Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (Hindi: हिन्दुस्तान एरनॅटिक्स लिमिटेड
(HAL) (Hindi: हि ए लि,) based in Bangalore, India, is one of Asia's largest aerospace companies. Under the management of the Indian Ministry of Defence, this public sector company is mainly involved in aerospace industry, which includes manufacturing and assembling aircraft, navigation and related communication equipment, as well as operating airports.
HAL built the first military aircraft in South Asia and is currently involved in the design, fabrication and assembly of aircraft, jet engines, helicopters and their components and spares. It has several facilities throughout India including Nasik, Korwa, Kanpur, Koraput, Lucknow, Bangalore and Hyderabad. The German engineer Kurt Tank designed the HF-24 Marut fighter-bomber, the first fighter aircraft made in India.
Hindustan Aeronautics has a long history of collaboration with several other international and domestic aerospace agencies such as the Airbus Industries, Boeing, Sukhoi Aviation Corporation, Israel Aircraft Industries, RSK MiG, BAE Systems, Rolls-Royce plc, Dassault Aviation, Dornier Flugzeugwerke, Aeronautical Development Agency and Indian Space Research Organisation.
HAL is one of the largest aerospace companies in Asia with its annual turnover to be running above US$2 billion. More than 40% of HAL's revenues come from international deals to manufacture aircraft engines, spare parts, and other aircraft materials. Below is a partial list of major operations being undertaken by HAL:
[edit] International deals
HAL Dhruv helicopters of the Ecuadorian Air Force in 2008.
An IAF BAe Hawk being license-produced at the HAL Hawk production facility in Bangalore.
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International Deals ::
- * The US$10 billion fifth-generation fighter jet program with the Sukhoi Corporation of Russia.[1][2]
- * US$1 billion contract to manufacture aircraft parts for Boeing.[3]
- * Multi-role transport aircraft project with Ilyushin of Russia worth US$600 million.[4]
- * 120 RD-33MK turbofan engines to be manufactured for MiG-29K by HAL for US$250 million.[5]
- * Contract to manufacture 1,000 TPE331 aircraft engines for Honeywell worth US$200,000 each (estimates put total value of deal at US$200 million).[6]
- * US$120 million deal to manufacture Dornier 228 for RUAG of Switzerland.[7]
- * Manufacture of aircraft parts for Airbus Industries worth US$150 million.[8]
- * US$100 million contract to export composite materials to Israel Aircraft Industries.[9]
- * US$65 million joint-research facility with Honeywell and planned production of Garrett TPE331 engines.[10]
- * US$50.7 million contract to supply Advanced Light Helicopter to Ecuadorian Air Force.[11] HAL will also open a maintenance base in the country.[12]
- * US$30 million contract to supply avionics for Malaysian Su-30MKM.[13]
- * US$20 million contract to supply ambulance version of HAL Dhruv to Peru.[14]
- * Contract of 3 HAL Dhruv helicopters from Turkey worth US$20 million.[15]
- * US$10 million order from Namibia for HAL Chetak and Cheetah helicopters.[16]
- * Supply of HAL Dhruv helicopters to Mauritius' National Police in a deal worth US$7 million.[17]
- * Unmanned helicopter development project with Israel Aircraft Industries.[18]
Domestic deals
- * 180 Sukhoi Su-30MKI being manufactured at HAL's facilities in Nasik and Bangalore. The total contract, which also involves Russia's Sukhoi Aerospace, is worth US$3.2 billion.
- * 200 HAL Light Combat Helicopters for Indian Air Force and 500 HAL Dhruv helicopters worth US$5.83 billion.[19]
- * US$900 million aerospace hub in Andhra Pradesh.[20]
- * US$57 million upgrade of SEPECAT Jaguar fleet of the Indian Air Force.[21]
- * US$55 million fighter training school in Bangalore in collaboration with Canada's CAE.[22]
- * 64 MiG-29s to be upgraded by HAL and Russia's MiG Corporation in a program worth US$960 million.[23]
- * Licensed production of 82 BAe Hawk 132.
India has been Manufacturing Large Number of Aircrafts under ToT and Licensed Production.
This made the Aviation Industry self Reliant and gave it the Ability to Create a Flying Aircraft rignt from zero.. .
Some of the "Made In India" Aircrafts :
1. HAL LCH
In 2006, HAL announced its plans to build a Light Combat Helicopter.[citation needed] Funds for the design and development of the LCH to meet the requirements of the Indian Army and the Indian Air Force were sanctioned in October 2006.[citation needed]
The LCH is a derivative of the HAL Dhruv, which has already been inducted into the Indian armed forces. Using a successful and proven helicopter as the base platform is expected to conserve the project costs for the LCH, which is currently pegged at INR 3.76 Billion.[citation needed]
The LCH was expected to be ready for the initial operational clearance (IOC) by December 2010 with the final operational clearance (FOC) in 2011. However, the newly revised timeframes hold that the 5.5-tonne LCH should be ready for induction into IAF by 2012-2013.[1]
The first prototype of Light combat helicopter completed its first ground run on February 4[2] Based on the LCH’s performance that day, its developers believe that the attack helicopter will be ready to fly soon.The new light chopper is currently undergoing functional tests. HAL has already bagged a firm order to deliver 65 LCH to the IAF and 114 to the Army, company sources said.[3]
The first prototype of the LCH has successfully completed its first flight run on 29 March 2010
2. HAL LCA
The HAL Tejas (Sanskrit: तेजस् "Radiant", Hindi pronunciation: [t̪edʒəs]( listen)) is a lightweight multirole jet fighter being developed by India. It is a tailless,[3] compound delta wing design powered by a single engine. Originally known as the Light Combat Aircraft (LCA)—a designation which continues in popular usage—the aircraft was officially named "Tejas"[4] by then Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee on 4 May 2003.[5]
The limited series production of the Tejas commenced in 2007. A two-seat trainer variant is also in development (exited the production line as of November 2008), as is a naval variant capable of operating from the Indian Navy's aircraft carriers. The IAF is reported to have a requirement for 200 single-seat and 20 two-seat conversion trainers, while the Indian Navy may order up to 40 single-seaters to replace its Sea Harrier FRS.51 and Harrier T.60.[6] The LCA naval variant is expected to take to the skies by 2009.[7] Recent developments suggest that the aircraft will be inducted into the Indian Air Force by end of 2010 or early 2011.[8]. During its sea level flight trials off Goa during December 2009, Tejas notched a speed of over 1,350 km per hour, thus becoming the first supersonic fighter being manufactured indigenously by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited.
3. Sukhoi 30 MKI
The Sukhoi Su-30 MKI[3] (NATO reporting name: Flanker-H) is a variant of the Sukhoi Su-30 jointly-developed by Russia's Sukhoi Corporation and India's Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) for the Indian Air Force (IAF). It is an air superiority fighter which can also act as a multirole, strike fighter jet.
The development of the variant started after India signed a deal with Russia in 2000 to manufacture 140 Su-30 fighter jets.[4] The first Russian-made Su-30MKI variant was integrated into the IAF in 2002,[5] while the first indigenous Su-30MKI (with Russian engine) entered service with the IAF in 2004.[6] In 2007, the IAF ordered 40 additional MKIs.[7] As of March 2010, the IAF has 130 MKIs under active service and planned to have an operational fleet of 280 MKIs by 2015.
4. HAL Dhruv ( ALH )
The HAL Dhruv (Sanskrit: ध्रुव, "Pole Star") is a multi-role helicopter developed and manufactured by India's Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL). It is being supplied to the Indian Armed Forces, and a civilian variant is also available. The helicopter was first exported to Nepal and Israel, and is on order by several other countries for both military and commercial uses. Military versions in production are for transport, utility, reconnaissance and MedEvac roles.
The HAL Light Combat Helicopter (LCH) is a helicopter gunship based on the Dhruv platform.[3] A naval version for anti-submarine operations was proposed, but has been dropped.
5. NAL Saras
The NAL Saras (Sanskrit: सरस्: "Crane") is the first Indian multi-purpose civilian aircraft in the Light Transport Aircraft category designed by the National Aerospace Laboratory (NAL).
The project began in 1991 as a collaboration with Russia (Myasishchev had a similar project called the Duet), but financial trouble led the Russians to drop out early in the project. The project almost came to a halt when it was hit by US-imposed sanctions in 1998, after India's nuclear tests in Pokhran.
The first Saras (PT1) completed its maiden flight at the HAL airport in Bangalore on 29 May 2004.[1]
While the designed empty weight of the aircraft is around 4,125 kg, the first prototype weighed in around 5,118 kg. This issue is sought to be addressed by including composite wings and tail by the third prototype. This also resulted in the originally chosen 850 hp PT6A-66 Pratt and Whitney engine being replaced by a 1,200 hp engine of the same PT6A family in the second prototype.[2]
According to NAL, besides providing a higher lift, the new engine will also meet the more stringent FAR-25 climb gradient requirements under conditions of one engine failure. Apparently, the basic structure and the landing gear have enough margins to handle this increased all-up weight.
The second prototype (PT2) first flew on 20 April 2007. The third prototype is expected to fly by June 2009, with the modifications for weight reduction. The first prototype aircraft was on flying display at the 2005 Aero India airshow.
NAL ::
National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL), is India's second largest aerospace firm after Hindustan Aeronautics (HAL). It was established by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) at Delhi in 1959 and its headquarters was later moved to Bangalore in 1960. The firm closely operates with HAL, DRDO and ISRO and has the prime responsibility of developing civilian aircraft in India.
NAL is a high technology oriented institution concentrating on advanced topics in the aerospace and related disciplines. Originally started as National Aeronautical Laboratory, it was renamed National Aerospace Laboratories to reflect its major involvement in the Indian space programme, its multidisciplinary activities and global positioning. It is India’s only civilian aerospace laboratory with a high level of competence and the expertise of its scientists is globally acknowledged. [1]
NAL employs a staff of about 1300 with about 350 full-fledged R&D professionals. NAL is equipped with facilities such as the Nilakantan Wind tunnel Centre and a computerised fatigue test facility. NAL also has facilities for investigating failures and accidents in aerospace.
6. BAE HAWK
The BAE Systems Hawk is a British single engine, advanced jet trainer aircraft. It first flew in 1974 as the Hawker Siddeley Hawk. The Hawk is used by the Royal Air Force, and other air forces, as either a trainer or a low-cost combat aircraft. The Hawk is still in production with over 900 Hawks sold to 18 customers around the world.
7. HJT 36 SITARA
The HAL Hindustan Jet Trainer-36 (HJT-36) Sitara (Hindi: सितारा, Sitārā, "star")[1][2] is an Intermediate Jet trainer aircraft (IJT) under development by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) ARDC (Aircraft Research and Design Center) for the Indian Air Force. The HJT-36 will replace the HJT-16 Kiran in its role as a trainer (Stage-2) in the Indian Air Force. It has a conventional jet trainer design, with a low, swept wing, staggered cockpits and small air intakes on either side of its fuselage.
List of Licensed production Aircraft by HAL ::
Licenced production
HAL licenced-built Su-30 MKI
* Harlow PC-5 — first aircraft assembled by HAL
* Percival Prentice — 66-built by HAL
* Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 — FL, M, Bis and Bison upgrades variants
* Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-27 — M variant
* SEPECAT Jaguar— IS, IB and IM variants
* AdourMk 811 for Jaguar
* Adour Mk 871 for BAE Hawk Mk 132
* HAL Ajeet — improved version of the Folland Gnat
* Aerospatiale SA 315B Lama — HAL Cheetah, Lancer, Cheetal Variants
* Aerospatiale SA 316B Alouette III — HAL Chetak, Chetan Variants
* Dornier Do 228 and Garret-5 engine
* HAL HS 748 Avro
* Sukhoi Su-30MKI
* BAe Systems Hawk Mk. 132 — scheduled production of 42 aircraft
