Peer-reviewed paper sights the use of nano-thermite in WTC collapse

[pakdefender]

Active Thermitic Material Discovered in Dust from the 9/11 World Trade Center Catastrophe

pp.7-31 (25) Authors: Niels H. Harrit, Jeffrey Farrer, Steven E. Jones, Kevin R. Ryan, Frank M. Legge, Daniel Farnsworth, Gregg Roberts, James R. Gourley, Bradley R. Larsen
doi: 10.2174/1874412500902010007


Abstract
We have discovered distinctive red/gray chips in all the samples we have studied of the dust produced by the destruction of the World Trade Center. Examination of four of these samples, collected from separate sites, is reported in this paper. These red/gray chips show marked similarities in all four samples. One sample was collected by a Manhattan resident about ten minutes after the collapse of the second WTC Tower, two the next day, and a fourth about a week later. The properties of these chips were analyzed using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (XEDS), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The red material contains grains approximately 100 nm across which are largely iron oxide, while aluminum is contained in tiny plate-like structures. Separation of components using methyl ethyl ketone demonstrated that elemental aluminum is present. The iron oxide and aluminum are intimately mixed in the red material. When ignited in a DSC device the chips exhibit large but narrow exotherms occurring at approximately 430 °C, far below the normal ignition temperature for conventional thermite. Numerous iron-rich spheres are clearly observed in the residue following the ignition of these peculiar red/gray chips. The red portion of these chips is found to be an unreacted thermitic material and highly energetic.


Keywords: JScanning electron microscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, Differential scanning calorimetry, DSC analysis, World Trade Center, WTC dust, 9/11, Iron-rich microspheres, Thermite, Super-thermite, Energetic nanocomposites, Nano-thermite

Affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark.


Bentham Science Publishers

 

[Thomas]

Osama Bin Laden has already admitted to his role on the 9/11 attacks. So your conspiracy theories are moot. But for arguments sake this has been rebutted many times.

 

[gambit]

Osama Bin Laden has already admitted to his role on the 9/11 attacks. So your conspiracy theories are moot. But for arguments sake this has been rebutted many times.

No...no...no...The towers were bought down by orbiting energy weapons platforms...

911 twin towers destroyed by directed energy ..support Judy Woods lawsuit! Petition

 

[Thomas]

No...no...no...The towers were bought down by orbiting energy weapons platforms...

911 twin towers destroyed by directed energy ..support Judy Woods lawsuit! Petition

That's a highly classified project. No one is suppose to know about it.

 

[pakdefender]

A peer reviewed paper that is published in scietific journals has a lot more credibility than the shoody websites that post 'rebuttals' , the paper sights presence of Iron , Aluminium and other elements mixed with fixed ratios that are similar to nano-thermite ( which ratios do not occuer naturally ) , nano-thermite is the not the same as thermite so the lin posted above is not relavent to this study.

They studied the WTC dust under elctron microsopes and spectrometers , so if these findings can be contradicted scientifically in a peer reviewed paper , accepted in a reputable scitific journal only than can the papers findings be negated , others wise sorry any other 'rebuttal' lacks credibility.

Just because some Americans refuse to see the proof , doenst mean its not there

 

[Thomas]

A peer reviewed paper that is published in scietific journals has a lot more credibility than the shoody websites that post 'rebuttals' , the paper sights presence of Iron , Aluminium and other elements mixed with fixed ratios that are similar to nano-thermite ( which ratios do not occuer naturally ) , nano-thermite is the not the same as thermite so the lin posted above is not relavent to this study.

They studied the WTC dust under elctron microsopes and spectrometers , so if these findings can be contradicted scientifically in a peer reviewed paper , accepted in a reputable scitific journal only than can the papers findings be negated , others wise sorry any other 'rebuttal' lacks credibility.

Just because some Americans refuse to see the proof , doenst mean its not there

Lol, again Osama Bin Laden has admitted on more then one occasion that he was behind 9/11. The terrorists that committed it were not a figment of peoples imaginations. Are you saying that the U.S. is in cahoots with Osama?

 

[gambit]

A peer reviewed paper that is published in scietific journals has a lot more credibility than the shoody websites that post 'rebuttals' , the paper sights presence of Iron , Aluminium and other elements mixed with fixed ratios that are similar to nano-thermite ( which ratios do not occuer naturally ) , nano-thermite is the not the same as thermite so the lin posted above is not relavent to this study.

They studied the WTC dust under elctron microsopes and spectrometers , so if these findings can be contradicted scientifically in a peer reviewed paper , accepted in a reputable scitific journal only than can the papers findings be negated , others wise sorry any other 'rebuttal' lacks credibility.

Just because some Americans refuse to see the proof , doenst mean its not there

You need to look up the proper process of 'peer review'. Clearly you have no experience in that matter. That said...Not one reputable demolition company have stepped forward and agree with these loons. Are you saying that all of them, from the Americas to Europe to Asia, all part of the conspiracy? Not one reputable construction/engineering company stepped forward to side with these loons. Are you saying that the CIA/Mossad paid and/or threatened them all? The Petronas Towers are taller than the WTC towers. The Petronas Towers are in a muslim dominated country. Look it up for yourself. And yet not one muslim government with their oil wealth financed these loons to prove that muslims had nothing to do with 9/11. Are you saying that the CIA/Mossad/Bush trio are that powerful? Are you that bereft of logical thought process?

 

[pakdefender]

You need to look up the proper process of 'peer review'. Clearly you have no experience in that matter. That said...Not one reputable demolition company have stepped forward and agree with these loons. Are you saying that all of them, from the Americas to Europe to Asia, all part of the conspiracy? Not one reputable construction/engineering company stepped forward to side with these loons. Are you saying that the CIA/Mossad paid and/or threatened them all? The Petronas Towers are taller than the WTC towers. The Petronas Towers are in a muslim dominated country. Look it up for yourself. And yet not one muslim government with their oil wealth financed these loons to prove that muslims had nothing to do with 9/11. Are you saying that the CIA/Mossad/Bush trio are that powerful? Are you that bereft of logical thought process?

Did you read the paper ? Whats 'Petronas Towers' got to do with the samples of dust that were collected by YOUR country men ( US Citizens ) and the study that Univirsity of Copenhagen did ?

The paper apeared in Bentham Open , whish IS a peer reviwed journal

Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. Home Page

Dont try and tell me what the peer review process is , I've published papers in reputable journals like Elesvier I know very well what the peer review process is.

This paper is just about the unsual behaviour of the red/grery chips found in the WTC dust not about who did what and why , Sceince cant prove the sickeness of the mind be it American , Jewish , Indian of Pakistani so just look at paper as Scientific study.

Since I'm sure that niether you nor Thomas actauly read the paper here are the high lights.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

1. Provenance of the Samples Analyzed for this Report

In a paper presented first online in autumn 2006 regarding anomalies observed in the World Trade Center destrucdestruction [6], a general request was issued for samples of the WTC dust. The expectation at that time was that a careful examination of the dust might yield evidence to support the hypothesis that explosive materials other than jet fuel caused the extraordinarily rapid and essentially total destruction of the WTC buildings.

It was learned that a number of people had saved samples of the copious, dense dust, which spread and settled across Manhattan. Several of these people sent portions of their samples to members of this research group. This paper discusses four separate dust samples collected on or shortly after 9/11/2001. Each sample was found to contain red/gray chips. All four samples were originally collected by private citizens who lived in New York City at the time of the tragedy.


The existence of elemental aluminum and iron oxide leads to the obvious hypothesis that the material may contain thermite. However, before concluding that the red material found in the WTC dust is thermitic, further testing would be required. For example, how does the material behave when heated in a sensitive calorimeter? If the material does not react vigorously it may be argued that although ingredients of thermite are present, the material may not really be thermitic

2. Is the Red Material Thermitic in Nature?

Our observations show that the red material contains substantial amounts of aluminum, iron and oxygen, mixed together very finely. In the sample soaked in MEK, we observed a clear migration and aggregation of the aluminum away from other elements and determined that elemental aluminum and iron oxide must be present. In the product collected after DSC ignition, we found spheres which were not initially present. Many of these spheres were iron rich and elemental iron was found in the post-ignition debris. Further, the DSC traces demonstrate that the red/gray chips react vigorously at a temperature below the melting point of aluminum and below the ignition (oxidation) point of ultrafine grain (UFG) aluminum in air [18]. These observations reminded us of nano-thermite fabricated at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and elsewhere; available papers describe this material as an intimate mixture of UFG aluminum and iron oxide in nano-thermite composites to form pyrotechnics or explosives [19-21].


Commercially available thermite behaves as an incendiary when ignited [6], but when the ingredients are ultra-fine grain (UFG) and are intimately mixed, this “nano-thermite” reacts very rapidly, even explosively, and is sometimes referred to as “super-thermite” [20, 22].

 

[Twain]

A peer reviewed paper that is published in scietific journals has a lot more credibility than the shoody websites that post 'rebuttals' ,
Just because some Americans refuse to see the proof , doenst mean its not there

Bentham is not a peer reviewed academic journal. They will publish anything you are willing to pay to have published.


Open Access Publisher Accepts Nonsense Manuscript for Dollars The Scholarly Kitchen

 

[gambit]

Did you read the paper ? Whats 'Petronas Towers' got to do with the samples of dust that were collected by YOUR country men ( US Citizens ) and the study that Univirsity of Copenhagen did ?

The paper apeared in Bentham Open , whish IS a peer reviwed journal

Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. Home Page

Dont try and tell me what the peer review process is , I've published papers in reputable journals like Elesvier I know very well what the peer review process is.

I doubt that because if you did published and equally important that if you had read the 'paper' with a critical eye, this paragraph would have been a glaring red flag for anyone who actually published papers for peer review...

The earliest-collected sample came from Mr. Frank Delessio who, according to his videotaped testimony [17], was on the Manhattan side of the Brooklyn Bridge about the time the second tower, the North Tower, fell to the ground. He saw the tower fall and was enveloped by the resulting thick dust from rail on the pedestrian walkway near the end of the bridge, about ten minutes after the fall of the North Tower. He then went to visit his friend, Mr. Tom Breidenbach, carrying the dust in his hand, and the two of them discussed the dust and decided to save it in a plastic bag. On 11/15/2007, Breidenbach sent a portion of this dust to Dr. Jones for analysis. Breidenbach has also recorded his testimony about the collection of this dust sample on videotape [17]. Thus, the Delessrio/Breidenbach sample was collected about ten minutes after the second tower collapsed. It was, therefore, definitely not contaminated by the steel cutting or clean-up operations at Ground Zero, which began later. Furthermore, it is not mixed with dust from WTC 7, which fell hours later.

So the 9/11 loons took the man's word that the dust was collected pretty much immediately after the collapse and that he kept it secured for SEVERAL YEARS? Any lab technician, let alone a competent forensic scientist, would have dismissed this 'sample' as suspect. What guarantees are there that the dust have not been contaminated with anything else outside of Ground Zero? None.

Give me a break...

 

[pakdefender]

Bentham is not a peer reviewed academic journal. They will publish anything you are willing to pay to have published.


Open Access Publisher Accepts Nonsense Manuscript for Dollars The Scholarly Kitchen

Open Access Journals are by no means a top tier journal but non the less they cant be written of because of one incedent.

This is what your own link says

From this one case, we cannot conclude that Bentham Science journals practice no peer review, only that it is inconsistently applied. Earlier this year, I reported on a case in which a nonsensical article submitted to another Bentham Science journal was rejected after going through peer review [1]

 

[pakdefender]

I doubt that because if you did published and equally important that if you had read the 'paper' with a critical eye, this paragraph would have been a glaring red flag for anyone who actually published papers for peer review...

So the 9/11 loons took the man's word that the dust was collected pretty much immediately after the collapse and that he kept it secured for SEVERAL YEARS? Any lab technician, let alone a competent forensic scientist, would have dismissed this 'sample' as suspect. What guarantees are there that the dust have not been contaminated with anything else outside of Ground Zero? None.

Give me a break...

People kept pieces of the Berlin Wall many years after it fell , so what stops them from keeping the dust/debris of the WTC towers ?

 

[gambit]

People kept pieces of the Berlin Wall many years after it fell , so what stops them from keeping the dust/debris of the WTC towers ?

You have got to be kidding, right? Is the issue about keeping souvenirs? No. The issue is about something that is supposedly incendiary about the substance that could result in a criminal investigation in the murder of several thousand people. Who in the world would perform forensic analysis on pieces of the Berlin wall? For what? On the source manufacturer of the concrete? Anything that could be convict someone of a crime should be kept separate and secured from access. This man claimed to keep the dust in a plastic bag. Then where else and who has access to this dust? We do not know, do we? I could be cynical and said that since 2001, he learned about the controversy and decide to gain some attention to himself and contaminate the dust with crap just to keep the controversy alive.

 

[gambit]

Did you read the paper ?

<snipped>

In the sample soaked in MEK, we observed a clear migration and aggregation of the aluminum away from other elements and determined that elemental aluminum and iron oxide

What...??? Iron oxide...??? These loons did spent all that money and killed a few trees (how uncool) just to say they found...

RUST ???



I am shocked...!!! Shocked...I say...!!! Where did the rust came from? It is unheard of that aluminum and rust...er...I mean 'iron oxide' can exist in a building. I mean...Who in their right mind would construct buildings with aluminum and iron...!!!

 

[pakdefender]

You have got to be kidding, right? Is the issue about keeping souvenirs? No. The issue is about something that is supposedly incendiary about the substance that could result in a criminal investigation in the murder of several thousand people. Who in the world would perform forensic analysis on pieces of the Berlin wall? For what? On the source manufacturer of the concrete? Anything that could be convict someone of a crime should be kept separate and secured from access. This man claimed to keep the dust in a plastic bag. Then where else and who has access to this dust? We do not know, do we? I could be cynical and said that since 2001, he learned about the controversy and decide to gain some attention to himself and contaminate the dust with crap just to keep the controversy alive.

People who kept the debris/dust could have kept it as a sad memory sort of like keeping the ashes or any number of other reason. That they had dust/debris many years after the incident is not unsual.

They certainly didnt know that the material they had in their posession was incendinary or explosive in any way , they proably kept it like I said sort of like keeping the ashes.

Its the researchers at Copenhagen University that found out the true nature of the materail , that it was infact a precise mix of materials required to causue it to ignite explosivley. Thats what led to conclude that this material is explosive in nature

By the way IronOxide ( rust ) doesnt ignite explosively , this material did , so read the whole the thing and dont hang to parts that you understand ( leaving out the ones that you dont )