Pksecurity
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Retirement is a stage in life when people, having diminished physical and mental capabilities, can no longer perform the functions of their job. Retirement can either be voluntary or mandatory. While people can chose to retire voluntarily at any stage in life, mandatory retirement is the age at which persons who hold certain jobs or offices are required by industry custom or by law to leave their employment, or retire. This type of mandatory retirement is justified by the argument that certain occupations are either too dangerous (military personnel) or require high levels of physical and mental skill (air traffic controllers, airline pilots). Most rely on the notion that a worker's productivity declines significantly after age 65, and the mandatory retirement is the employer's way to reduced productivity. However, since the age at which retirement is mandated is often somewhat arbitrary and not based upon an actual physical evaluation of an individual person, many view the practice as a form of age discrimination, or ageism.
Different countries have different laws for mandatory retirement. This type of retirement is generally unlawful in the United States, except in certain industries and occupations that are regulated by law, and are often part of the government, such as military service and federal police agencies, such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) protects individuals who are 40 years of age or older from employment discrimination based on age. The ADEA's protections apply to both employees and job applicants. Under the ADEA, it is unlawful to discriminate against a person because of his/her age with respect to any term, condition, or privilege of employment, including hiring, firing, promotion, layoff, compensation, benefits, job assignments, and training.
There are, however, certain professions in the US where the workers are required to retire on attaining a certain age. For pilots, the mandatory retirement age of airline pilots is 65. For air traffic controllers, retirement age is 56, with exceptions up to age 61whereas federal law enforcement officers, national park rangers and firefighters are required by law to retire at the age of 57, or later if they have rendered less than 20 years of service.
In case of Canada, the normal age for retirement is 65, however one cannot be forced to retire at that age. Labor laws in the country do not specify a retirement age. Age 65 is when federal Old Age Security pension benefits begin, and most private and public retirement plans have been designed to provide income to the person starting at 65. All judges in Canada are subject to mandatory retirement, at age 70 or 75 depending on the court. Federal senators cease to hold their seats at age 75. Mandatory retirement of federally regulated employees is prohibited from December 2012.
In Australia, compulsory retirement is expressly unlawful throughout the various State and Territory jurisdictions in Australia. The Governor-General can remove Justices of the High Court (and other Parliament-created courts) in limited circumstances.
In October 2006 the Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006, the UK Government introduced a Default Retirement Age, whereby employers are able to terminate or deny employment to people over 65 without a reason. A legal challenge to this failed in September 2009, although a review of the legislation was expected in 2010 by the new Conservative/Liberal Democrat coalition government. This review has taken place and on 17 February 2011 published the draft Regulations abolishing the Default Retirement Age. The draft Regulations were later revised and the final version was laid before Parliament on 1 March 2011. As of 6 April 2011, employers can no longer give employees notice of retirement under Default Retirement Age provisions and will need to objectively justify any compulsory retirement age still in place to avoid age discrimination claims.
Pakistan is also following the practice of retirement so far it relates to politicians; a politician never retires because the job specifications related to political offices do not require active mind and body and he can perform his duties as a minister, prime minister, lawmaker, president etc. till his death. To the contrary, other professions have a certain mandatory retirement age. In armed forces, people who have no apparent prospects of career progression are retired in young age. The maximum age a soldier, a sailor or an airman can serve is 60, if he rises to the highest office. In civil services, the mandatory retirement age is 60. Judges of the superior courts retire at the age of 62 to 65 depending upon the court. However, like politicians, their cronies can also retain the mental and physical capabilities to serve far beyond the normal mandatory retirement age. A person can be appointed at the age of 85 to conduct elections, if he is politically suitable to politicians.
This is very interesting. People retire in Pakistan at the age when they are considered to be unable to fulfill the demand of their job. But since the profession of politics does not demand mental and physical fitness, the politicians can continue in their jobs indefinitely.
ALLVOICES: Why dont politicians ever retire?
Different countries have different laws for mandatory retirement. This type of retirement is generally unlawful in the United States, except in certain industries and occupations that are regulated by law, and are often part of the government, such as military service and federal police agencies, such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) protects individuals who are 40 years of age or older from employment discrimination based on age. The ADEA's protections apply to both employees and job applicants. Under the ADEA, it is unlawful to discriminate against a person because of his/her age with respect to any term, condition, or privilege of employment, including hiring, firing, promotion, layoff, compensation, benefits, job assignments, and training.
There are, however, certain professions in the US where the workers are required to retire on attaining a certain age. For pilots, the mandatory retirement age of airline pilots is 65. For air traffic controllers, retirement age is 56, with exceptions up to age 61whereas federal law enforcement officers, national park rangers and firefighters are required by law to retire at the age of 57, or later if they have rendered less than 20 years of service.
In case of Canada, the normal age for retirement is 65, however one cannot be forced to retire at that age. Labor laws in the country do not specify a retirement age. Age 65 is when federal Old Age Security pension benefits begin, and most private and public retirement plans have been designed to provide income to the person starting at 65. All judges in Canada are subject to mandatory retirement, at age 70 or 75 depending on the court. Federal senators cease to hold their seats at age 75. Mandatory retirement of federally regulated employees is prohibited from December 2012.
In Australia, compulsory retirement is expressly unlawful throughout the various State and Territory jurisdictions in Australia. The Governor-General can remove Justices of the High Court (and other Parliament-created courts) in limited circumstances.
In October 2006 the Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006, the UK Government introduced a Default Retirement Age, whereby employers are able to terminate or deny employment to people over 65 without a reason. A legal challenge to this failed in September 2009, although a review of the legislation was expected in 2010 by the new Conservative/Liberal Democrat coalition government. This review has taken place and on 17 February 2011 published the draft Regulations abolishing the Default Retirement Age. The draft Regulations were later revised and the final version was laid before Parliament on 1 March 2011. As of 6 April 2011, employers can no longer give employees notice of retirement under Default Retirement Age provisions and will need to objectively justify any compulsory retirement age still in place to avoid age discrimination claims.
Pakistan is also following the practice of retirement so far it relates to politicians; a politician never retires because the job specifications related to political offices do not require active mind and body and he can perform his duties as a minister, prime minister, lawmaker, president etc. till his death. To the contrary, other professions have a certain mandatory retirement age. In armed forces, people who have no apparent prospects of career progression are retired in young age. The maximum age a soldier, a sailor or an airman can serve is 60, if he rises to the highest office. In civil services, the mandatory retirement age is 60. Judges of the superior courts retire at the age of 62 to 65 depending upon the court. However, like politicians, their cronies can also retain the mental and physical capabilities to serve far beyond the normal mandatory retirement age. A person can be appointed at the age of 85 to conduct elections, if he is politically suitable to politicians.
This is very interesting. People retire in Pakistan at the age when they are considered to be unable to fulfill the demand of their job. But since the profession of politics does not demand mental and physical fitness, the politicians can continue in their jobs indefinitely.
ALLVOICES: Why dont politicians ever retire?
