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Khilji, the first Afghan dyansty of Hindostan

Jizyah

"Fight those who believe not in God or the Last Day
and do not forbid what God and His Messenger have forbidden-
such men as practice not the religion of truth, being of those who have been given the Book-
until they pay tribute out of hand and have been humbled."

The Holy Quora'n 9:29

1. All able bodied Muslims are obliged to bear arms for the Islamic state. In other words, there is compulsory military service in Muslim societies - whether this has been institutionalized by the state or not.
2. The non-Muslims among the conquered races have no such obligation. However,the Muslims are protecting them, their families and property. Thus this tax was levied on them.However,the poor and the infirm were exempt.
3. Those who paid this tax thus identified themselves to remain outside the Islamic society. And the tax was a form of submission.
 
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