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Active development is a process of mass production of a new military transport aircraft Il-76MD-90A.It's not just the familiar plane IL-76, and its modern modification with increased transport capacity and improved performance characteristics.Before CB Ilyushin now stand task of creating new types of aircraft - a light transport Il-112V and the average MTS (MTA).On the creation of medium-sized military transport aircraft, Vladimir A. Belyakov told us
Vladimir A. Belyakov
Organizer aircraft production.Honorary Aircraft Builder.
After graduating from the Moscow Aviation Institute in 1977.until 1989 he worked at the enterprises of the aviation industry.He participated in the creation of programs of aircraft: IL-96 M / T, IL-103, IL-114-100 and IL-214.
In 1989, he graduated from the All-Union Academy of Foreign Trade of the USSR MW and listened marketing courses Graduate School of Economic Sciences in France and in 1990 she began working as an assistant designer of the Open Joint Stock Company «Ilyushin Aviation Complex.SV, Ilyushin. "Since 1997 - Deputy General Designer of Marketing, and in 2002 was appointed Deputy General Director of "IL" for marketing and external relations.
With the technical, legal and economic knowledge, owning foreign languages, VABelyakov engaged in the establishment, maintenance and development of contracts of "IL" with firms abroad.With his direct participation were implemented program development and certification of aircraft: Il-96T, IL-114-100 and IL-103 and a number of international programs of "IL."
He was awarded medals.
- Vladimir Anatolyevich, you are one of those who stood at the origins of the project MTA / MTS.
- Yes, and it is mentioned in the memoirs of Heinrich Vasilyevich Novozhilov, where it is said that his deputy.Marketing brought from India news that Indian colleagues would like to make an aircraft that is very similar to the one that is needed, and Russia.
- What year was it?
- Early 2000s.After receiving the Indian Air Force requirements, we have prepared an offer of the Indian side.Painted in detail the process and timing of development and testing, conducted a preliminary assessment of the cost of the whole project and the aircraft.I must say that a lot has been done and the technical side, and with the organizational side of the line of military-technical cooperation.It turned out that we were the first who on such terms discussed military-technical cooperation with India.Several front of us was a program of "BrahMos", but it was easier because they were based on the real object to the data on which it was possible to rely in planning.We had to do it all from the beginning.First of all - the formation of the technical specifications for the plane, one that would satisfy and positively perceived by both Indian and Russian air forces.This helped us to work on the formation of proposals for the plan of military transport aircraft, which has been proposed and, in future, be approved.The plan we have considered all types of aircraft from light to super-heavy transport, and suggested that the Russian Air Force.We carry out this program so far.All machines are "Ilyushin" is currently developing, then included in the program of development of military transport aircraft.This IL-112V, MTS, of course Il-76MD-90A and the next class car that we will also do.
What is the main difficulty?In its development of the military transport aircraft can not be based on current needs.Over the past 10 years, weight and armored personnel carriers and infantry fighting vehicles, and the rest of the equipment, which must throw for the rapid reaction force and our and the Indian armed forces has grown by 20 percent.
The first TK Indian side of MTS was to create a plane that would suit both military and civil aviation.Indira Gandhi embraced the idea of creating your own Indian aircraft, the Indian side wanted a plane that would 12-15t carrying cargo or 150 passengers in a passenger version.It is this duality of the Indian reservation has allowed us to come together in partnership with the Corporation "Irkut".So there was a program of MS-21, with which the JSC "IL" with "Irkut Corporation" EDO "ASYakovlev "and production plants VACO," Aviastar-SP "and others. Won the state competition.Yes, MS-21 grew out of the idea that parts of the complex and could be used in both projects to increase the mass-produced and cost reduction.
But gradually, the program went.If there were 150 passengers and up to 180 as planned, then we - the needs of transportation, does not meet today's and tomorrow's needs of ground forces, made quite a long time, but to work successfully with the Indian side and convince them of the need to change the TOR.And they went to this change, and it was officially approved.
So, a new TOR on the Indian side, and the same was approved by the Russian side.It was suggested that the size of the cargo compartment to unify the size of the cargo compartment of IL-76, which allows the transport and transfer of goods from one aircraft type to another taking into account the weight and not thinking about the title and dimensions.
- TK is essential if different from the Indian side of the Russian?
- At LTH Indian side, of course, required the features that we have not very much affected.They have most of the country, where it is necessary to shift loads - mountain.Therefore, the basic requirements - high-altitude airports, hot tropical climate with its high-rise temperature scale.This required an increase in thrust-weight ratio of the aircraft.You can ask separately Alexander Alexandrovich Inozemtsev as its engine at first called PD-9, PD 10 then rose to -11 PD-14.A basis for TK, where it all began, was just our Russian-Indian project.
Today, as the base defined PS-90, which provides and high, and work in a hot climate, the more that these engines are already in operation in India and well shows.
- But still lays in the future re-engine?
- In the future, of course.This may be a PD-14, and I think that motorists will go on, and the engine may appear higher bypass ratio. Our plane is vysokoplan that allows to experiment and do what all the world strive to achieve - bypass 1 to 15. However, the aircraft will be used to the new engines.
- Indeed, the term of a new engine often twice the period of creation of the aircraft.So hurry and can not wait for the engine specialists ripen?
- You can not.Russia, these aircraft will be in dire need since the early 20s.Whatever we do, as it did not seek to extend the life cycle of the aircraft AN-12 and AN-72, their operation outside of 45-50 years is not suitable.Take the problem taken more than 15 years ago with the production of CRP.
Therefore, our Air Force worked TK, it is officially approved and introduced into the aircraft all the necessary documents.And what is important - the money allocated.
- However, since the early 2000s.Is it too delayed start-up phase?
- For a long time it was difficult to start this project.The crisis of the late '90s, and then in 2008.And this time we go out with a proposal for 50% of direct investment of the joint venture created to develop the aircraft, and the organization of its production facilities in Russia and India.Also, for a long time it was a question about the source of the funding and the possible use of a billion dollars in Indian rupees, which the two presidents instructed to use high-tech joint projects.However, the procedure of decision on the use of rupees was so complicated that ultimately, the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation was easier to publish a decree on direct funding from the budget.And the fate of a billion is for further study, for its possible use in the future.
Thick and hard work, and with the Indian, and Russian customers has enabled without any exceptions form the shape of an airplane that meets the requirements of both sides.And, most importantly, to ensure the fulfillment of so many, and Russian, and Indian requirements at no additional cost or engineering investment.Power-embedded in the machine allows you to solve today's challenges, and optimistic about the further development of this machine as a military transport.
I refer here to the history of the aircraft IL-76, which has undergone significant modification 3, each of which allows you to increase to 25% of its transport capacity, carrying capacity.Last modification launched into production in Ulyanovsk can carry 60 tons.instead of the previous 48T.
Representatives of state aircraft in India with high accuracy are obligations that the charge, and the financial and production.We have for a long time to substantiate the correctness of the proposed solutions.A simple example - for more than 1.5 years delayed the adoption of the Indian customer first phase of work.In the end, all the questions that, according to the Indian side demanded explanations have been clarified, but no change in the technical solutions that have been proposed by us, was not required to make.But time lost.
- How will be divided between the parties to the production function?
- From the outset, it is seen that we are, and India will carry out final assembly.
- A kit?
- The issue of components is great potential for the development of Russian-Indian cooperation in the aircraft industry.You can consider any component parts as the object soproizvodstva.This also applies to on-board systems, and any other components that might be made in India.It should be noted that India has achieved considerable success in the series production of aircraft and, in part, in some areas has a very good achievements.That is, Russia is not going to act as an elder brother, and as an equal partner.
- But India wants to obtain not only technology, but also the intellectual property rights.
- Under the agreement, both parties have the right to use all the technologies developed under the project.The developer is a Russian-Indian enterprise «Multirole Transport Aircraft Ltd» (MTAL), it will be entitled to all rights.I do not exclude that in the future it may grow into a powerful Russian-Indian aircraft company, similar to Airbus, which will develop and produce a wide range of aircraft.
- How is the process of working parallel or Indian experts are in Moscow?
- They prepared the room and at our company Ilyushin, and in the design office of Indian corporations «Hindustan Aeronautics Limited» (HAL).If necessary, the Indian experts and are working with us
- What are the needs in the plane sounded Indian and Russian sides?
India has identified the first order of 45 vehicles, Russia - 100. In India, currently 104 AN-32 aircraft.Even 10-12 years and will change the park.Light military transport aircraft CASA 295 that India plans to produce, does not replace the An-32, it does not have the altitude, and the size of the fuselage does not allow for the transportation of military equipment.For SWAT India has ordered C-130J.Now there are 12. But this is, in fact, flying ground attack with guns and machine guns.
- Who can be our rival in the Indian market and offer an alternative solution?
We compete with Brazilian KC-390, upgraded "Hercules» C-130, a few years will be upgraded on the basis of a Chinese freighter An-12.
- So at what stage is the program MTS?
- Always ready to the beginning of the detailed design.
- Do I understand correctly that for Russia the question is solved, and the project will be implemented in any case, with or without India?
- Yes, today in Russia there is no medium military transport aircraft.
- I understand how difficult it is to organize the work of engineers from different schools of design.Not to mention the difference in the adopted standards.
- Yes, in India we have to learn the co-production, and therefore a joint acceptance by the customer - and India, and Russia.The Indian Air Force as a major military standards accepted US military standards.But we were able, eventually, to change the situation.We have achieved that in our program, India is already in the design phase, it took our rules.This lays the foundation for convergence, including on future projects.
Moreover, since the dual-purpose aircraft, the next step - conducting civil certification.
- They must recognize our certificate?
- Work on mutual recognition of certification procedures in the Russian Federation and the Republic of India conducted a long time and quite successfully.Already signed an agreement on mutual recognition of certification procedures.We were doing it to put India in the party of Il-114 was then pre-order for 25 vehicles.Unfortunately, this program has been stopped because of the decision of the Government of Uzbekistan to close the plant TAPOiCH.
- Vladimir A., to complete once again I ask you to identify the arguments that, in your opinion, say for the project MTS
Roman Gusarov
AEX.RU
(Original Artical was in Russian, so there may be some translation mistakes. Please correct/ignore it. )
Vladimir A. Belyakov
Organizer aircraft production.Honorary Aircraft Builder.
After graduating from the Moscow Aviation Institute in 1977.until 1989 he worked at the enterprises of the aviation industry.He participated in the creation of programs of aircraft: IL-96 M / T, IL-103, IL-114-100 and IL-214.
In 1989, he graduated from the All-Union Academy of Foreign Trade of the USSR MW and listened marketing courses Graduate School of Economic Sciences in France and in 1990 she began working as an assistant designer of the Open Joint Stock Company «Ilyushin Aviation Complex.SV, Ilyushin. "Since 1997 - Deputy General Designer of Marketing, and in 2002 was appointed Deputy General Director of "IL" for marketing and external relations.
With the technical, legal and economic knowledge, owning foreign languages, VABelyakov engaged in the establishment, maintenance and development of contracts of "IL" with firms abroad.With his direct participation were implemented program development and certification of aircraft: Il-96T, IL-114-100 and IL-103 and a number of international programs of "IL."
He was awarded medals.
- Vladimir Anatolyevich, you are one of those who stood at the origins of the project MTA / MTS.
- Yes, and it is mentioned in the memoirs of Heinrich Vasilyevich Novozhilov, where it is said that his deputy.Marketing brought from India news that Indian colleagues would like to make an aircraft that is very similar to the one that is needed, and Russia.
- What year was it?
- Early 2000s.After receiving the Indian Air Force requirements, we have prepared an offer of the Indian side.Painted in detail the process and timing of development and testing, conducted a preliminary assessment of the cost of the whole project and the aircraft.I must say that a lot has been done and the technical side, and with the organizational side of the line of military-technical cooperation.It turned out that we were the first who on such terms discussed military-technical cooperation with India.Several front of us was a program of "BrahMos", but it was easier because they were based on the real object to the data on which it was possible to rely in planning.We had to do it all from the beginning.First of all - the formation of the technical specifications for the plane, one that would satisfy and positively perceived by both Indian and Russian air forces.This helped us to work on the formation of proposals for the plan of military transport aircraft, which has been proposed and, in future, be approved.The plan we have considered all types of aircraft from light to super-heavy transport, and suggested that the Russian Air Force.We carry out this program so far.All machines are "Ilyushin" is currently developing, then included in the program of development of military transport aircraft.This IL-112V, MTS, of course Il-76MD-90A and the next class car that we will also do.
What is the main difficulty?In its development of the military transport aircraft can not be based on current needs.Over the past 10 years, weight and armored personnel carriers and infantry fighting vehicles, and the rest of the equipment, which must throw for the rapid reaction force and our and the Indian armed forces has grown by 20 percent.
The first TK Indian side of MTS was to create a plane that would suit both military and civil aviation.Indira Gandhi embraced the idea of creating your own Indian aircraft, the Indian side wanted a plane that would 12-15t carrying cargo or 150 passengers in a passenger version.It is this duality of the Indian reservation has allowed us to come together in partnership with the Corporation "Irkut".So there was a program of MS-21, with which the JSC "IL" with "Irkut Corporation" EDO "ASYakovlev "and production plants VACO," Aviastar-SP "and others. Won the state competition.Yes, MS-21 grew out of the idea that parts of the complex and could be used in both projects to increase the mass-produced and cost reduction.
But gradually, the program went.If there were 150 passengers and up to 180 as planned, then we - the needs of transportation, does not meet today's and tomorrow's needs of ground forces, made quite a long time, but to work successfully with the Indian side and convince them of the need to change the TOR.And they went to this change, and it was officially approved.
So, a new TOR on the Indian side, and the same was approved by the Russian side.It was suggested that the size of the cargo compartment to unify the size of the cargo compartment of IL-76, which allows the transport and transfer of goods from one aircraft type to another taking into account the weight and not thinking about the title and dimensions.
- TK is essential if different from the Indian side of the Russian?
- At LTH Indian side, of course, required the features that we have not very much affected.They have most of the country, where it is necessary to shift loads - mountain.Therefore, the basic requirements - high-altitude airports, hot tropical climate with its high-rise temperature scale.This required an increase in thrust-weight ratio of the aircraft.You can ask separately Alexander Alexandrovich Inozemtsev as its engine at first called PD-9, PD 10 then rose to -11 PD-14.A basis for TK, where it all began, was just our Russian-Indian project.
Today, as the base defined PS-90, which provides and high, and work in a hot climate, the more that these engines are already in operation in India and well shows.
- But still lays in the future re-engine?
- In the future, of course.This may be a PD-14, and I think that motorists will go on, and the engine may appear higher bypass ratio. Our plane is vysokoplan that allows to experiment and do what all the world strive to achieve - bypass 1 to 15. However, the aircraft will be used to the new engines.
- Indeed, the term of a new engine often twice the period of creation of the aircraft.So hurry and can not wait for the engine specialists ripen?
- You can not.Russia, these aircraft will be in dire need since the early 20s.Whatever we do, as it did not seek to extend the life cycle of the aircraft AN-12 and AN-72, their operation outside of 45-50 years is not suitable.Take the problem taken more than 15 years ago with the production of CRP.
Therefore, our Air Force worked TK, it is officially approved and introduced into the aircraft all the necessary documents.And what is important - the money allocated.
- However, since the early 2000s.Is it too delayed start-up phase?
- For a long time it was difficult to start this project.The crisis of the late '90s, and then in 2008.And this time we go out with a proposal for 50% of direct investment of the joint venture created to develop the aircraft, and the organization of its production facilities in Russia and India.Also, for a long time it was a question about the source of the funding and the possible use of a billion dollars in Indian rupees, which the two presidents instructed to use high-tech joint projects.However, the procedure of decision on the use of rupees was so complicated that ultimately, the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation was easier to publish a decree on direct funding from the budget.And the fate of a billion is for further study, for its possible use in the future.
Thick and hard work, and with the Indian, and Russian customers has enabled without any exceptions form the shape of an airplane that meets the requirements of both sides.And, most importantly, to ensure the fulfillment of so many, and Russian, and Indian requirements at no additional cost or engineering investment.Power-embedded in the machine allows you to solve today's challenges, and optimistic about the further development of this machine as a military transport.
I refer here to the history of the aircraft IL-76, which has undergone significant modification 3, each of which allows you to increase to 25% of its transport capacity, carrying capacity.Last modification launched into production in Ulyanovsk can carry 60 tons.instead of the previous 48T.
Representatives of state aircraft in India with high accuracy are obligations that the charge, and the financial and production.We have for a long time to substantiate the correctness of the proposed solutions.A simple example - for more than 1.5 years delayed the adoption of the Indian customer first phase of work.In the end, all the questions that, according to the Indian side demanded explanations have been clarified, but no change in the technical solutions that have been proposed by us, was not required to make.But time lost.
- How will be divided between the parties to the production function?
- From the outset, it is seen that we are, and India will carry out final assembly.
- A kit?
- The issue of components is great potential for the development of Russian-Indian cooperation in the aircraft industry.You can consider any component parts as the object soproizvodstva.This also applies to on-board systems, and any other components that might be made in India.It should be noted that India has achieved considerable success in the series production of aircraft and, in part, in some areas has a very good achievements.That is, Russia is not going to act as an elder brother, and as an equal partner.
- But India wants to obtain not only technology, but also the intellectual property rights.
- Under the agreement, both parties have the right to use all the technologies developed under the project.The developer is a Russian-Indian enterprise «Multirole Transport Aircraft Ltd» (MTAL), it will be entitled to all rights.I do not exclude that in the future it may grow into a powerful Russian-Indian aircraft company, similar to Airbus, which will develop and produce a wide range of aircraft.
- How is the process of working parallel or Indian experts are in Moscow?
- They prepared the room and at our company Ilyushin, and in the design office of Indian corporations «Hindustan Aeronautics Limited» (HAL).If necessary, the Indian experts and are working with us
- What are the needs in the plane sounded Indian and Russian sides?
India has identified the first order of 45 vehicles, Russia - 100. In India, currently 104 AN-32 aircraft.Even 10-12 years and will change the park.Light military transport aircraft CASA 295 that India plans to produce, does not replace the An-32, it does not have the altitude, and the size of the fuselage does not allow for the transportation of military equipment.For SWAT India has ordered C-130J.Now there are 12. But this is, in fact, flying ground attack with guns and machine guns.
- Who can be our rival in the Indian market and offer an alternative solution?
We compete with Brazilian KC-390, upgraded "Hercules» C-130, a few years will be upgraded on the basis of a Chinese freighter An-12.
- So at what stage is the program MTS?
- Always ready to the beginning of the detailed design.
- Do I understand correctly that for Russia the question is solved, and the project will be implemented in any case, with or without India?
- Yes, today in Russia there is no medium military transport aircraft.
- I understand how difficult it is to organize the work of engineers from different schools of design.Not to mention the difference in the adopted standards.
- Yes, in India we have to learn the co-production, and therefore a joint acceptance by the customer - and India, and Russia.The Indian Air Force as a major military standards accepted US military standards.But we were able, eventually, to change the situation.We have achieved that in our program, India is already in the design phase, it took our rules.This lays the foundation for convergence, including on future projects.
Moreover, since the dual-purpose aircraft, the next step - conducting civil certification.
- They must recognize our certificate?
- Work on mutual recognition of certification procedures in the Russian Federation and the Republic of India conducted a long time and quite successfully.Already signed an agreement on mutual recognition of certification procedures.We were doing it to put India in the party of Il-114 was then pre-order for 25 vehicles.Unfortunately, this program has been stopped because of the decision of the Government of Uzbekistan to close the plant TAPOiCH.
- Vladimir A., to complete once again I ask you to identify the arguments that, in your opinion, say for the project MTS
- Multi-purpose transport aircraft market is a product that meets all modern aircraft and special military requirements and the actual demand, and India, and our party.In those periods in which it is scheduled for release, the aircraft will be needed to carry out the vital transport problems in both countries.
- The project is characterized by minimal technical risk, as evidenced by the following:
- using the experience of creation and operation of military transport aircraft, which is available for JSC "IL",
- the expertise of the company «HAL» in the creation and organization of serial production of highly loaded components made of composite materials
- a joint decision on the use of project components are in production or at the stage of completion of the certification test;
- the choice of proven operation in the main propulsion system, APU and other components;
- The aircraft meets the requirements of both countries to ensure independence from political risks of military transport capabilities.(For example, the Brazilian aircraft KC-390 has all the basic components of American or Western Europeans production. And this political risks with which we are familiar and Indian partners, and dozens more countries. The result of such risks clearly demonstrated in Indonesia, where the crashed C 130, the park which for many years has been deprived of the right to supply spare parts for appropriate sanctions. These political risks are unacceptable to the armed forces of a country that wants to maintain independence in decision-making.)
- You can not consider this program as a program of the aircraft.This program, which is developed on the basis of a system of relations in the aviation industry between us and India, the system of relations in the military-technical cooperation.The process involves both industry and the Ministry of Defence and the government and legislative bodies of both countries.So far in India, defense industry only joint venture "BrahMos" and «MTAL» have an equal share of the Indian and Russian shareholders in the capital of companies - 50%.This privilege is a great responsibility.Indian legislation (a company registered in Bangalore) is not limited by one company's product.Developing competencies and acquiring joint experience with stage Bookmarks requirements for aircraft to stage the serial production and logistics components for the assembly of the organization, it makes sense to expand the product range, which by the way "Brahmos" is already doing.From «MTAL» can grow large joint aviation company.What is the next product will design and build the company depends on how fast we move over to the first product - the aircraft MTS.A proposal is already there.
- The finished product of the decision will be in 3,5 - 4 years.If you make a decision today, the prototype will fly in the 19-20 year.Here, the most important political decision the hardness of both sides to move forward.The vagueness, uncertainty, constant discussion of those items that do not lead to a change in the aircraft technical configuration proposed and issued two parties delay cooperation.In any case, we will go forward as the aircraft, and Russia needs to be created.
Roman Gusarov
AEX.RU
(Original Artical was in Russian, so there may be some translation mistakes. Please correct/ignore it. )
