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Street children shield themselves with a polythene sheet during rains in New Delhi. The study reveals that 50.5 per cent of the street children were not literate.
The National capital is home to over 50,000 street children constituting 0.4 per cent of Delhis population and one per cent of the total number of children here a latest study has claimed. North Delhi has the highest concentration of street children at 10,091 of a total figure of 50,923 estimated to be living in the city.
The study, the first of its kind, on the census of street children in Delhi covering all nine districts of the State, considered three categories of children for their enumeration. The first street-living children, who have run away from their families and lived alone on streets; the second being street-working children, who spend most of their time on the streets but returned home on a regular basis; and the last category is children on street families who lived on the streets with their families.
The study-done between July 12 and August 28, 2010 has revealed that one out of every five (20.3 per cent) of the street children was involved in rag picking, This was followed by street vending (15.18 per cent), begging (15 per cent), working on road side repair shops (12.19 per cent), dhabas/hotels (6.24 per cent) and those employed in manufacturing units comprise a mere 1.22 per cent.
Conducted by Save the Children, a non-governmental organisation working for childrens rights and the Institute for Human Development, the study is important on two counts as it determines the number of street children and details their living conditions, and also lays out clear recommendations on how to deal with the problem of such large number of children on the streets.
The study also revealed that 50.5 per cent of the street children were not literate. This percentage makes a mockery of the Right to Education Act which makes elementary education a Constitutional entitlement for every child between the ages of 6 and 14 years, Thoma Chandy, CEO of Save the Children said. Twenty-three per cent of the children had received some form of non-formal education while almost 20 per cent had received some form of formal education.
Working street children are most vulnerable to exploitation and abuse. Employers force these children to work for long hours, without food, without providing any safety equipment, and for abysmally low wages as the children are not aware of their rights. Worse, studies have shown that boys and girls on the street are particularly vulnerable to sexual abuse by strangers, adult street dwellers and at times by the police too.
Using the census as the listing exercise, a sample survey of street children was done to understand their living conditions. Thirty-nine per cent of the street children slept in slums, 46 per cent in open or public places and only four per cent slept in shelters provided by non-governmental organisations, or the government. Nearly 22 per cent of those surveyed said they used drugs, largely tobacco and pan masala.
Only a small percentage of children had access to some form of identity proof. Considering that most street children are from the poorest communities who have largely migrated to urbane centres as a survival strategy, they should be given some identity proof that the government accepts as an entitlement document and allows then get admitted in schools.
The Hindu : Cities / Delhi : Delhi has over 50,000 street children: study
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