https://www.wikiwand.com/en/List_of_ethnic_groups_in_China
You can find the stats above.
But what I want to discuss is, that is the current ethnic policy working and useful?
Also, if any Chinese member can help me here, can somebody publish stats regarding the ethnic make up of recently born babies?
@rott @AndrewJin @Kiss_of_the_Dragon
India definitely can learn from China on how to unite and harmonize the diversified ethnics in the modern state of China. The 56 ethnics, official figure, many more actually when one considers the many smaller subgroups that are considered too small to be treated as a separate ethnicity. I've been in the NE India (Kolkata was my entrance) at once and be perplexed on how the people there communicated with different languages among regions and they didn't speak Hindi [much] and basically communicated in English among different ethnics. Nonetheless it's a nice, cherished experience to visit Bagdogra, Darjeeling, Siliguri, Gangtok and few other parts of Sikkim state.
If you follow closely the developments in modern China then you will see that the central govt gives enormous opportunities for all the minority ethnics to promote their cultures and traditions as long as they promote the national unity and harmony, even to the highest stages and the biggest occasions as the frequent coverage by the national TV networks and as in the most important traditional event, Spring Festival celebration and so on. And the majority Han Chinese do enjoy and love those minority cultures, just witness their popularity and embrace by the most Chinese people. Hint: just check at the popularity of Tibetan (Kangba, Anduo), Mongolian and many more cultures and the receptions by the Chinese people, in mainland and overseas! [I must confess that my own self is an ardent fan of those cultures of minority ethics, collecting many songs of them
]
FYI many of these minority ethnics have their own TV broadcast conveyed in their own languages, they remain be able to safeguard and show the richness of their own cultures, traditions, languages and so on.
The key points are the principle foundations laid out by those founding fathers of modern China to embrace all ethnicities and maintain their cultures and traditions in line with the united modern statehood of China (a wisdom that can be traced back as early as the 1911 Revolution in setting up the Republic of China by Dr. Sun Yat-sen and his compatriots), later outlined and protected in the PRC constitution! The arduous adoption over the generational efforts of one national language, i.e. Chinese language (Mandarin)
汉语 incl. one national script, Chinese characters or Hanzi
汉字 is one of the key factors of unity and harmony... each ethnic and subgroup may keep their own languages & dialects and writing scripts but nationwide they are able to communicate each other using the same language and writing system regardless their regions and background, which is crucial for a vast landmass as large as China. This language uniformity is a much coveted trait among other nations having the diversified population! Just look at how many racial problems faced by many nations in the world nowadays!!
I once read in the some research paper conducted by some institution in the USA for the CIA (unfortunately I lost the link & its content due to HDD crash few years ago), there the researchers admitted that this uniformity of language, esp. the writing system is the very foundation of the strong cohesion among the Chinese people that makes it very hard to break their unity unlike in other nations!!
It may sound easy to be tolerant but when one realizes that Han Chinese makes up over 90% of China's population then one should cherish and thumb up the wisdom of those great statesmen in China from Sun, Chiang, to Mao, Zhou, Deng and later generations to safeguard and nurture the minority ethnics there instead of simply swallowing them up altogether!
Sorry, I don't have the data that you requested, but here are some resource links to show the diversity:
56 Chinese Ethnic Groups
https://sites.google.com/site/chn56ethnicities/
Family Portraits of all 56 ethnic groups in China | ChinaHush
http://www.chinahush.com/2009/12/06/family-portraits-of-all-56-ethnic-groups-in-china/
