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India is worse than Pak on gender equality
Has Far Higher Deaths During Birth: UNDP
Aradhana Sharma | TNN
New Delhi: Believe it or not, when it comes to gender equality, India fares worse than Pakistan. In fact, the country ranks lower than all other countries in South Asia, save Afghanistan. These are the findings of the 2010 Human Development Report released by the United Nations Development Programme on Thursday as per its Gender Inequality Index.
So while Pakistan might have become a hotbed for international womens activism, it certainly seems to know how to take care of its mothers. On maternal mortality, India with its abysmal record trails Pakistan.
Reproductive health is the largest contributor to the inequality index, followed by other indicators such as womens participation in the labour force, level of empowerment based on educational attainment and parliamentary representation.
On maternal mortality, the figure for Pakistan is 320 deaths per 100,000 live births. In India, the figure stands at 450. The country also falters on adolescent fertility rate births among women aged 15-19. The adolescent fertility rate in India is 68 births per 1,000 live births as compared to 45 births per 1,000 live births in Pakistan.
No Country For Mothers
Maternal mortality in India is 450 deaths per 100,000 live births; the figure for Pakistan is 320
On adolescent fertility, India shows 69 births per 1,000 women aged 15-19; Pakistan fares better at 45
Lone silver lining is on womens participation in the labour force, which is 36% for India, while in Pak it is 23%
Even on parliamentary participation, India fares worse than Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, even Rwanda
Overall, India ranks 122, Pak 116, Bangladesh 112
Womens nos up in labour force
New Delhi: The 2010 Human Development Report has bad tidings for India. Faced with poor performance on the health front, India ranks 122 among 138 countries on gender inequality. Pakistan is at 116, and Bangladesh is a notch higher at 112.
Where India might take some pride is in womens participation in the labour force the figure being 36% for the nation as opposed to 23% for Pakistan.
But that relief is shortlived. Another area where the worlds largest democracy falters is parliamentary participation. India, the reports states, stands out as an exception where 30% local government seats are reserved for women, but participation at this level has not been incorporated in the report. If India wants to fare better on this front, then Congress President Sonia Gandhi will have to keep her promise of ensuring reservation for women in Parliament and the legislative assemblies.
After all, most countries where women have found more places in Parliament are those where affirmative action has been put in place, such as Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, even Rwanda.
What is disconcerting is that the indicators are not moving, despite the government being well aware of the problems and even after adopting corrective measures as in the case of maternal mortality and improving *** ratios.
On the education front, at secondary and higher level, too, India needs to move fast to remove the disparity. While 50% men are covered at this level, for women, this figure stands at a mere 27%. The measured indicators are not the only concern. Involvement and efforts of women in a number of areas go unaccounted due to lack of data. The inclusion of such factors can make the picture even bleaker. Access to assets and domestic violence are just some of the aspects that are missing.
ToI front page reporting, Friday 5th Nov, 2010.
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