pará state) Third largest hydro in the world by generation and installed capacity. Completed in 1984.

Xingó - 3.16GW (Alagoas/Sergipe states)

Ilha Solteira / Jupiá Paraná River (4GW)

Furnas (Minas Gerais) (1.2GW)

Major projects


1 - BELO MONTE HYDROELECTRIC POWERPLANT (Pará State)
Capacity 11.23 GW
Capacity factor 40%
Largest hydroelectric powerplant under construction outside China today, it will be operational by 2016.