Muslims nations have been divide in tribes , dynasties and kingdom for long long time
as is the case world wide
- War/Control/Power struggle have gone every 100-300 years
Few periods have been more prominent
a) Early Caliphate (Abu Bakr, Omer, Usman and Ali)
b) Umayyad Caliphate 756-1031 , Muslims vs Byzantium Empire
c) Ayubia Dynasty
d) Ottoman Empire
However ......
here is the rest of story
Afrighid dynasty (305–995)
Qarinvand dynasty (550–1110)
Paduspanid (655–1598)
Justanids (791–1004)
Dulafid dynasty (800–898, Jibal)
Samanid Empire (819–999)
Tahirid dynasty (821–873)
Principality of Ushrusana (822–892)
Saffarid dynasty (861–1003)
Shirvanshah (861–1538)
Alavid dynasty (864–928)
Sajid dynasty (889–929)
Ma'danids (890–1110, Makran)
Aishanids (912–961)
Husaynid dynasty (914–929)
Ziyarid dynasty (928–1043)
Banu Ilyas (932–968)
Buyid dynasty (934–1062)
Rawadid dynasty (955–1071, Tabriz)
Hasanwayhid (959–1015)
Annazids (990–1180; Iran, Iraq)
Ma'munid dynasty (995–1017)
Kakuyid (1008–1141)
Great Seljuq Empire (1029–1194)
Nasrid dynasty (Sistan) (1029–1225)
Hormuz Kingdom (1060–1622)
Khwarezmian Empire under Khwarezm-Shâh dynasty (1077–1231)
Nizari Ismaili state (1090–1256)
Ahmadilis (1122–1220)
Atabegs of Yazd (1141–1319)
Salghurids (1148–1282,Shiraz)
Hazaraspids (1155–1424)
Khorshidi dynasty (1155–1597, Lorestan)
Qutlugh-Khanids (1222–1306)
Mihrabanid dynasty (1236–1537, Baluchistan)
Kart dynasty (1244–1381)
Ilkhanate (Mongol) (1295–1357)
Muzaffarids (1314–1393)
Sarbadars (1332–1386)
Chupanids (1335–1357)
Injuids (1335–1357)
Jalayirid Sultanate (1335–1432)
Afrasiyab dynasty (1349–1504)
Marashis (1359–1596)
Kara Koyunlu (1374–1468)
Ak Koyunlu (1378–1501)
Musha'sha'iyyah (1436–1729)
Safavid dynasty (1502–1736)
Afsharid dynasty (1736–1796)
Zand dynasty (1751–1794)
Qajar dynasty (1789–1925)
Pahlavi dynasty (1925–1979)
Ayyubid dynasty (1171–1260, based in Damascus and Aleppo)
Umayyad caliphate (661–750, based in Damascus)
Abbasid caliphate (750–1258, based in Baghdad)
Zengid dynasty (1127–1250, based in Aleppo)
Burid dynasty (1104–1154)
Hamdanid dynasty (890–1004, based in Aleppo)
Uqaylid dynasty (990–1096; Syria, Iraq)
Bani Assad (990–1081, Iraq)
Numayrid (990–1081; Syria, Turkey)
Marwanid (983–1085; Syria, Turkey, Armenia, Iraq)
Mirdasid dynasty (1024–1080, Syria)
Artuqids (1101–1409; Syria, Turkey, Iraq)
Baban (1649–1851, Iraq)
Soran (1816–1835, Iraq)
Emirate of Hakkari (1380s–1845; Turkey, Syria)
Bahdinan (1339–1843, Iraq)
Bohtan (1330–1855)
Principality of Bitlis (1182–1847)
Hadhabani (906–1070)
Mukriyan (1050–1500)
Qarghuyah, Emirate of Aleppo (969–977)
Nizari Ismaili state (1090–1256; Iraq, Iran, Syria)
Emirate of Aleppo, Lulu' dynasty (1004–1016)
Assaf dynasty (1306–1591, Lebanon)
Mamluk dynasty of Iraq (1734–1831)
Emirate of Mosul (905–1096, 1127–1222, 1254–1383, 1758–1918)
Emirate of Transjordan (1921–1946; Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Iraq)
Arab Kingdom of Syria (1920)
Kingdom of Iraq (1921–1958)
Kingdom of Jordan (1921–present)
Emirate of Arabistan (1440–1925)
Tulunids (868–905)
Ikhshidids (935–969)
Fatimid (969–1171)
Banu Kanz (1004–1412)
Ayyubid dynasty (1171–1254)
Mamluk dynasty (1250–1517)
Abbasid Caliph (1250–1517) under Mamluk Sultanate of Cairo
Khedivate of Egypt (1867–1914)
Sultanate of Egypt (1914–1922)
Kingdom of Egypt (1922–1953)
Emirate of Mecca (1916–1924) Saudi
Manfuha Sheikhdom (1682–1834)
Abu Arish Sheikhdom (1200–1863)
Al Bir Sheikhdom (1600–1850)
Al Rawdah Sheikhdom (1697–1790)
Al-Kharj Emirate (1688–1865)
Unaizah Emirate (1768–1904)
Buraidah Emirate (1768–1913)
Awdah Sheikhdom (1700–1790)
Jalajil Sheikhdom (1762–1831)
Harmah Sheikhdom (1700–1779)
Al Majma'ah Sheikhdom (1758–1908)
Shaqraa Sheikhdom (1803–1834)
Mutayr Sheikhdom (1872–1903)
'Asir Sheikhdom (983–1003, 1728–1863)
Sheikhdom of Upper Asir (1802–1923)
Sheikhdom of Lower 'Asir (1830–1930)
Kingdom of Najran (1677–1936)
'Uyayna Sheikhdom (1446–1768)
Durma Sheikhdom (1600–1757)
Gatgat Sultanate (1900–1924)
Al Murrah Emirate (1900–1917)
Emirate of Diriyah (1744–1818) (First Saudi State)
Emirate of Nejd (1818–1891) (Second Saudi State)
Emirate of Nejd and Hasa (1902–1921) (Third Saudi State)
Sharifate of Mecca (968–1925)
Emirate of Jabal Shammar (1836–1921)
Sultanate of Nejd (1921–1926)
Idrisid Emirate of Asir ( (1909–1930)
Kingdom of Hejaz (1916–1925)
Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd (1926–1932)
Bani Khalid (1670–1795)
House of Saud (1744–present)
Qarmatians (899–1077)
Uyunid Kingdom (1076–1253)
Usfurid (1253–1320)
Jarwanid (1305–1487)
Jabrids (1480–1570)
Bani Khalid (1670–1795)
House of Khalifa (1783–present)
House of Thani (1825–present)
House of Al-Sabah (1752–present)
Emirate of Abu Dhabi (1761–present)
Emirate of Ajman (1816–present)
Emirate of Dubai (1833–present)
Emirate of Fujairah (1876–present)
Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah (1727–present)
Emirate of Sharjah (1803–present)
Emirate of Umm Al Quwain (1775–present)
Dibba (1871–1953)
Hamriyya (1875–1922)
Hira (1915–1942)
Kalba (1871–1952)
Sultanate of Zafar (1421–1975)
Imamate of Oman (750–1696)
Omani Empire (1696–1856)
Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (1820–1970)
Sultanate of Oman (1970–present)
Banu Ukhaidhir (865–1066)
Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen (1918-1970)
Zurayids (1083-1174)
Hamdanids (1099-1174)
Sulaymanids (1063-1174)
Mahdids (1159-1174)
Sulayhid dynasty (1047-1138)
Rassids of Yemen (897-1962)
Rasulid of Yemen (1229-1454)
Najahid dynasty (1022-1158)
Ziyadid dynasty (819-856)
Tahirid dynasty (1454-1517)
Bani Ukhaidhir (865-1066)
Yufirids (847-997)
Alawi Sheikhdom (1743-1967)
Aqrabi Sheikhdom (1770-1967)
Audhali Sultanate (1750-1970)
Lower Aulaqi Sultanate (1700-1967)
Upper Aulaqi Sheikhdom (1750-1967)
Upper Aulaqi Sultanate (1700-1967)
Beihan Emirate (1680-1967)
Sheikhdom of al-Hawra (1858-1967)
Emirate of Dhala (1750-1967)
Dathina Sheikhdom (1947-1967)
Fadhli Sultanate (1670-1967)
Sultanate of Haushabi (1730-1967)
Lahej Sultanate (1728-1967)
Maflahi Sheikhdom (1850-1967)
Sheikhdom of Shaib (1850-1967)
Sultanate of Lower Yafa (1681-1967)
Sultanate of Upper Yafa (1800-1967)
Sheikhdom Al-Dhubi (1750-1967)
Hadrami Sheikhdom (1820-1967)
Emirate of Mawsata (1780-1967)
Sheikhdom of al-Irqa (1800-1967)
Mahra Sultanate (1432-Present)
Kathiri Sultanate (1395-1967)
Tarim Sultanate (1916-1945)
Qu'aiti Sultanate (1858-1967)
Ash Shihr (1752-1858)
Al Mukalla (1707-1881)
Tulunids (868–905; Egypt, Syria)
Rassids (897–1962)
Qarmatian Kingdom (899–976)
Sharifate of Mecca (968–1925)
Ayyubid Dynasty (1171–1260)
Rasulids (1229–1454)
Mamluk Dynasty (1250–1517)
Omani Sultanate (1696–1856)
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (1932–present)
Great Seljuk Empire (1029–1194)
Ottoman Empire (1299–1923)
Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm (1077–1308)
Danishmends Dynasty (1071–1178)
Mengujekids Dynasty (1072–1277)
Saltukids Dynasty (1071–1202)
Artuqids Dynasty (1101–1409)
Karamanids (1250–1487)
Chaka of Smyrna (1081–1098)
Shah-Armens (1110–1207)
Beylik of Dilmac (1085–1398)
Inalids (1095–1183)
Beylik of Cubukogullari (1085–1112)
Afshar (1480–1534)
Ahiler (1290–1362)
Alaiye (1293–1471)
Aydinids (1300–1425)
Beyliks of Canik (1300–1460)
Jandarids (1291–1461)
Chobanids (1211–1309)
Dulkadirids (1348–1522)
Eretnids (1335–1390)
Erzincan (1379–1410)
Eshrefids (1285–1326)
Germiyanids (1300–1429)
Hamidids (1300–1391)
Kadi Burhan al-Din (1381–1398)
Karasids (1296–1357)
Ladik (1262–1391)
Mentese (1261–1424)
Pervaneoglu (1277–1322)
Ramadanids (1352–1608)
Sahib Ataids (1275–1341)
Sarukhanids (1300–1410)
Teke (1321–1423)
Emirate of Melitene (850–934)
Amida (983–1085)
Fulani Empire of Sokoto (1804–1903)
Fulani or Fulbe Empire of Macina of Seku Amadu (1818–1862)
Fulani or Fulbe Empire of El Hajj Oumar Tall, Toucouleur Empire (1848–1898)
Fulani or Fulbe Empire of Bundu (state) of Malick Daouda Sy (1669–1954)
Kanem Empire (700–1380)
Bornu Empire (1380–1893)
Wadai Empire (1501–1912)
Ghana Empire (500–1200)
Mali Empire (1230–1670)
Bafut Kingdom (1750–present)
Kotoko kingdom (1450–present)
Bamum Kingdom (1394–present)
Banyo Kingdom (1830–present)
Bibemi Sultanate (1770–present)
Garoua Sultanate (1810–present)
Kontcha Kingdom (1902–present)
Kungi Kingdom (1990–present)
Logone-Birni Kingdom (1805–present)
Mandara Kingdom (1500–present)
Maroua Sultanate (1792–present)
N'Gaoundere Sultanate (1836–present)
Rey Bouba Sultanate (1804–present)
Tibati Lamidate (1810–present)
Bankim Kingdom (1760–present)
Mboum Kingdom (1800–present)
Kandi Kingdom (1700–present)
Parakou Kingdom (1700–present)
Kwande (1709–1961)
Nikki Kingdom (1700–present)
Djougou (1750–present)
Mossi Kingdom (1095–1898)
Wogodogo Kingdom (1182–present)
Yatenga Kingdom (1333–present)
Tenkodogo Kingdom (1120–present)
Bilanga Kingdom (1700–present)
Koala Kingdom (1810–present)
Nungu Kingdom (1204–present)
Pama Kingdom (1600–present)
Gurunsi Kingdom (1870–1897)
Liptako Kingdom (1810–present)
Gwiriko Kingdom (1714–1915)
Kanem Empire (700–1380)
Wadai Empire (1501–1912)
Tunjur kingdom (1400–1650)
Kingdom of Baguirmi (1485–1898)
Dar Sila (1213–1643)
Dar Runga (1700–1898)
Banu Kanz (1004–1412) Nubian
Kingdom of al-Abwab (1276–1560)
Darfur Sultanate (1445–1916)
Dar al Masalit Sultanate (1884–1921)
Dar Qimr Sultanate (1850–1945)
Funj Sultanate (1503–1821)
Kingdom of Fazughli (1685–1821) Under Sennar
Kordofan Sultanate (1700–1821)
Khedivate of Egypt (1867–1914)
Mahdia (1889–1898)
Sultanate of Egypt (1914–1922)
Kingdom of Egypt (1922–1958)
Dar al Kuti Sultanate (1830–1912)
Rafai Sultanate (1800–1966)
Zemio Sultanate (1830–1923)
Bangassou Sultanate (1780–1966)
Kong Empire (1690–1913)
Kabasarana (1846–1880)
Bouna Kingdom (1600–present)
Dagbon Kingdom (1409–present)
Kingdom of Wala (1317–present)
Mamprusi (1450–present)
Nanumba (1850–present)
Gonja kingdom (1564–present)
Zabarima Emirate (1860–1897)
Ghana Empire (500–1200)
Mali Empire (1230–1670)
Gao Empire (750–1430)
Songhai Empire (1340–1591)
Pashalik of Timbuktu (1591–1833)
Sosso Empire (1100–1235)
Bamana Empire (1712–1862)
Kaarta Empire (1753–1854)
Emirate of Brakna (1600–1934)
Emirate of Trarza (1640–present)
Emirate of Adrar (1740–1932)
Emirate of Tagant (1580–present)
Dendi Kingdom (1591–1901)
Sultanate of Agadez (1449–1900)
Sultanate of Damagaram (1731–present)
Dosso kingdom (1750–present)
Sultanate Maradi (1807–present)
Tera Kingdom (1700–present)
Kokoro Kingdom (1700–1901)
Goure Kingdom (1700–1960)
Dargol Kingdom (1700–1901)
Bornu Empire (1380–1893)
Sokoto Caliph (1903–present)
Hausa Kingdoms (1696–1831)
Nupe Kingdom (1531–1872)
Biu Kingdom (1535–1740)
Gadawur Kingdom (1421–1807)
Biram Kingdom (1110–1808)
Kingdom of Ila Orangun (1680–present)
Iwo Kingdom (1415–present)
Kingdom of Kano (999–1349)
Sultanate of Kano (1350–1805)
Sultanate of Kebbi (1515–1831)
Yauri Kingdom (1400–1799)
Zamfara Kingdom (1200–1804)
Zaria Kingdom (1200–1896)
Osogbo Kingdom (1760–present)
Ede Kingdom (1858–present)
Suleja Emirate (1804–present)
Adamawa Emirate (1809–present)
Agaie Emirate (1832–present)
Bade Emirate (1818–present)
Bashar Emirate
Bauchi Emirate (1805–present)
Bida Emirate (1856–present)
Biu Emirate (1740–present)
Birnin Gwari
Borgu Emirate (1730–present)
Borno Emirate (1902–present)
Damaturu Emirate (2004–present)
Daura Emirate (1778–present)
Dikwa Emirate (1901–present)
Fika Emirate (1806–present)
Gobir Kingdom (1694–1800)
Gobir Emirate (1800–present)
Gombe Emirate (1804–present)
Gujba Emirate (2000–present)
Gumel Emirate (1750–present)
Gusau Emirate (1997–present)
Gwandu Emirate (1849–present)
Hadejia Emirate (1808–present)
Ohinoyi of Ebiraland (1904–present)
Ilorin Emirate (1824–present)
Jajere Emirate (2000–present)
Jama'are Emirate (1811–present)
Jema'a Emirate (1810–present)
Kano Emirate (1805–present)
Katagum Emirate (1807–present)
Katsina Emirate (1903–present)
Kazaure Emirate (1819–present)
Kebbi Emirate (1849–present)
Keffi Emirate (1802–present)
Kontagora Emirate (1858–present)
Koton Karifi (1800–present)
Lafia Emirate (1650–present)
Lafiagi Emirate (1975–present)
Lapai Emirate (1825–present)
Lere Emirate (1808–present)
Machina Emirate
Misau Emirate (1850–present)
Mubi Emirate (1805–present)
Muri Emirate (1817–present)
Nasarawa Emirate (1835–present)
Ningi Emirate (1827–present)
Pategi Emirate (1897–present)
Potiskum Emirate (1809–present)
Tula Chiefdom (2003–present)
Rano Emirate (1819–present)
Rano Kingdom (523–1819)
Yauri Emirate (1799–present)
Zamfara Emirate (1804–present)
Zazzau Emirate (1808–present)
Agbede (1880–present)
Ajasse Ipo (1749–present)
Ado-Odo Kingdom (1494–present)
Auchi (1819–present)
Kaiama Emirate (1770–present)
Dutse Emirate (1807–present)
Gwoza Emirate (1919–present)
Ibadan (1820–present)
Bichi Emirate (2019–present)
Gaya Emirate (2019–present)
Karaye Emirate (2019–present)
Gwanara Emirate (1810–present)
Shanga Emirate (1859–present)
Wase Emirate (1820–present)
Yashikira Emirate (1769–present)
Bwari Emirate (1976–present)
Senegambia
Imamate of Futa Toro (1776–1821)
Imamate of Futa Jallon (1725–1911)
Empire of Great Fulo (1490–1776)
Jolof Empire (1350–1549)
Kingdom of Jolof (1549–1875)
Cayor (1549–1879)
Kingdom of Sine (1449–1969)
Xaaso (1600–1880)
Takrur Kingdom (800–1285)
Baol (1555–1894)
Waalo (1287–1855)
Kingdom of Saloum (1494–1969)
Gambia
Baro Kingdom (1600–1892)
Fuladugu Kingdom (1867–present)
Marabout Kingdom (1851–1887)
Guinea
Benna Kingdom (1858–1904)
Bramaya Kingdom (1800–1883)
Dubreka Kingdom (1800–1888)
Fuuta Jalon (1726–1912)
Kanea Kingdom (1800–1880)
Kinsam Kingdom (1850–1894)
Koba Kingdom (1700–1898)
Landuma Kingdom (1700–1892)
Nalu Kingdom (1845–1884)
Samburu Kingdom (1700–1892)
Solima Kingdom (1850–1894)
Timbi Tunni Kingdom (1800–1890)
Guinea Bissau
N'Gabu Kingdom (1850–1903)
Togo
Kotokolia (1785–present)
Tchamba (1750–present)
Bafilo (1700–present)
Bassar (1800–present)
Cokossi (1750–present)
Sierra Leone
Alikalia Kingdom (1817–1898)
Biriwa Chiefdom (1800–present)
Dembelia Sikunia (1850–present)
Imperri Chiefdom (1850–present)
Kaiyamba Chiefdom (1884–present)
Mande (1800–1919)
Nongowa Chiefdom (1820–present)
Safroko Limba Chiefdom (1907–present)
Susu Kingdom (1806–1892)
Kingdom of Koya (1505–1908)
Ko Fransa Kingdom (1700–1859)
Tonko Limba Chiefdom (1836–present)
Wonkafong (1794–1890)
North Africa (Maghreb region)
Rustamid dynasty (777–909)
Aghlabid dynasty (800–909; Ifriqiya, Tunisia, East-Algeria, West-Libya, Sicily)
Almoravid dynasty (1040–1147)
Almohad dynasty (1121–1269)
Hafsid dynasty (1229–1574)
Nasrid dynasty (1232–1492; Granada, Ceuta)
Marinid dynasty (1244–1465)
Wattasid dynasty (1472–1554)
Saadi dynasty (1511–1628)
Alaouite dynasty (1631–present)
Sultanate of Fezzan (918–1190)
Sultanate of Tripolitania (1327–1401) under Bani Ammar
Pasha of Tripoli (1551–1711)
Kingdom of Fezzan (1556–1856) under Awlad Muhammad dynasty
Karamanli dynasty (1711–1835)
Cyrenaica Emirate (1843–1951)
Kingdom of Libya (1951–1969)
Aghlabid dynasty (800–909)
Fatimid dynasty (910–969)
Zirid dynasty (973–1148)
Khurasanid dynasty (1059–1158)
Hafsid Kingdom (1229–1574)
Beylik of Tunis (1573–1613)
Muradid dynasty (1613–1705)
Husaynid dynasty (1705–1956)
Kingdom of Tunisia (1956–1957)
Emirate of Tlemcen (736–790)
Rustamid dynasty (777–909)
Banu Ifran (830–1040)
Confederation of M'zab (1012–1882)
Hammadid dynasty (1014–1152)
Kingdom of Tlemcen (1235–1556)
Zab Emirate (1400)
Sultanate of Tuggurt (1414–1854)
Kingdom of Ait Abbas (1510–1872)
Kingdom of Kuku (1515–1638)
Ottoman Algeria (1515–1837)
Pasha of Algiers (1516–1546)
Beylik of Algiers (1532–1577)
Pasha of Algiers (1577–1671)
Deys of Algiers (1671–1837)
Kel Ahaggar (1750–present)
Emirate of Abdelkader (1832–1847)
Zenata Kingdoms
Morocco (Western Sahara, Maghreb, Ifriqiya)
Kingdom of Fez
Kingdom of Sus
Kingdom of Tafilalt
Kingdom of Marrakesh
Kingdom of Nekor (710–1019; Riff)
Barghawata Confederacy (744–1058)
Emirate of Sijilmasa (758–1055)
Muhallabids (771–793, Ifriqiya)
Sultanate of Morocco
Idrisid dynasty (788–974)
Almoravid dynasty (1040–1147; Maghreb, Spain)
Almohad dynasty (1130–1269; Maghreb, Spain)
Marinid dynasty (1244–1465; Maghreb, Spain)
Wattasids (1472–1554)
Saadi dynasty (1549–1659)
Alaouite dynasty (1666–present)
Aghlabid dynasty (800–909, Ifriqiya)
Zirid dynasty (973–1148, Ifriqiya)
Hammadid dynasty (1008–1152, Western Ifriqiya)
Hammudid dynasty (1016–1073; Maghreb, Ceuta, Malaga)
Saadi Principality of Sus and Tagmadert| (1509–1554)
Pashalik of Timbuktu (1591–1833; Western Sahara, Maghreb, Mali)
Naqsid Principality of Tétoun (1597–1673)
Republic of Bou Regreg (1627–1668)
Republic of the Rif (1921–1926)
Warsangali Sultanate (1298–1960)
Mogadishu Sultanate (1331–1860)
Adal Sultanate (1415–1555)
Hiraab Imamate (1600–1860)
Majeerteen Sultanate (1600–1927)
Geledi Sultanate (1843–1908)
Hobyo Sultanate (1878–1925)
Dervish State (1896–1920)
Sultanate of Showa (896–1285)
Sultanate of Dawaro (900–1329)
Sultanate of Arababni (1200–1314)
Hadiya Sultanate (1200–1495)
Sultanate of Ifat (1285–1415)
Zeila Emirate (1415–1420)
Adal Sultanate (1415–1577)
Sultanate of Harar (1526–1577)
Imamate of Aussa (1557–1672)
Emirate of Harar (1647–1887)
Sultanate of Aussa (1734–present)
Wollo Kingdom (1760–1896)
Kingdom of Gimma (1770–1902)
Kingdom of Gumma (1770–1902)
Kingdom of Jimma (1790–1932)
Gobaad Sultanate (1800–present)
Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea (1801–1890)
Kingdom of Gera (1835–1887)
Sultanate of Dahlak (1050–1557)
Djibouti
Tadjoura Sultanate (1450–present)
Rahayta Sultanate (1600–present)
Pemba Sultanate (1550–1829)
Hadimu Sultanate (1650–1873)
Unyanyembe Kingdom (1727–present)
Tumbatu Sultanate (1800–1865)
Ujiji Sultanate (1800–present)
Sultanate of Zanzibar (1856–1964)
Uhehu Sultanate (1860–1962)
Kilwa Sultanate (957–1517)
Pate Sultanate (1203–1870)
Mombasa Sultanate (1502–1895)
Wituland (1858–1929)
Tippu Tip's State (1860–1887)
Yao Chieftain (*1500–present)
Angoche Sultanate (1485–1910)
Kitangonya Sheikhdom (1750–1906)
Sankul Sheikhdom (1753–1910)
Sultanate of Maldives (1153–1968)
Theemuge dynasty (1161–1338)
Hilaalee dynasty (1388–1558)
Utheemu dynasty (1632–1692)
Hamavi dynasty (1692)
Devadhu dynasty (1692–1701)
Isdhoo dynasty (1701–1704)
Dhiyamigili dynasty (1704–1759, 1766–1773)
Huraa dynasty (1759–1766, 1774–1968)
The Sultanate of Mwati (1500-1841)
The Sultanate of Ndzuwani (1711-1912)
The Sultanate of Ngazidjia (1400-1912) Sultanate of Bambao
The Sultanate of Mwali (1830-1909)
The Sultanate of Bajini (1500-1889)
The Sultanate of Itsandra (1400-1886)
The Sultanate of Mitsamihuli
The Sultanate of Washili
The Sultanate of Hambuu
The Sultanate of Hamahame
The Sultanate of Mbwankuu
The Sultanate of Mbude
The Sultanate of Domba
The Sakalava Kingdom (1500-1898)
The Antemoro Kingdom (1495-1888)
The Emirate of Cyprus (650-965),Condominium umayyad & Byzantine Empire
The Beylik of Cyprus (1571-1878
Mezquita
Emirate of Cordoba (756–929)
Caliph of Cordoba (929-1031)
Taifa of Arjona (1232-1244)
Taifa of Barcelona (716-801)
Taifa of Baeza (1224-1226)
Taifa of Ceuta (1026-1079)
Taifa of Constantina and Hornachuelos (1143-1150)
Taifa of Guadix and Baza (1145-1151)
Taifa of Saltes and Huelva (1012-1051)
Taifa of Jaen (1145-1168)
Taifa of Lérida (1039-1046,1102-1110)
Taifa of Murviedro and Sagunto (1086-1092)
Taifa of Orihuela (1239-1249)
Taifa of Purchena (1145-1150)
Taifa of Segura (1147-1150)
Taifa of Tortosa (1010-1099)
Taifa of Tejada (1146-1150)
Taifa of Valencia (1010-1238)
Taifa of Alpuente (1009–1106)
Taifa of Badajoz (1009–1151)
Taifa of Morón (1010–1066)
Taifa of Toledo (1010–1085)
Taifa of Tortosa (1010–1099)
Taifa of Arcos (1011–1145)
Taifa of Almería (1010–1147)
Taifa of Denia (1010–1227)
Taifa of Valencia (1010–1238)
Taifa of Murcia (1011–1266)
Taifa of Albarracín (1012–1104)
Taifa of Zaragoza (1013–1110)
Taifa of Granada (1013–1145)
Taifa of Carmona (1013–1150)
Taifa of Santa María de Algarve (1018–1051)
Taifa of Mallorca (1018–1203)
Taifa of Lisbon (1022–1093)
Taifa of Seville (1023–1091)
Taifa of Niebla (1023–1262)
Taifa of Córdoba (1031–1091)
Taifa of Mértola (1033–1151)
Taifa of Algeciras (1035–1058)
Taifa of Ronda (1039–1065)
Taifa of Silves (1040–1151)
Taifa of Málaga (1073–1239)
Taifa of Molina (c. 1080's–1100)
Taifa of Lorca (1228–1250)
Taifa of Menorca (1228–1287)
Emirate of Granada (1228–1492)
The Emirate of Septimania,Southern France(Gaul) (719-759) Rule by:
umayyad Caliph of Cordova
The Emirate of Corsica (806-930) Rule by:
The Emirate of Bari (847–871)
The Emirate of Taranto (831-880)
The Emirate of Sicily (802-1091) Rule by:
Wali of Sicily (802-827) Euphemius & Asad
Aghlabids of Sicily (827-909)
Fatimids of Sicily (909-965)
Emirate of Sicily (965-1091) Kalbids
The Emirate of Sardinia (809-1003) Rule by:
Aghlabids (809-909)
Fatimids (909-1003)
Gibraltar Moorish (711-1462)
Eastern Europe (Balkan Region)
Crimean Khanate (1441–1783)
Budzhak Horde (1603–1799)
Romania, Bulgaria
Beylik of Dobruja (1281–1299)
Tamrash Republic (1878–1886)
Provisional Government of Western Thrace (1913)
Pashalik of Yanina (1788–1822)
Emirate of Crete (820–961)
Pashalik of Scutari (1757–1831)
Pashalik of Berat (1774–1809)
House of Zogu (1928–1939)
Ural Region, Siberia (Russia)
Volga Bulgaria (922–1236)
Golden Horde (1251–1502)
Kazan Khanate (1438–1552)
Astrakhan Khanate (1466–1556)
Qasim Khanate (1452–1681)
Bashkirs (800–1557)
Sibir Khanate (1468–1598)
Great Horde (1466–1502)
Nogai Horde (1440–1634)
Lesser Nogai Horde (1449–1783)
Crimean Khanate (1441–1783)
Circassia (1500–1864)
Kabardia (1453–1825)
Mishar Yurt (1298–1393)
Mukhsha Ulus (1300-1500)
Idel-Ural State (1918)
Caucasian Imamate (1828–1859)
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (1991–2000)
Derbent Khanate (1747–1806)
Avar Khanate (1240–1864)
Gazikumukh Shamkhalate (740–1640)
Shamkhalate of Tarki (1640–1867)
Gazikumukh Khanate (1642–1860)
Abazinia (1400–1800)
North Caucasian Emirate (1919–1920)
Emirate of Armenia (697–700, 711–885)
Erivan Khanate (1736–1827)
Karabakh Khanate (1606–1806)
Shaddadids (951–1199)
Sallarid dynasty (919–1062)
Sajid dynasty (889–929)
Marwanid dynasty (983–1085)
Eldiguzids (1135–1225)
Emirate of Tbilisi (736–1122)
Kingdom of Kartli (1484–1762)
Abkhazian Kingdom (1780–1810)
Meskheti Kingdom (1581–1607)
Nakhichevan Khanate (1747–1834)
Talysh Khanate (1747–1832)
Baku Khanate (1720–1806)
Ganja Khanate (1747–1804)
Javad Khanate (1778–1789)
Quba Khanate (1680–1816)
Salyan Khanate (1729–1782)
Shaki Khanate (1500–1819)
Shamakhy khanate (1721–1749)
Maku Khanate (1747–1922)
Ardabil Khanate (1747–1808)
Khalkhal Khanate (1747–1809)
Khoy Khanate (1747–1813)
Maragheh Khanate (1610–1925)
Marand Khanate (1747–1828)
Sarab Khanate (1747–1797)
Shaki Khanate (1743–1819)
Shirvan Khanate (1748–1820)
Tabriz Khanate (1747–1802)
Urmia Khanate (1747–1865)
Zanjan Khanate (1747–1810)
Khoja Shamakha (1748–1786)
Yeni Shamakha (1748–1786)
Shamakha ll (1786–1844)
Shirvanshah (1207–1607)
Elisu Sultanate (1604–1844)
Central Asia, East Asia
Karakhanid Empire (840–1212, Transoxiana)
Seljuk Empire (1029–1194, based in Merv [Eastern Division])
Khwarazmian Empire (1077–1231)
Timurid dynasty (1370–1507)
Chagatai Khanate (Mongol) (1226–1347)
Muhtajids (950–1030)
Yarkent Khanate (1487–1705)
Shaybanid (1428–1599)
Samanid dynasty (819–999)
Ghaznavids (977–1186)
Khanate of Bukhara (1500–1785)
Kazakh Khanate (1456–1847)
Khanate of Khiva (1511–1920)
Khanate of Kokand (1709–1876)
Uzbek Khanate (1428–1471)
White Horde (Mongol) (1360–1428)
Emirate of Bukhara (1785–1920)
Golden Horde (Mongol) (1313–1502)
Bukey Horde (1801–1845)
Sufids (1361–1379)
Karluk Yabghu (756–840)
Kara-Khanid Khanate (840–1212, based in Kashgar)
Moghulistan (Mongol) (1347–1462)
Western Moghulistan (1462–1690)
Eastern Moghulistan / Uyghurstan (1462–1680)
Yarkent Khanate (1514–1705)
Turpan Khanate (1487–1570)
Kashgaria Khanate (1865–1877)
Kumul Khanate (1696–1930)
Khoja Kingdom (1693–1857)
Dughlats (1466–1514)
Kingdom of Mangalai (1220–1877)
Pingnan Guo (1856–1873)
First East Turkestan Republic (1933–1934)
Second East Turkestan Republic (1944–1949)
Ghurids (879–1215)
Ghaznavids (977–1186)
Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526)
Mamluk dynasty of Delhi (1206–1290)
Khalji Dynasty (1290–1320)
Tughlaq dynasty (1321–1414)
Sayyid Dynasty (1414–1451)
Lodi dynasty (1451–1526)
Bengal Sultanate (1352–1576)
Khandesh Sultanate under Farooqi dynasty (1382–1601)
Jaunpur Sultanate (1394–1479)
Gujarat Sultanate (1407–1573)
Malwa Sultanate (1392–1562)
Sur Empire (1540–1556)
Mughal Empire (1526–1857)
Bahmani Sultanate (1347–1527)
Madurai Sultanate (1335–1378)
Mysore Kingdom (1749–1799) under Hyder Ali, Tippu Sultan
Deccan sultanates (1489–1687)
Bidar Sultanate (1489–1619)
Ahmadnagar Sultanate (1490–1637)
Berar Sultanate (1490–1572)
Bijapur Sultanate (1490–1686)
Golconda Sultanate (1518–1687)
Dynasty of Sindh (841–1843)
Habbari dynasty (841–1024)
Soomra dynasty (1026–1351)
Samma dynasty (1351–1524)
Arghun dynasty (1520–1591)
Tarkhan dynasty (1554–1591)
Kalhora dynasty, Punjab (1701–1783)
Talpur dynasty, Punjab (1783–1843)
Sultanate of Kashmir (1339–1586)
Shah Mir dynasty (1339–1561)
Chak dynasty (1554–1586)
Arcot State (1692–1855)
Oudh State (1732–1858)
Balasinor State (1758–1948)
Banda (state) (1790–1858)
Nawab of Banganapalle (1665–1947)
Baoni State (1784–1947)
Basoda State (1753–1947)
Bhopal State (1723–1947)
Dujana (1806–1947)
Nawab of Farrukhabad (1714–1802)
Hyderabad State (1724–1949)
Jafarabad State (1650–1948)
Janjira State (1489–1948)
Jaora State (1808–1948)
Junagadh State (1730–1948)
Kamadhia (1817–1947)
Cambay State (1730–1948)
Arakkal Kingdom (1545–1819)
Nawab of Kurnool (1690–1839)
Kurwai State (1713–1923)
Loharu State (1806–1931)
Malerkotla State (1468–1947)
Bantva Manavadar (1733–1947)
Mohammadgarh State (1818–1947)
Palanpur State (1597–1947)
Pataudi State (1804–1931)
Pathari State (1794–1947)
Radhanpur State (1753–1948)
Nawab of Rajouri (1194–1846)
Rampur State (1719–1947)
Sachin State (1791–1947)
Sardargarh Bantva (1743–1948)
Savanur State (1680–1912)
Nawab of Surat (1733–1842)
Tonk State (1817–1947)
Zainabad (1903–1947)
Mewat (1372–1527)
Kharagpur Raj (1503–1840)
Qaimkhani (1384–1731)
Kingdom of Rohilkhand (1710–1857)
Nanpara (1632–1947)
Nawab of Mamdot (1800–1947)
Bhikampur and Datawali (Aligarh) State (1750–1947)
Nawab of Farrukhnagar (1732–1947)
Nawab of Chhatari (1680–1981)
Nawab of Sardhana (1842–1947)
Farighunids (800–1010)
Kart dynasty (1244–1381, based in Herat)
Afsharid Empire (1736–1796)
Emirate of Afghanistan (1823–1926)
Kingdom of Afghanistan (1926–1973)
Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (1996–2001)
Barakzai dynasty (1826–1973)
Hotaki dynasty (1709–1738)
Durrani Empire (1747–1826)
Azad Khan (1750–1758)
Shiberghan Khanate (1757–1875)
Sar-e Pol Khanate (1510–1875)
Maymana Khanate (1506–1900)
Khulm Khanate (1800–1849)
Kunduz Khanate (1508–1888)
Ghuriyan Khanate (1803–1816)
Badakshan Khanate (1657–1773)
Andkhoy Khanate (1730–1880)
Ghazni (1879–1880)
Peshawar (1747–1823)
Qandahar (1704–1881)
Herat (1695–1881)
Kabul Kingdom (1747–1901)
Sonargoan Sultanate (1338–1352)
Lakhnauti Sultanate (1287–1352)
Satgaon Sultanate (1324–1352)
Bengal Sultanate (1352–1576)
Nawab of Dhaka (1850–1984)
Nawab of Sylhet (1499–1968)
Nawab of Bengal and Murshidabad (1717–1880, 1832–1971)
Baro-Bhuyan of Bengal, Assam (1500–1850)
Pratapgarh Kingdom (1489–1700)
Taraf Kingdom (1304–1610)
Gabare Jahangiri Dynasty (1190–1520)
Qarlughids (1238–1266)
Pakhal Sarkar (1472–1703)
Sadozai of Multan (1738–1818)
Kheshgi of Kasur (1525–1807)
Langah of Multan (1445–1526)
Mirani dynasty of Multan (1550–1787)
Lodi dynasty of Multan (961–1040)
Emirate of Waziristan (2004–2014)
Bahawalpur (princely state) (1723–1955)
Khairpur (princely state) (1783–1947)
Chitral (princely state) (1320–1969)
Swat (princely state) (1849–present)
Hunza (princely state) (1700–1974)
Nagar (princely state) (1660–1974)
Amb (princely state) (1772–1971)
Phulra (princely state) (1828–1950)
Dir (princely state) (1626–1969)
Las Bela (princely state) (1742–1955)
Kharan (princely state) (1697–1955)
Makran (princely state) (1898–1955)
Khanate of Kalat (1666–1955)
Jandol State (1830–present)
Punial (1898–1974)
Yasin Valley (1640–1972)
Nawab of Kalabagh (1700–1972)
Samudera Pasai Sultanate (1267-1521)
Malacca Empire (1400–1511)
Bruneian Empire (1368–1888)
Sultanate of Aceh (1496–1904)
Sultanate of Siak (1723–present)
Aru Kingdom (1225–1613)
Sultanate of Langkat (1568–present)
Sultanate of Asahan (1630–present)
Sultanate of Serdang (1723–present)
Deli Sultanate (1632–present)
Pagaruyung Kingdom (1346–present)
Sultanate of Johor (1528–present)
Sultanate of Kedah (1136–present)
Sultanate of Kelantan (1267–present)
Sultanate of Perak ( (1528–present)
Sultanate of Pahang (1475–present)
Sultanate of Selangor (1743–present)
Terengganu Sultanate (1725–present)
Sarawak Sultanate (1598–1641)
Perlis Kingdom (1842–present)
Negeri Sembilan Kingdom (1773–present)
Sultanate of Bima (1620–present)
Sumbawa Sultanate (1674–present)
Mataram Sultanate (1586–1755)
Demak Sultanate (1475–1554)
Cirebon Sultanate (1430–1666)
Banten Sultanate (1524–present)
Kingdom of Pajang (1568–1618)
Yogyakarta Sultanate (1755–present)
Surakarta Sunanate (1755–present)
Kingdom of Sumedang Larang (1527–1620)
Kalinyamat Sultanate (1527–1599)
Sultanate of Ternate (1257–present)
Sultanate of Tidore (1081–present)
Sultanate of Bacan (1521–present)
Sultanate of Banjar (1526–present)
Sultanate of Pontianak (1771–present)
Sultanate of Sambas (1609–present)
Bulungan Sultanate (1731–1964)
Kingdom of Bolaang Mongondow (1730–1950)
Kingdom of Gorontalo (1525–1950)
Sultanate of Gowa (1300–present)
Sultanate of Makassar (1607–1667)
Kingdom of Tallo (1400–1856)
Adonara Kingdom (1650–present)
Palembang Sultanate (1659–1823)
Jambi Sultanate (1550–1905)
Riau-Lingga Sultanate (1824–1911)
Kingdom of Manila (1258–1571)
Confederation of sultanates in Lanao (1640–present)
Sultanate of Maguindanao (1515–1888)
Sultanate of Sulu (1405–1915, 1962–1986)
Pattani Kingdom (1457–1902)
Sultanate of Singgora (1605–1680)
Kingdom of Setul Mambang Segara (1802–1916)
Kingdom of Reman (1810–1902)
Kingdom of Champa (1485–1832)
Kingdom of Arakan (1429–1879)
