Perceptron
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On Busting A Few Pakistani Myths
Sociologist and historian Ayesha Jalal niece of writer Sadat Hasan Manto talks about Pakistan and its people today.
Parul Abrol
Jaipur
What does it mean to be a Pakistani today?
First of all, it means answering a lot of questions. Pakistan is a country that is hard even in the best of times, and times have not been good in Pakistan for a long time. But the tragedy of Pakistan is that Pakistanis have not been able to represent themselves. I attribute a large part of that to evasion of history. The absence of that learning, about the past in its multiple interpretation and learn from it, was replaced with ideology. So being a Pakistani of a certain ilk also means constantly trying to talk about something that is not upheld by all Pakistanis.
Who do you think has failed Pakistan the government or the people?
Theres a structural problem in Pakistan. In the early decades, because of the military coups in Pakistan, it was difficult for people to restore balance between the elected and nonelected institutions. Parliament has been marginal. Unlike the Indian judiciary, the Pakistan judiciary has been subservient. In that context, youve got to accept that the state has failed. The governments that have ruled Pakistan have not found it easy to negotiate that balance because the army is dominant. The people have failed in so far as they have not assumed responsibility. I think if you really have to apportion the responsibility, you have to lay it on the ruling elite. I mean only two per cent pay taxes. The poor have been denied basic amenities. Pakistanis who have money are having a great time theres a lot for them.
Why do you think the current generation is getting more radical?
The radicalism we see is not coming from madrassas as we assume; it is coming from the government-run schools. The public education system is problematic. It is a misconception that its coming from the madrassas.
Do people in Pakistan question the Partition or is it blasphemous?
People are more willing to discuss it now. I think people have started to question far more also because of the Indian economic boom. That has led people to question if hostility to India is worth it. I am not saying anybody wants to reverse Partition but they do want to understand why these two countries remain hostile. I think that is a positive new dimension.
Sociologist and historian Ayesha Jalal niece of writer Sadat Hasan Manto talks about Pakistan and its people today.
Parul Abrol
Jaipur
What does it mean to be a Pakistani today?
First of all, it means answering a lot of questions. Pakistan is a country that is hard even in the best of times, and times have not been good in Pakistan for a long time. But the tragedy of Pakistan is that Pakistanis have not been able to represent themselves. I attribute a large part of that to evasion of history. The absence of that learning, about the past in its multiple interpretation and learn from it, was replaced with ideology. So being a Pakistani of a certain ilk also means constantly trying to talk about something that is not upheld by all Pakistanis.
Who do you think has failed Pakistan the government or the people?
Theres a structural problem in Pakistan. In the early decades, because of the military coups in Pakistan, it was difficult for people to restore balance between the elected and nonelected institutions. Parliament has been marginal. Unlike the Indian judiciary, the Pakistan judiciary has been subservient. In that context, youve got to accept that the state has failed. The governments that have ruled Pakistan have not found it easy to negotiate that balance because the army is dominant. The people have failed in so far as they have not assumed responsibility. I think if you really have to apportion the responsibility, you have to lay it on the ruling elite. I mean only two per cent pay taxes. The poor have been denied basic amenities. Pakistanis who have money are having a great time theres a lot for them.
Why do you think the current generation is getting more radical?
The radicalism we see is not coming from madrassas as we assume; it is coming from the government-run schools. The public education system is problematic. It is a misconception that its coming from the madrassas.
Do people in Pakistan question the Partition or is it blasphemous?
People are more willing to discuss it now. I think people have started to question far more also because of the Indian economic boom. That has led people to question if hostility to India is worth it. I am not saying anybody wants to reverse Partition but they do want to understand why these two countries remain hostile. I think that is a positive new dimension.