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Initially, you were talking about ' state sponsored oppression of minorities'. So, I asked you which minorities in which countries you were referring to, specifically, because what is/is not a minority varies greatly by country.
Now, you are talking about ' politicians demonizing and generalising certain ethnic and religious groups'. So, ' minorities' are ' certain ethnic and religious groups', without further specification of group size. Specifically, you mention only France and Muslim women. And you give as example the Burkini.
France has 7.5% Muslims, and they are ' not so much' a minority as they can be considered in e.g. many of France's neighbours (Spain 2.1%, Luxembourg 2.3%, Italy 3.7%, UK 4.4%, Belgium 5.4%, Switzerland 5.5%, and Germany 5.8%). Which has much to do with France's colonial past.
In 2008, the TeO ("Trajectories and origins") poll conducted jointly by INED and the French National Institute of Statistics estimated that, out of a total of about 67 million, some 5 million people (7.4%) were of Italian ancestry (the largest single immigrant community from a particular country), followed by 3 million to 6 million people of North African ancestry (4.4-8.9%), 2.5 million people of Sub-Saharan African origin (3.7%), and 200,000 people of Turkish ancestry (0.3%). There are over 500,000 ethnic Armenians in France (0.8%). There are also sizeable minorities of other European ethnic groups, namely Spanish, Portuguese, Polish, and Greek. So, in France, muslims are as much a minority as people from Italian ancestry are.
France remains a major destination for immigrants, accepting about 200,000 legal immigrants annually. In 2008, the INSEE estimated that the total number of foreign-born immigrants was around 5 million (8% of the population), while their French-born descendants numbered 6.5 million, or 11% of the population. Thus, nearly a fifth of the country's population (19%) were either first or second-generation immigrants, of which more than 5 million where of European origin and 4 million of Maghrebi (North-Western African) ancestry. This too reflects that immigrants and their descendents, whether of European or Maghrebi origin, are not at all small groups (although technically still minorities).
In 2004, the Institut Montaigne estimated that within Metropolitan France, 51 million people were White (85% of the population), 6 million were North African (10%), 2 million were Black (3.3%), and 1 million were Asian (1.7%). From the POV of racial lines, Blacks and Asians are more of a minority than Muslims or people from Italian descent.
In conclusion, France may not be the best example of 'minority oppression'
The burkini is worn, typically, by more progressive Muslim women, as the conservative ones either don't go to the beach or don't bath in the sea. So, that's not a good example either imho s it does not affect what I would think to be the majority of the minority in question (it doesn't affect the men, and it affects only the least conservative of women, which may well be a minority of Muslem women in France).
In my opinion, I don't think how if one minority group is a 'not so much' of a minority, it doesn't mean they're not a minority. Even if the total population of Muslims in France was 20%, they would still constitute a minority. Their demographics are irrelevant to other minority groups in this context as their population is being considered a minority to the majority group of the population, which as you mentioned, is 85%.
I chose France as an example as it is a major responsible global power, and a deeper, more considerate mature approach would have been expected as opposed to a smaller country like Austria. The appeasement ruling of the Burkini was a disappointing one, and the state should have tackled the issue with a level head, rather than placing the ban. This knee- jerk reaction would cause the public to assume that there is indeed something wrong with the Muslim population and would isolate the 7.5% of the French population even further. As a result, hate crime would become even more common to the average joe, forcing them to jostle together in "minority dominated areas", creating ghettos of the sort. Then they wouldn't be randomly attacked whenever they venture out of their homes.
I could have also used the U.K. as an example where there are political parties who openly and legally spew venom against their own countrymen and women. This hate speech has been widely known to result in violence. Nearly four million adult voters (12.5% of total voters) voted for the road- show called UKIP in 2015.
Watch Ukip candidates spouting vile anti-Islamic hate messages at a far-right rally
UK entering 'unchartered territory' of Islamophobia after Brexit vote
Abuse of Muslims is now mainstream. I never thought my children would see this
@Vergennes I don't agree with the decision that to appease some, the freedom of others had to be taken away. That shows weak governance of a weak system. A good system would stand up by the national values like ex New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg did when he faced not only the public wrath, but the media had a prolonged go at him as well, when he showed his support to the construction of the Islamic Community Center in New York. The approval of the center was unanimous in the New York City board. And Bloomberg's words should be remembered here in the "progressive" countries; "Muslims are as much a part of our city and country as any faith, and as welcome to worship in Lower Manhattan as any other group. We would betray our values -- and play into our enemies' hands -- if we were to treat Muslims different than anyone else."