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China's trade surplus to fall this year, economic upturn to continue: central bank - People's Daily Online April 24

China's trade surplus this year will see a decline from the 2009 level despite a recovery in foreign trade, the People's Bank of China, the central bank, said here Friday.

An increase in orders would push up export growth to more than 20 percent in the second quarter, while import growth would also stay high due to surging domestic demand and rising import prices, said the bank in a report released on its website.

"Exports have returned to pre-crisis levels and imports have hit all-time highs after seasonal adjustments," it said.

The report said China still faced deteriorating trade conditions with rising trade protectionism and the unstable global economic recovery.

China's trade surplus stood at 196 billion U.S. dollars last year. March saw its first monthly trade deficit in six years, with exports at 112.11 billion U.S. dollars and imports surging 66 percent to 119.35 billion U.S. dollars.

The country's macro-economy would continue to improve after a better-than-expected 11.9 percent economic growth in the first quarter, said the report, adding, "The Chinese economy has had a good start this year.

"Companies are more willing to invest, while the people are showing stronger consumption demand," it said.

Investment structure had been improved in the first quarter, with private investment rising 30.4 percent year on year, exceeding the 21.1-percent growth of government or state-owned enterprise investment, said the bank.

China's retail sales surged 17.9 percent year on year in the first quarter, and fixed assets investment rose 25.6 percent, data from the National Bureau of Statistics showed.

The bank also noted that "credit controls have seen initial results", as new yuan-denominated loans fell to 2.6 trillion yuan in the first quarter, 1.98 trillion yuan less than the corresponding period last year.

The government has stated that the proactive fiscal policy and relatively easy monetary policy would continue this year, while repeatedly warning of assets bubbles, inflation risks and overheating industries.

Soaring commodity prices were one of the government's major concerns, as the consumer price index, the main gauge of inflation, rose 2.4 percent year on year in March, nearing the government's upper limit of 3 percent inflation this year.

The bank said it would continue to strengthen liquidity management and keep an "appropriate" growth of money supply, so as to maintain stable prices and strike a balance between maintaining economic growth, adjusting the economic development model and avoiding inflation risks.

Source: Xinhua
 
China's efforts to lift people out of poverty "unprecedented": Australian PM - People's Daily Online April 24

China's transformation and efforts to lift millions of people out of poverty are " unprecedented", Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd said on Friday.

Rudd said within 30 years, China has transformed itself into an increasingly global, wealthy, industrial and urban-centered economy and around 500 million people have been lifted out of poverty. "This is unprecedented."

"Nearly half of China's population now live in urban centers, including around 150 cities that number more than one million people." Rudd said, China now has more internet users and some 200 million bloggers. It has over 700 million mobile phone users. Over the past decade outbound Chinese tourist departures have grown five-fold to reach 47 million last year.

Rudd told audience at ANU later Friday in the 2010 Morrison Lecture "These figures tell of a nation in a period of great change...We have all been beneficiaries of China's remarkable performance."

He said after two decades of growth of around 10 percent per year, China is the world's largest exporter of manufactured goods, and the third largest exporter of all goods and services. It is also now the world's second-largest car market after the United States.

He also said China's economic performance gave drive to world economy. "This year, in the aftermath of the worst global economic downturn since the Great Depression, China continues to be the principal engine of global economic recovery - a fact highlighted by the International Monetary Fund in recent days."

In the speech, he announced the establishment of the Australian Center on China in the World based in the Australian National University which will enhance the ANU's existing capabilities to create an integrated, world-leading institution for Chinese Studies.

He said the Center will be a hub for national and international scholars. It will also be linked virtually with other university centers with related expertise both at home and abroad. "We must seek to enhance understanding of China at all levels of Australian society," Rudd said.


Source: Xinhua
 
Interview: Stable, high growth behind China's success in poverty reduction, World Bank expert says - People's Daily Online

A leading World Bank expert has attributed China's remarkable success in reducing poverty to its ability to maintain stable and high economy growth over the past decades.

"It is not just 'some' progress that china has made in poverty reduction," said Hans Timmer, director of the World Bank's Development Prospects Group (DPG), in an interview with Xinhua on Friday.

"In that area, China was the most successful of all developing countries."


Timmer spoke as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) released its Global Monitoring Report 2010: The MDGs after the Crisis, a publication that was prepared by DPG.

The MDGs (Millennium Development Goals) refers to a set of eight anti-poverty targets that world leaders have agreed to achieve by 2015.

China reduced its poverty rate from 60 percent in 1990 to 16 percent, as the absolute number of extremely poor fell from 683 million to 208 million, the report shows.

"Thanks to rapid economic growth, especially in China, East Asia has already halved extreme poverty," it says.

"And now we are expecting in 2015, the ultimate time goal for the MDGs, it (poverty rate) will only be 5 percent," Timmer said. "There is no other country that is so successful."

STABLE, HIGH GROWTH

Turning to the underlying factors, he said that a strong growth -- continued growth rates annually of almost 10 percent -- obviously played a leading role here.

"But it is not only strong growth, it is also the character of growth and stability of growth."

China has been very successful in transforming a mainly agricultural economy into an industrial economy, "using very logical steps moving forward -- developing first very labor intensive light industry which created very quickly a lot of jobs for the people coming out of the agricultural sector," he said.

"Increasingly, China is also being successful in stabilizing growth," he said.

Despite several periods of slow growth during the 1990s, China has improved its macro-economic stability over the past decade, and as a result, China has achieved "much stable growth," he said.

"So, it is basically the economic development with all its characteristics that have been responsible for this enormous success," Timmer noted.

NEED FOR CHANGE

China owed its fast growth to domestic productivity progress rather than to a strong demand outside the country, he said.

Actually, as demand outside China was not accelerating, China's fast-growing export was the result of domestic reforms which helped increase productivity year after year.

"As a result of that, that could increase their market share abroad," he said. "That is not something that is completely dependent on what was happening outside China."


Rather, "it is to a large extent dependent on the productivity progress inside China, and that still can continue for sometime," he said.

In spite of that, China needs further transformation of the economy if it wants to continue to grow at the same high growth rate.

"We have seen the transformation from agriculture into industry and what we have to see now, is a transformation from industry into the service sector," he said. "The current 5-year plan in China exactly tries to do that."

Although the shock of the crisis may have delayed that process, "I am convinced that relatively soon that the Chinese government will pick up again on achieving that transformation," he said.

NO EASY COPYING

Turning to the bigger question whether China's success story can provide valuable lessons for other developing countries, Timmer expressed belief that "the whole development world can learn from the Chinese experience."

But "it will not be possible to exactly replicate these developments in other countries," because every country has its own characteristics and backgrounds, he said.

The growth in China was the result of reforming the formerly centrally planned economy, a process that cannot be replicated in many other countries, he said.

Besides, China has a "very stable governance situation, which is not the environment of many other countries, he said.

In fact, World Bank Chief Economist Justin Lin has set up a new research program to see to what extent the structural transformation in China can be replicated in other countries, especially in African countries, Timmer said.

"It is not something that is very easy. But obviously we learn lessons from this experience."


Source: Xinhua
 
East China's Fujian opens high-speed railway linking to Shanghai - People's Daily Online
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Train crew take photos in front of a high-speed train at Fuzhou Railway Station April 26, 2010. A high-speed rail line linking Fuzhou and Xiamen in east China's Fujian Province went into operation Monday, as the part of Shenzhen-Shanghai high-speed railway. The railway, 275 km in length, is designed for trains traveling at a maximum speed of 250 km per hour. It will reduce the travel time between Fuzhou and Xiamen to around 90 minutes from the current 11 hours. (Xinhua/Jiang Kehong)

A high-speed rail line linking Fuzhou and Xiamen in east China's Fujian Province went into operation Monday, as part of the Shenzhen-Shanghai high-speed railway.

The railway, 275 km in length, is designed for trains traveling at a maximum speed of 250 km per hour. It will reduce the travel time between Fuzhou and Xiamen to around 90 minutes from the current 11 hours.

Three pairs of high speed passenger trains will run between Shanghai and Xiamen during the upcoming Shanghai World Expo to cope with an anticipated increase in passenger numbers.

Fujian, on the western side of the Taiwan Strait, is an important destination for Taiwan residents visiting the mainland. However, roads from Fujian to other provinces are often congested.

"The new line, together with another high-speed railway built last year to connect Fuzhou with Zhejiang Province's Wenzhou and Hangzhou, will help tackle the problem," said Zhang Jingui, an official with the railway construction office of Fujian Province.

Another three high-speed rail lines are under construction in Fujian, Guangdong and Zhejiang provinces to link cities, including Shenzhen, Xiamen, Hangzhou and Shanghai. "These railways, covering a total of 1,650 km, will constitute a transport network linking the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta," said Tong Yongzhao, an official with Nanchang Railway Bureau, which is responsible for the construction.

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Passengers from Quanzhou City enjoy themselves inside a high-speed train running from Fuzhou to Xiamen April 26, 2010.
 
^ Didn't Chinese automobile industry surpass the United States recently? Rudd says otherwise...
 
For 2009, China passed Italy to claim the ninth-highest rank for countries that receive the most patents in the United States.

Patents By Country, State, and Year - All Patent Types (December 2009)

Patents granted by the United States for the year 2009.

1. U.S. 95,037 patents
2. Japan 38,066
(Greater China 10,638)
3. Germany 10,353
4. South Korea 9,566
5. Taiwan 7,781
6. Canada 4,393
7. U.K. 4,011
8. France 3,805
9. China 2,270
10. Italy 1,837
...
India 720
Hong Kong 587 (Patent office counts Hong Kong as a separate entity)
Singapore 493
Russian Federation 204
Brazil 148

For 2009, Greater China's 10,638 combined total patents (i.e. China's 2,270 + Taiwan's 7,781 + Hong Kong's 587) are greater than Germany's 10,353 patents. Greater China would rank third on the U.S. patent list. The patent rankings are important because it helps to explain why China is the world's largest exporter and Germany is the world's second-largest exporter. Patents play an important role.

----------
[Note: These are my comments from last year on "Greater China outnumbers German patents."

There are 70,000 Taiwanese companies on the Chinese Mainland. It is my guess that many Chinese exports incorporate not only Chinese patents, but also Taiwanese patents. The Taiwanese were a perennial #4 in U.S. patents received until they were passed by South Korea in 2008.

While the current number of Chinese patents appears to be insufficient to support a large high-tech export base, the combination of Greater China (i.e. Chinese, Taiwanese, and Hong Kong) patents should suffice.

Greater China's 10,370 patents (i.e. China's 1,874 + Taiwan's 7,779 + Hong Kong's 717) are greater than the number of German patents at 10,086.

Taiwan (10/09)
"Significant migration to Taiwan from the Chinese mainland began as early as A.D. 500. ..... There are a number of small political parties, including the Taiwan .... in China, and more than 70000 Taiwan companies have operations there. .... In keeping with our one China policy, the U.S. does not support Taiwan ..."
 
Greater China's patents play an important role in China's high-tech exports.

For 2009, due to the Great Recession worldwide, China's top two high-tech exports for "Electrical machinery & equipment" and "Power generation equipment" dipped to $537.1 billion US dollars. However, if we add in the $38.9 billion from "Optics and medical equipment" then the overall high-tech exports for 2009 are $576.0 billion U.S. dollars. See "Table 5: China's Top Exports 2009 ($ billion)."

US-China Trade Statistics and China's World Trade Statistics
 
The 50 Most Innovative Companies - BusinessWeek

"The 50 Most Innovative Companies April 15, 2010, 5:00PM EST

The 50 Most Innovative Companies
For the first time since Bloomberg BusinessWeek began its annual Most Innovative Companies ranking in 2005, the majority of corporations in the Top 25 are based outside the U.S. The reason: the new global leaders coming out of Asia
...
The extended Top 50 list is dominated by companies from Europe, Asia, and, in another first, South America (Petrobrás (PBR) of Brazil at No. 41). China's rise is biggest. A year ago its only representative was PC-maker Lenovo Group (LNVGY), at 46. This year Greater China is tied with Asia's postwar powerhouse, Japan, thanks to showings by BYD, Haier Electronics (27), Lenovo (29), China Mobile (CHL) (44), and Taiwan-based HTC (47). The age of Asian innovation has begun."
 
The totally new design CRH380 display now in Shanghai expo. It will be used on the only offical high speed rail -- Shanghai-Beijing high speed rail next year. The highest speed of CRH380 will be 500 kilometer/hour. The average operating speed of Shanghai-Beijing will be at least 380 km/hour. But source said it will 420 km/hour. The issue for Railway Ministry now is the vehicle manufacturing speed fall far behind the demand.

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:china::pakistan:
 
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