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https://news.gallup.com/poll/287108/fewer-regard-china-favorably-leading-economy.aspx
MARCH 2, 2020
WASHINGTON, D.C. -- A new Gallup poll finds Americans' favorable rating of China has declined further in the past year, sinking to a record-tying low. For the first time in more than a decade, Americans regard the U.S. rather than China as the world's leading economic power. And with fewer Americans than in 2019 naming Russia as the United States' greatest enemy, Russia and China now tie for first on that list.
Americans Return to Viewing U.S. as Leading Economic Power
More Americans regard the U.S. (50%) rather than China (39%) as the world's leading economic power, with relatively few choosing the European Union (4%), Japan (4%), Russia (2%) or India (1%).
Throughout the past decade, Americans consistently named China as the leading economic power, including by roughly 20-point margins between 2011 and 2014.
As the U.S. economy continued its expansion in recent years, China still led, though by smaller margins. Now, with Americans' economic confidence the best it's been in two decades, they once again believe the U.S. is the leading economic power.
The only other time Gallup found the U.S. leading on this measure was in 2000 during the dot-com boom, the first time the question was asked. At that time, 65% of Americans said the U.S. was the leading economic power, with only 10% choosing China, putting it third behind the U.S. and Japan (16%).
Americans also name the U.S. over China, by 53% to 30%, when asked to predict which country will be the world's leading economic power 20 years from now. Since 2016, Americans have been at least marginally more likely to predict the U.S. would be the leading economy over China. In 2008, 2011 and 2012, more thought China would be than the U.S.
Americans Name Russia, China as Greatest U.S. Enemies
China typically has been among the more common answers Americans give when asked to name the United States' greatest enemy in the world. This year, China ties with Russia for first, as mentions of Russia have declined nine points to 23% while mentions of China are steady at 22%. Iran is a close third at 19%, after mentions of it more than doubled from 9% a year ago.
Between 10% and 23% of Americans have named China as the United States' No. 1 enemy since Gallup first asked the question in 2001. China was named more than any other country once, in 2014. That year, mentions of China were steady at 20%, but it ranked first because fewer Americans mentioned Iran after it agreed to an interim nuclear deal with the West in 2013.
In prior years, Americans have also considered Iraq, Iran, North Korea and Russia as their country's greatest enemy.
Partisans have very different views of the United States' greatest enemy. Democrats name Russia (43%) by a wide margin over any other country. Republicans are most likely to name China (31%) or Iran (30%). Independents split their vote among China (23%) and Russia (22%).
Republicans were also most likely to name China or Iran as the United States' top enemy in 2019, but more now choose each than did so a year ago (an 11-point increase on Iran and nine points on China).
There has been no meaningful change in the percentage of Democrats naming Russia as the United States' greatest enemy (46% in 2019 vs. 43% today). But fewer independents now name Russia than did so a year ago (down 12 points), and more name Iran (up 11 points).
Bottom Line
Americans' views of China have rarely been positive over the past four decades, but they have never held the country in lower regard than they do today. In just two years, the percentage of Americans rating China favorably has dropped by 20 points.
With the two nations embroiled in a major trade battle, among other issues, Americans likely will continue to view China unfavorably until tensions subside on some fronts. While many Americans may not see China as an imminent military threat to the U.S., some combination of its economic power, military strength and controversial policies compel about one in five U.S. adults to consider it their country's greatest enemy today, on par with Russia and Iran.
MARCH 2, 2020
WASHINGTON, D.C. -- A new Gallup poll finds Americans' favorable rating of China has declined further in the past year, sinking to a record-tying low. For the first time in more than a decade, Americans regard the U.S. rather than China as the world's leading economic power. And with fewer Americans than in 2019 naming Russia as the United States' greatest enemy, Russia and China now tie for first on that list.
Americans Return to Viewing U.S. as Leading Economic Power
More Americans regard the U.S. (50%) rather than China (39%) as the world's leading economic power, with relatively few choosing the European Union (4%), Japan (4%), Russia (2%) or India (1%).
Throughout the past decade, Americans consistently named China as the leading economic power, including by roughly 20-point margins between 2011 and 2014.
As the U.S. economy continued its expansion in recent years, China still led, though by smaller margins. Now, with Americans' economic confidence the best it's been in two decades, they once again believe the U.S. is the leading economic power.
The only other time Gallup found the U.S. leading on this measure was in 2000 during the dot-com boom, the first time the question was asked. At that time, 65% of Americans said the U.S. was the leading economic power, with only 10% choosing China, putting it third behind the U.S. and Japan (16%).
Americans also name the U.S. over China, by 53% to 30%, when asked to predict which country will be the world's leading economic power 20 years from now. Since 2016, Americans have been at least marginally more likely to predict the U.S. would be the leading economy over China. In 2008, 2011 and 2012, more thought China would be than the U.S.
Americans Name Russia, China as Greatest U.S. Enemies
China typically has been among the more common answers Americans give when asked to name the United States' greatest enemy in the world. This year, China ties with Russia for first, as mentions of Russia have declined nine points to 23% while mentions of China are steady at 22%. Iran is a close third at 19%, after mentions of it more than doubled from 9% a year ago.
Between 10% and 23% of Americans have named China as the United States' No. 1 enemy since Gallup first asked the question in 2001. China was named more than any other country once, in 2014. That year, mentions of China were steady at 20%, but it ranked first because fewer Americans mentioned Iran after it agreed to an interim nuclear deal with the West in 2013.
In prior years, Americans have also considered Iraq, Iran, North Korea and Russia as their country's greatest enemy.
Partisans have very different views of the United States' greatest enemy. Democrats name Russia (43%) by a wide margin over any other country. Republicans are most likely to name China (31%) or Iran (30%). Independents split their vote among China (23%) and Russia (22%).
Republicans were also most likely to name China or Iran as the United States' top enemy in 2019, but more now choose each than did so a year ago (an 11-point increase on Iran and nine points on China).
There has been no meaningful change in the percentage of Democrats naming Russia as the United States' greatest enemy (46% in 2019 vs. 43% today). But fewer independents now name Russia than did so a year ago (down 12 points), and more name Iran (up 11 points).
Bottom Line
Americans' views of China have rarely been positive over the past four decades, but they have never held the country in lower regard than they do today. In just two years, the percentage of Americans rating China favorably has dropped by 20 points.
With the two nations embroiled in a major trade battle, among other issues, Americans likely will continue to view China unfavorably until tensions subside on some fronts. While many Americans may not see China as an imminent military threat to the U.S., some combination of its economic power, military strength and controversial policies compel about one in five U.S. adults to consider it their country's greatest enemy today, on par with Russia and Iran.
