Pan-Islamic-Pakistan
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The lesson Dr. Tyson draws from the rise and fall of Muslims is as follows: Islamic civilization remained dominant in sciences and mathematics as long as Muslims practiced Ijtihad to ask questions and find answers to questions. What led to their decline was Taqlid, the unquestioning faith in Revelation.
Dr. Tyson credits the great Muslim philosopher Alhazen (Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn al-Ḥasan ibn al-Haytham 965-1040 AD) with inventing the modern scientific method. Alhazen questioned everything, especially the things everyone took for granted, says Dr. Tyson. Alhazen's work was lavishly funded by the Muslim Caliphs. All of it changed when Imam Al Ghazali, or Algazel, a highly influential Islamic scholar of his time, succeeded in persuading Muslims to accept Taqlid that triggered rapid decline of the Islamic world.
Dr. Tyson has used the example of the great Islamic Civilization's decline to warn Americans against repeating it. He has particularly targeted those in America who denounce Darwin's theory of evolution or reject the validity of climate science.
I don’t agree with Neil deGrasse Tyson’s conclusions about the rise and fall of Islamic Civilization.
This is a civilization which rose from obscurity, in an isolated area, to challenge and supplant two of the greatest civilizations of the time: Rome and Persia.
The early Muslims were armed mainly by faith, loyalty, and a mission for mankind. Although vastly outnumbered, they defeated much larger armies armed with more sophisticated weapons and defenses.
The spirit of that conquest continued for almost one thousand two hundred years until Islam was spread from Spain/Morocco to Hindustan and the Indo-Malay region.
If however you have an agenda to prove atheism and derive historical lessons, even contrived ones, to support that agenda, then I can see why he has done this.
As the Western world enters its twilight era, its science, economic activity, and militarism totally useless in preventing its collapse into fascism and chaos, any and all adherents to this ideology will seek to find a saving face for it.
We Muslims are now on the upturn as the winds have changed, and it is not because we are technologically superior, but because we have not been subjugated by foreign powers and protected our way of life.
Only what led to our success in the beginning can lead our success now, which is a whole system built of honesty, justice, faithfulness, mercy, and equality.