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What are the most lactose tolerant areas of the world (Arabia, Europe and Pakistan leading)


A 2 page article from 1971 that does not show any statistics concerning KSA, lol?

You do realize that lactose intolerance is almost non-existent in Arabia as per all statistics (including the one used in this thread) and that dairy-based foods have been a stable in Arabia since time immortal and that many of the animals that produce dairy products were first domesticated in Arabia? That KSA has the largest dairy farms and firms in the region? That tons of stable Arabian/Arab foods contain dairy products?


Dear lord.

Here is a scientific report from 2014 from the University of Zürich.



Lactose Tolerance Had Spread To Central Europe Even 1,000 Years Ago

By News Staff | January 24th 2014 08:04 AM | Print | E-mail



Western humans are rare in that we drink milk after weaning. Milk is the staple food for infants and contains the sugar lactose but most mammals lose the ability to digest lactose, and thus milk, as they get older.

The ability to digest the sugar is governed by the production of the enzyme lactase in the small intestine. As children get older, the lactase gene is gradually disabled, which means that no lactase is formed and the lactose enters the colon undigested, where it is typically converted into acids and hydrogen gas and, in many people, causes the painful symptoms of lactose intolerance.

Five populations in Europe, Saudi Arabia and East Africa have developed genetic mutations independently that allow them to produce lactase throughout their entire lives, a condition known as lactase persistence. And that mutation had spread farther and earlier than commonly believed.


By the Middle Ages, Central Europeans were already capable of digesting milk, yogurt and cheese as well as most Europeans and Americans today. Researchers at the University of Zurich's Centre for Evolutionary Medicine have discovered that the population of the medieval town of Dalheim had a similar genetic predisposition for milk digestion to present-day Germans and Austrians.

aGpmbFmJm6w7cnPa.jpg


Analyzing DNA from 1,000-year-old human teeth for genetic adaptations to milk consumption. Credit: Christina Warinner, UZH

Dairy has long been a central feature of European cuisine and cultural identity, and today most of the European population is lactase persistent, which means they can digest milk in adulthood. But earlier studies on DNA samples taken from European farmers of 5,000 BC revealed a low lactase persistence rate.

Lactase persistence was found among farmers in Spain during the Late Neolithic - at around 3,000 BC, 27 percent were lactase persistence - and Scandinavian hunter-gatherers had 5 percent with lactase persistence.

Somewhere between then and now the persistence we still have today occurred.

The latest study from the University of Zurich reveals a 72-percent lactase persistence rate among the population of the medieval town of Dalheim in Germany between 950 and 1,200 AD, which indicates that lactase persistence had already reached modern Central European levels (71 – 80 percent) around 1000 years ago.

These results contradict the previous research conducted on human remains from medieval Hungary, which exhibited a lactase persistence rate of 35 percent compared to 61 percent in the country today. The new study suggests that the evolution of lactase persistence did not follow a single pattern throughout Europe and that genetic lactase persistence may have been common in Central Europe earlier than in Eastern Europe.

"Undoubtedly, a number of factors played a role in the prevalence in different regions, such as different food and migration patterns," explains Christina Warinner, the senior researcher of the study. "Our research reveals that lactase persistence already developed during the Middle Ages in Central Europe but this was clearly not the case everywhere on the continent."


Majority of the global population lactose-intolerant


Nowadays, lactase persistence is so prevalent among Europeans and European-descendent populations in America and Australian that, until very recently, lactose intolerance was considered an abnormality, deficiency or disease.

It was only when dairy products were promoted in national and international food campaigns in the mid-20th century that it became apparent that the majority of the global population is lactose-intolerant. Subsequent research has revealed that lactase persistence is actually the abnormal condition, resulting from the recent evolution of specific genetic mutations in certain populations.

Source: University of Zurich

http://www.science20.com/news_artic...ead_central_europe_even_1000_years_ago-128365

Dear lord, once gain.

Lactose tolerance was first developed in the Arab world where farming and domestication of animals were first invented. Arabia played a key role in this process.
 
. . .
A 2 page article from 1971 that does not show any statistics concerning KSA, lol?

You do realize that lactose intolerance is almost non-existent in Arabia as per all statistics (including the one used in this thread) and that dairy-based foods have been a stable in Arabia since time immortal and that many of the animals that produce dairy products were first domesticated in Arabia? That KSA has the largest dairy farms and firms in the region? That tons of stable Arabian/Arab foods contain dairy products?


Dear lord.

Here is a scientific report from 2014 from the University of Zürich.



Lactose Tolerance Had Spread To Central Europe Even 1,000 Years Ago

By News Staff | January 24th 2014 08:04 AM | Print | E-mail



Western humans are rare in that we drink milk after weaning. Milk is the staple food for infants and contains the sugar lactose but most mammals lose the ability to digest lactose, and thus milk, as they get older.

The ability to digest the sugar is governed by the production of the enzyme lactase in the small intestine. As children get older, the lactase gene is gradually disabled, which means that no lactase is formed and the lactose enters the colon undigested, where it is typically converted into acids and hydrogen gas and, in many people, causes the painful symptoms of lactose intolerance.

Five populations in Europe, Saudi Arabia and East Africa have developed genetic mutations independently that allow them to produce lactase throughout their entire lives, a condition known as lactase persistence. And that mutation had spread farther and earlier than commonly believed.


By the Middle Ages, Central Europeans were already capable of digesting milk, yogurt and cheese as well as most Europeans and Americans today. Researchers at the University of Zurich's Centre for Evolutionary Medicine have discovered that the population of the medieval town of Dalheim had a similar genetic predisposition for milk digestion to present-day Germans and Austrians.

aGpmbFmJm6w7cnPa.jpg


Analyzing DNA from 1,000-year-old human teeth for genetic adaptations to milk consumption. Credit: Christina Warinner, UZH

Dairy has long been a central feature of European cuisine and cultural identity, and today most of the European population is lactase persistent, which means they can digest milk in adulthood. But earlier studies on DNA samples taken from European farmers of 5,000 BC revealed a low lactase persistence rate.

Lactase persistence was found among farmers in Spain during the Late Neolithic - at around 3,000 BC, 27 percent were lactase persistence - and Scandinavian hunter-gatherers had 5 percent with lactase persistence.

Somewhere between then and now the persistence we still have today occurred.

The latest study from the University of Zurich reveals a 72-percent lactase persistence rate among the population of the medieval town of Dalheim in Germany between 950 and 1,200 AD, which indicates that lactase persistence had already reached modern Central European levels (71 – 80 percent) around 1000 years ago.

These results contradict the previous research conducted on human remains from medieval Hungary, which exhibited a lactase persistence rate of 35 percent compared to 61 percent in the country today. The new study suggests that the evolution of lactase persistence did not follow a single pattern throughout Europe and that genetic lactase persistence may have been common in Central Europe earlier than in Eastern Europe.

"Undoubtedly, a number of factors played a role in the prevalence in different regions, such as different food and migration patterns," explains Christina Warinner, the senior researcher of the study. "Our research reveals that lactase persistence already developed during the Middle Ages in Central Europe but this was clearly not the case everywhere on the continent."


Majority of the global population lactose-intolerant


Nowadays, lactase persistence is so prevalent among Europeans and European-descendent populations in America and Australian that, until very recently, lactose intolerance was considered an abnormality, deficiency or disease.

It was only when dairy products were promoted in national and international food campaigns in the mid-20th century that it became apparent that the majority of the global population is lactose-intolerant. Subsequent research has revealed that lactase persistence is actually the abnormal condition, resulting from the recent evolution of specific genetic mutations in certain populations.

Source: University of Zurich

http://www.science20.com/news_artic...ead_central_europe_even_1000_years_ago-128365

Dear lord, once gain.

Lactose tolerance was first developed in the Arab world where farming and domestication of animals were first invented. Arabia played a key role in this process.

Thanks for linking this report. Please read it again carefully. It is clearly distinguishing between modern day Saudis (like yourself) and some specific groups of people living 1000 years ago in what is today called Saudi Arabia. As you know, Saudi Arabia as a nation and state is rather a modern phenomena. Besides, the Saudi population is now genetically closer to Black Africa due to migration, hence, modern day Saudis have major problems to digest dairy products.

Also, read this:

AS Dissanayake, HA El-Munshid, A Al-Quorain, H Al-Breiki, HY Al-Idrissi, Prevalence of Primary Adult Lactose Malabsorption in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. 1990; 10(6): 598-601
http://www.annsaudimed.net/index.php/vol10/vol10iss6/1888.html
 
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Thanks for linking this report. Please read it again carefully. It is clearly distinguishing between modern day Saudis (like yourself) and some specific groups of people living 1000 years ago in what is today called Saudi Arabia. As you know, Saudi Arabia as a nation and state is rather a modern phenomena. Besides, the Saudi population is now genetically closer to Black Africa due to migration, hence, modern day Saudis have major problems to digest dairy products.

Also, read this:

AS Dissanayake, HA El-Munshid, A Al-Quorain, H Al-Breiki, HY Al-Idrissi, Prevalence of Primary Adult Lactose Malabsorption in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. 1990; 10(6): 598-601
http://www.annsaudimed.net/index.php/vol10/vol10iss6/1888.html

LOL.

You are a great troll my Kurdish friend.

There was no Saudi Arabia before (just like there was no Turkey 105 years ago). The scientific report from 2014 talks about modern-day populations. Try again.

Modern-day Saudi Arabians are one of the most genetically continuous populations on the planet which is why modern-day Saudi Arabians cluster the most with the earliest Neolithic peoples of the Arab world/Middle East such as mummies from the Natufian culture (first Neolithic culture in the world).


DNA results from 2016:

https://plot.ly/~PortalAntropologiczny9cfa/1.embed?share_key=za9Lb3y1UX6nJRG9v4EXOL

Here is the entire report:

http://biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/06/16/059311.full.pdf

Some unique DNA tests where Saudi Arabians score 100% West Asia (never seen anything alike from any other people)



Modern-day Saudi Arabians do not cluster with any Africans other than Arabs in Northern Africa. The only African populations in KSA are Afro-Arabs which make up 10% of the population and they have nothing to do with ethnic Arabs.

You are being owned once again, I am deeply sorry, my Kurdish friend.



Download full-text PDF

Lactase Persistence Variants in Arabia and in the African Arabs
Article (PDF Available)  in Human Biology 86(1):7-18 · February 2014 with 136 Reads
DOI: 10.3378/027.086.0101 · Source: PubMed

Lactase persistence (LP), the state enabling the digestion of milk sugar in adulthood, occurs only in some human populations. The convergent and independent origin of this physiological ability in Europe and Africa is linked with animal domestication that either had started in both places independently or had spread from the Near East by acculturation. However, it has recently been shown that at least in its southern parts, the population of Arabia not only has a diffferent LP-associated mutation profile than the rest of Africa and Europe but also had experienced an independent demographic expansion occurring before the Neolithic around the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary. In Arabia, LP is associated with mutation -13,915*G and not, as in Europe, with -13,910*T or, as in Africa, with -13,907*G and -14,010*C. We show here that, in Arabia, -13,915*G frequency conforms to a partial clinal pattern and that this specific mutation has likely been spread from Arabia to Africa only recently from the sixth century AD onward by nomadic Arabs (Bedouins) looking for new pastures. Arabic populations in Africa that still maintain a nomadic way of life also have more -13,915*G variants and fewer sub-Saharan L-type mitochondrial DNA haplogroups; this observation matches archaeological and historical records suggesting that the migration of Arabic pastoralists was accompanied by gradual sedentarization that allowed for admixture with the local African population.

(PDF) Lactase Persistence Variants in Arabia and in the African Arabs. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/public...e_Variants_in_Arabia_and_in_the_African_Arabs [accessed Jul 11 2018].

Indigenous Arabs are descendants of the earliest split from ancient Eurasian populations

https://genome.cshlp.org/content/early/2016/01/11/gr.191478.115.full.pdf

Arabs, including Arabians cluster most closely with Southern Europeans and other Middle Easterners. Africans are lightyears away.




The African admixture in modern-day Saudi Arabians was found to be 7% which is lover than the official number of Afro-Arabs which is 10%.
Lover than all Arabs (modern-day) other than Arab Lebanese Christians, Arab Lebanese Muslims and Arab Syrians (who have 6% African admixture).


http://anthromadness.blogspot.com/2016/01/african-ancestry-in-west-asian-north.html

However be my guest and continue to embarrass yourself.

@BATMAN @El Sidd @SALMAN F etc.
 
.
LOL.

You are a great troll my Kurdish friend.

There was no Saudi Arabia before (just like there was no Turkey 105 years ago). The scientific report from 2014 talks about modern-day populations. Try again.

Modern-day Saudi Arabians are one of the most genetically continuous populations on the planet which is why modern-day Saudi Arabians cluster the most with the earliest Neolithic peoples of the Arab world/Middle East such as mummies from the Natufian culture (first Neolithic culture in the world).


DNA results from 2016:

https://plot.ly/~PortalAntropologiczny9cfa/1.embed?share_key=za9Lb3y1UX6nJRG9v4EXOL

Here is the entire report:

http://biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/06/16/059311.full.pdf

Some unique DNA tests where Saudi Arabians score 100% West Asia (never seen anything alike from any other people)



Modern-day Saudi Arabians do not cluster with any Africans other than Arabs in Northern Africa. The only African populations in KSA are Afro-Arabs which make up 10% of the population and they have nothing to do with ethnic Arabs.

You are being owned once again, I am deeply sorry, my Kurdish friend.



Download full-text PDF

Lactase Persistence Variants in Arabia and in the African Arabs
Article (PDF Available)  in Human Biology 86(1):7-18 · February 2014 with 136 Reads
DOI: 10.3378/027.086.0101 · Source: PubMed

Lactase persistence (LP), the state enabling the digestion of milk sugar in adulthood, occurs only in some human populations. The convergent and independent origin of this physiological ability in Europe and Africa is linked with animal domestication that either had started in both places independently or had spread from the Near East by acculturation. However, it has recently been shown that at least in its southern parts, the population of Arabia not only has a diffferent LP-associated mutation profile than the rest of Africa and Europe but also had experienced an independent demographic expansion occurring before the Neolithic around the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary. In Arabia, LP is associated with mutation -13,915*G and not, as in Europe, with -13,910*T or, as in Africa, with -13,907*G and -14,010*C. We show here that, in Arabia, -13,915*G frequency conforms to a partial clinal pattern and that this specific mutation has likely been spread from Arabia to Africa only recently from the sixth century AD onward by nomadic Arabs (Bedouins) looking for new pastures. Arabic populations in Africa that still maintain a nomadic way of life also have more -13,915*G variants and fewer sub-Saharan L-type mitochondrial DNA haplogroups; this observation matches archaeological and historical records suggesting that the migration of Arabic pastoralists was accompanied by gradual sedentarization that allowed for admixture with the local African population.

(PDF) Lactase Persistence Variants in Arabia and in the African Arabs. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/public...e_Variants_in_Arabia_and_in_the_African_Arabs [accessed Jul 11 2018].

Indigenous Arabs are descendants of the earliest split from ancient Eurasian populations

https://genome.cshlp.org/content/early/2016/01/11/gr.191478.115.full.pdf

Arabs, including Arabians cluster most closely with Southern Europeans and other Middle Easterners. Africans are lightyears away.




The African admixture in modern-day Saudi Arabians was found to be 7% which is lover than the official number of Afro-Arabs which is 10%.
Lover than all Arabs (modern-day) other than Arab Lebanese Christians, Arab Lebanese Muslims and Arab Syrians (who have 6% African admixture).


http://anthromadness.blogspot.com/2016/01/african-ancestry-in-west-asian-north.html

However be my guest and continue to embarrass yourself.

@BATMAN @El Sidd @SALMAN F etc.

Why cant you agree he is fair in complexion?

If India can be a super power. You can be african too.

I cant help with neandethal philosophy. Its too much for my tiny brown brain.
 
.
LOL.

You are a great troll my Kurdish friend.

There was no Saudi Arabia before (just like there was no Turkey 105 years ago). The scientific report from 2014 talks about modern-day populations. Try again.

Modern-day Saudi Arabians are one of the most genetically continuous populations on the planet which is why modern-day Saudi Arabians cluster the most with the earliest Neolithic peoples of the Arab world/Middle East such as mummies from the Natufian culture (first Neolithic culture in the world).


DNA results from 2016:

https://plot.ly/~PortalAntropologiczny9cfa/1.embed?share_key=za9Lb3y1UX6nJRG9v4EXOL

Here is the entire report:

http://biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2016/06/16/059311.full.pdf

Some unique DNA tests where Saudi Arabians score 100% West Asia (never seen anything alike from any other people)



Modern-day Saudi Arabians do not cluster with any Africans other than Arabs in Northern Africa. The only African populations in KSA are Afro-Arabs which make up 10% of the population and they have nothing to do with ethnic Arabs.

You are being owned once again, I am deeply sorry, my Kurdish friend.



Download full-text PDF

Lactase Persistence Variants in Arabia and in the African Arabs
Article (PDF Available)  in Human Biology 86(1):7-18 · February 2014 with 136 Reads
DOI: 10.3378/027.086.0101 · Source: PubMed

Lactase persistence (LP), the state enabling the digestion of milk sugar in adulthood, occurs only in some human populations. The convergent and independent origin of this physiological ability in Europe and Africa is linked with animal domestication that either had started in both places independently or had spread from the Near East by acculturation. However, it has recently been shown that at least in its southern parts, the population of Arabia not only has a diffferent LP-associated mutation profile than the rest of Africa and Europe but also had experienced an independent demographic expansion occurring before the Neolithic around the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary. In Arabia, LP is associated with mutation -13,915*G and not, as in Europe, with -13,910*T or, as in Africa, with -13,907*G and -14,010*C. We show here that, in Arabia, -13,915*G frequency conforms to a partial clinal pattern and that this specific mutation has likely been spread from Arabia to Africa only recently from the sixth century AD onward by nomadic Arabs (Bedouins) looking for new pastures. Arabic populations in Africa that still maintain a nomadic way of life also have more -13,915*G variants and fewer sub-Saharan L-type mitochondrial DNA haplogroups; this observation matches archaeological and historical records suggesting that the migration of Arabic pastoralists was accompanied by gradual sedentarization that allowed for admixture with the local African population.

(PDF) Lactase Persistence Variants in Arabia and in the African Arabs. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/public...e_Variants_in_Arabia_and_in_the_African_Arabs [accessed Jul 11 2018].

Indigenous Arabs are descendants of the earliest split from ancient Eurasian populations

https://genome.cshlp.org/content/early/2016/01/11/gr.191478.115.full.pdf

Arabs, including Arabians cluster most closely with Southern Europeans and other Middle Easterners. Africans are lightyears away.




The African admixture in modern-day Saudi Arabians was found to be 7% which is lover than the official number of Afro-Arabs which is 10%.
Lover than all Arabs (modern-day) other than Arab Lebanese Christians, Arab Lebanese Muslims and Arab Syrians (who have 6% African admixture).


http://anthromadness.blogspot.com/2016/01/african-ancestry-in-west-asian-north.html

However be my guest and continue to embarrass yourself.

@BATMAN @El Sidd @SALMAN F etc.

In contrast, in African tribes that herd cattle in Sudan, Kenya, and Tanzania), lactase persistence is mediated by the −14010*G, −13915*G or −13907*C polymorphism,3,7 and in Saudi Arabia by the −13915*G polymorphism.8 Thus, lactase persistence developed several times independently in human evolution in different areas of the world (for review, see Ingram et al.3).
10.1177_2050640613484463-fig1.jpg


https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4040760/

Tusbih ala khayr. :P
 
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I am not entirely sure that low consumption of dairy in East Asia and China in particular is due to lactose intolerance. I think it is more to do with the fact that we historically have been agricultural dominated economies and more productive in producing grains. Because of the limited supply, dairy has never become as core part of food in the eastern civilization. By thr way, we are vegetable eaters and cannot live without it (the purpose of building a space station is for nothing but to grow space vegetables :))

I remember reading a blog entry by a Chinese student who studied and lived in Damascus for a number of years. He specifically mentioned that he was amazed by the plenty and inexpensiveness of milk, yogurt and other dairy food. I can feel the profound memories he had from his writing.

Over the last 3 decades understandably there has been increasing demand for dairy product in China.

What did Chinese drink of alcohol traditionally? Beer (originates in Iraq) mostly?
Chinese traditionally drank spirits, which is mostly sorghum based. Your brother is right that drinking wine is relatively new thing in modern era but it is not entirely true from a historical perspective. There are many poems in the Chinese historic literature about wine in the medieval era. The most famous ones were from Tang Dynasty. The wine was likely brewed by foreign brewers in Chang’an city (many of them could be Arabians) and it was considered as fashionable and particularly popular among scholar(upper) class.
 
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Must avoid Milk with injections, dairy products, ask for more careful ingredient controls in what we eat.
 
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