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AMAZING INFORMATION ! AF MiG-21 Bison Project I-2000 on which Plasma Stealth was tested.
RUSSIAN PLASMA STEALTH
First developed by the Russians,
plasma stealth technology is also
known as Active Stealth
Technology. Plasma stealth is a
proposed process that uses
ionized gas (plasma) to reduce the
radar cross section (RCS) of an
aircraft. A plasma stream is
injected in front of the aircraft
covering the entire body of the
aircraft and absorbing most of the
electromagnetic energy of the
radar waves, thus making the
aircraft difficult to detect.
There are few experimental
studies of plasmas effect on RCS.
One of the most interesting articles
was published by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE) in 1963 and described the
effect of plasma on the RCS of
aircraft. The article entitled Radar
cross sections of dielectric or
plasma coated conducting spheres
and circular cylinders was based
on the data offered by Sputnik, the
first artificial satellite launched by
the Soviet Union on October 4,
1957.
While trying to track Sputnik it was
noticed that its electromagnetic
scattering properties were
different from what was expected
for a conductive sphere. This was
due to the satellite traveling inside
of a plasma shell.While Sputnik was
flying at high velocity through the
ionosphere it was surrounded by a
naturally-occur ring plasma shell
and because of it there were two
separate radar reflections: the first
from the surface of the satellite
itself and the second from the
plasma shell. If one of the
reflections is greater the other one
will not contribute much to the
overall effect. When the two
reflections have the same order of
magnitude and are out of phase
relative to each other cancellation
occurs and the RCS becomes null.
The aircraft becomes invisible to
radar.
Russian research into low-
observable (LO) technology has
remained largely secret, despite
the collapse of the Soviet Union
and the semi-privatizat ion of the
aircraft industry. However, a newly
published paper from the Institute
for Theoretical and Applied
Electromagnetic s (ITAE) at the
Russian Academy of Sciences
(Moscow, Russia), presented at the
International Quality and
Productivity Center's conference on
stealth, held in London in October
2003, shows that Russian
researchers have made solid
progress in key technologies for
LO aircraft and have test-flown
some technologies such as the
use of plasmas to protect targets
from radar that are not known to
have been studied in the West.
The ITAE has flight-tested a unique
and exotic technology to mask the
Su-35's huge 35-inch radar
antenna: the use of a low-
temperature , "plasma-control led
screen." The screen is mounted in
front of the antenna and is
transparent to radar when
switched off; it may be similar to a
plasma TV screen, comprising cells
filled with neon or xenon gas,
which is excited by an electrical
current. (Video shows a clearly
defined luminous panel in front of
the antenna.) When activated, the
screen absorbs some incoming
radar energy and scatters the rest
in safe directions, over all RF bands
lower than the frequency of the
plasma-generati on system. The
screen switches on and off in tens
of microseconds, according to the
ITAE, thanks to years of intensive
development of the gas mixture
and plasma-generati on system.
In principle, this is the same as the
"plasma stealth" system that was
reportedly developed by the
Keldysh Scientific Research Center
(also part of the Academy) in 1999.
At the time, it was claimed that the
system, using a 100-kg generator,
could reduce the RCS of any aircraft
by two orders of magnitude, or 20
dB. The ITAE has not attempted to
develop a whole-aircraft system,
which would use plasma-generati
ng antennas to ionize the air
flowing over the aircraft an
artificial version of St. Elmo's fire
but researchers expressed the
view that it would be difficult to
apply except to a high-altitude,
relatively slow aircraft, because the
airstream would dissipate the
plasma faster than it could be
generated.
The ITAE paper gave some
indications of the direction of
stealth technology for future
aircraft .
RUSSIAN PLASMA STEALTH
First developed by the Russians,
plasma stealth technology is also
known as Active Stealth
Technology. Plasma stealth is a
proposed process that uses
ionized gas (plasma) to reduce the
radar cross section (RCS) of an
aircraft. A plasma stream is
injected in front of the aircraft
covering the entire body of the
aircraft and absorbing most of the
electromagnetic energy of the
radar waves, thus making the
aircraft difficult to detect.
There are few experimental
studies of plasmas effect on RCS.
One of the most interesting articles
was published by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE) in 1963 and described the
effect of plasma on the RCS of
aircraft. The article entitled Radar
cross sections of dielectric or
plasma coated conducting spheres
and circular cylinders was based
on the data offered by Sputnik, the
first artificial satellite launched by
the Soviet Union on October 4,
1957.
While trying to track Sputnik it was
noticed that its electromagnetic
scattering properties were
different from what was expected
for a conductive sphere. This was
due to the satellite traveling inside
of a plasma shell.While Sputnik was
flying at high velocity through the
ionosphere it was surrounded by a
naturally-occur ring plasma shell
and because of it there were two
separate radar reflections: the first
from the surface of the satellite
itself and the second from the
plasma shell. If one of the
reflections is greater the other one
will not contribute much to the
overall effect. When the two
reflections have the same order of
magnitude and are out of phase
relative to each other cancellation
occurs and the RCS becomes null.
The aircraft becomes invisible to
radar.
Russian research into low-
observable (LO) technology has
remained largely secret, despite
the collapse of the Soviet Union
and the semi-privatizat ion of the
aircraft industry. However, a newly
published paper from the Institute
for Theoretical and Applied
Electromagnetic s (ITAE) at the
Russian Academy of Sciences
(Moscow, Russia), presented at the
International Quality and
Productivity Center's conference on
stealth, held in London in October
2003, shows that Russian
researchers have made solid
progress in key technologies for
LO aircraft and have test-flown
some technologies such as the
use of plasmas to protect targets
from radar that are not known to
have been studied in the West.
The ITAE has flight-tested a unique
and exotic technology to mask the
Su-35's huge 35-inch radar
antenna: the use of a low-
temperature , "plasma-control led
screen." The screen is mounted in
front of the antenna and is
transparent to radar when
switched off; it may be similar to a
plasma TV screen, comprising cells
filled with neon or xenon gas,
which is excited by an electrical
current. (Video shows a clearly
defined luminous panel in front of
the antenna.) When activated, the
screen absorbs some incoming
radar energy and scatters the rest
in safe directions, over all RF bands
lower than the frequency of the
plasma-generati on system. The
screen switches on and off in tens
of microseconds, according to the
ITAE, thanks to years of intensive
development of the gas mixture
and plasma-generati on system.
In principle, this is the same as the
"plasma stealth" system that was
reportedly developed by the
Keldysh Scientific Research Center
(also part of the Academy) in 1999.
At the time, it was claimed that the
system, using a 100-kg generator,
could reduce the RCS of any aircraft
by two orders of magnitude, or 20
dB. The ITAE has not attempted to
develop a whole-aircraft system,
which would use plasma-generati
ng antennas to ionize the air
flowing over the aircraft an
artificial version of St. Elmo's fire
but researchers expressed the
view that it would be difficult to
apply except to a high-altitude,
relatively slow aircraft, because the
airstream would dissipate the
plasma faster than it could be
generated.
The ITAE paper gave some
indications of the direction of
stealth technology for future
aircraft .
