When we talk about Arabs..We are talking about the Kingdom of Kedar, which ruled from northern Saudi Arabia until the borders of Anatolia and Egypt. And the Kingdom of Edessa (Al-Abjar), the Kingdom of Palmyra and the Nabataeans, then the Manazir and the Ghassanids, and we also mention that the Kingdom of Kinda ruled parts of southern Levant during the height of its expansion.
The Kingdom of Palmyra, for example, was established in the second and third centuries AD, and it was a very powerful kingdom that had defeated Persia and Rome several times.
Then the homes of the Arab tribes extend to the borders of the Anatolian plateau, and the homes of Taghlib were its capital (Nassibin), and in Nisibis one of the oldest Christian churches, which belonged to the Christians of the Arabs, and had an Arab priest.. And you have the Diyarbakir region (in relation to Bani Bakr Ibn Wael).
The poet Amr bin Kulthum Al-Taghlibi says:
And a cup I drank in Baalbek .. And another in Damascus and Kasrina
The oldest mention of the Arabs was in (Horan and its environs) (in 800 BC).
The Levant in particular is an Arab country as well as its inhabitants, and most of the kingdoms that were established there were by Arabs hundreds of years before Islam..
As for Palestine and the Jordan Plain, the presence of Arabs in it is very old. Indeed, the Persian King Cambyses (400 BC) paid a tribute to the Arabs of the Palestine desert so that they would not be opposed to his convoys of supplies while his army crossed to Egypt, and then on his way back he was subjected to an attack that led to his death.
As for Iraq, many Arab kingdoms were established in it.. Including the Kingdom of Maysan, which ruled the Basra region, Kuwait, and its environs (in the first century BC, the Seleucid period).
There was also the Arab Kingdom of Hatra, or Arabiya as the Westerners know it. It is a commercial city and the capital of a powerful kingdom that lasted for about 400 years, which resisted the Persian and Roman invasions with all force, and ended around the year 250 AD.
Moreover, the Arab migrations to the Levant or Iraq and Palestine, did not occur only in the Islamic period, but was preceded by dozens of migrations from different Arab tribes such as Judham, Taghleb and Bakr Ibn Wael, Bani Kalb, Lakhmids, Tanukh tribes, some Quda`ah, Ghassan and others.. And these certainly weren't the first.
As for the presence of Arabs in North Africa and Egypt, it is something that cannot be neglected, and in Egypt in particular, dozens of Arab tribes have melted with the demographic structure, and even painted Egypt with a complete Arab tint that made the Egyptian people one of the most important pillars of Arabism.
As for the rest of North Africa, specifically Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco, there is a brutal war- left over- from France against everything that is Arab. they did everything they could to destroy the Arab identity, such as supporting and trying to spread the Amazigh (Berber) identity and creating alongside Spain the Western Sahara issue in defiance of the Arab-Moroccan regime, which stands as a stumbling block in their way to extend their control. and to demolition the Arab identity in it..
So in fact..this Arab league exist in a form or another since at least 800 BC.. but that was just the first time it was mentioned..
For further knowledge:
The Levant has been described as the "crossroads of western Asia, the eastern Mediterranean, and northeast Africa", and the "northwest of the Arabian plate".
Neolithic and Chalcolithic
By 8500–7500 BC, the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (
PPNA) culture developed out of the earlier local tradition of Natufian in Southern Palestine, dwelling in round houses, and building the first defensive site at
Tell es-Sultan (ancient Jericho) (guarding a valuable fresh water spring). This was replaced in 7500 BC by Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (
PPNB), dwelling in square houses, coming from Northern Syria and the Euphrates bend.
During the period of 8500–7500 BC, another hunter-gatherer group, showing clear affinities with the cultures of Egypt (particularly the Outacha retouch technique for working stone) was in Sinai. This
Harifian culture may have adopted the use of pottery from the
Isnan culture and
Helwan culture of Egypt (which lasted from 9000 to 4500 BC), and subsequently fused with elements from the PPNB culture during the climatic crisis of 6000 BC to form what
Juris Zarins calls the Syro-Arabian pastoral technocomplex, which saw the spread of the first
Nomadic pastoralists in the Ancient Near East.
These extended southwards along the
Red Sea coast and penetrating the Arabian bifacial cultures, which became progressively more Neolithic and pastoral, and extending north and eastwards, to lay the foundations for the tent-dwelling
Martu and
Akkadian peoples of
Mesopotamia.
In the
Amuq valley of Syria,
PPNB culture seems to have survived, influencing further cultural developments further south. Nomadic elements fused with PPNB to form the
Minhata Culture and
Yarmukian Culture, which were to spread southwards, beginning the development of the classic mixed farming Mediterranean culture, and from 5600 BC were associated with the
Ghassulian culture of the region, the first
Chalcolithic culture of the Levant. This period also witnessed the development of megalithic structures, which continued into the Bronze Age..
...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_ancient_Levant
https://journals.openedition.org/bcrfj/256
