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China's Strong Arm: Protecting Citizens and Assets Abroad

Shotgunner51

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China's Strong Arm: Protecting Citizens and Assets Abroad (Paperback) - Taylor & Francis
China's Strong Arm: Protecting Citizens and Assets Abroad (Adelphi Book 451) eBook: Jonas Parello-Plesner, Mathieu Duchâtel: Amazon.co.uk: Kindle Store

China's Strong Arm
Protecting Citizens and Assets Abroad
By Jonas Parello-Plesner, Mathieu Duchâtel

cover.jpg

China has long adhered to a principle of ‘non-interference’ in other states’ affairs. However, as more of its companies have been investing in projects overseas, and millions of its nationals are travelling abroad, Beijing is finding itself progressively involved in other countries – through the need to protect these interests and citizens.

During the turmoil of the Arab Spring in 2011, China was compelled to evacuate more than 35,000 Chinese workers and expatriates from Libya, and later it led the hunt for the killers of 13 Chinese sailors in the Golden Triangle region of the Mekong River. In 2015, Beijing sent a combat battalion to join the UN peacekeeping mission in South Sudan, where it has huge oil ventures. Its plans to construct a New Silk Road will mean new commercial endeavours to protect in Pakistan.

The shift in Chinese foreign policy towards a more interventionist approach in protecting nationals abroad has not been the result of grand strategy, but an adjustment to unfolding events. The large risk appetite of state-owned Chinese business is inexorably drawing the Chinese state into security hotspots, and as China becomes a great power its people are openly calling on their government to protect compatriots caught in crises overseas, including via military means.

While much attention has focused on Beijing’s increasingly assertive behaviour in disputed Asian seas, this book highlights another equally important area of change, with potentially far-reaching consequences for international security.

222257507.jpg


China's Foreign Direct Investment (US$ Billion)​

Ana Palacio; former Spanish foreign minister and former Senior Vice President of the World Bank:

‘The inherent complexity of China´s rise requires serious analysis of a range of issues. This detailed yet highly approachable volume unlocks an important but until now largely overlooked piece of this puzzle, Beijing’s mobilization in defense of its citizens and interests abroad. Through it a clearer picture of the direction and implications of China´s ascent materializes.’

Bill Emmott, author of Rivals: How the Power Struggle Between China, India and Japan Will Shape Our Next Decade; and former editor in chief, The Economist:

‘This book adds greatly to our understanding of China’s complex and rapidly evolving engagement with the outside world. It presents a convincing thesis: that force of circumstance will oblige China to become a global power, regardless of its stated non-interventionist policy.’

Shi Yinhong, Governmental advisor and Professor of International Relations,Renmin University of China:

‘A really significant and innovative book, demonstrating the risks that accompany China investing and ending workers abroad, and the necessity of a more interventionist policy to protect them.’
 
China's Strong Arm: Protecting Citizens and Assets Abroad (Paperback) - Taylor & Francis
China's Strong Arm: Protecting Citizens and Assets Abroad (Adelphi Book 451) eBook: Jonas Parello-Plesner, Mathieu Duchâtel: Amazon.co.uk: Kindle Store

China's Strong Arm
Protecting Citizens and Assets Abroad
By Jonas Parello-Plesner, Mathieu Duchâtel

View attachment 227312
China has long adhered to a principle of ‘non-interference’ in other states’ affairs. However, as more of its companies have been investing in projects overseas, and millions of its nationals are travelling abroad, Beijing is finding itself progressively involved in other countries – through the need to protect these interests and citizens.

During the turmoil of the Arab Spring in 2011, China was compelled to evacuate more than 35,000 Chinese workers and expatriates from Libya, and later it led the hunt for the killers of 13 Chinese sailors in the Golden Triangle region of the Mekong River. In 2015, Beijing sent a combat battalion to join the UN peacekeeping mission in South Sudan, where it has huge oil ventures. Its plans to construct a New Silk Road will mean new commercial endeavours to protect in Pakistan.

The shift in Chinese foreign policy towards a more interventionist approach in protecting nationals abroad has not been the result of grand strategy, but an adjustment to unfolding events. The large risk appetite of state-owned Chinese business is inexorably drawing the Chinese state into security hotspots, and as China becomes a great power its people are openly calling on their government to protect compatriots caught in crises overseas, including via military means.

While much attention has focused on Beijing’s increasingly assertive behaviour in disputed Asian seas, this book highlights another equally important area of change, with potentially far-reaching consequences for international security.

View attachment 227313

China's Foreign Direct Investment (US$ Billion)​

Ana Palacio; former Spanish foreign minister and former Senior Vice President of the World Bank:

‘The inherent complexity of China´s rise requires serious analysis of a range of issues. This detailed yet highly approachable volume unlocks an important but until now largely overlooked piece of this puzzle, Beijing’s mobilization in defense of its citizens and interests abroad. Through it a clearer picture of the direction and implications of China´s ascent materializes.’

Bill Emmott, author of Rivals: How the Power Struggle Between China, India and Japan Will Shape Our Next Decade; and former editor in chief, The Economist:

‘This book adds greatly to our understanding of China’s complex and rapidly evolving engagement with the outside world. It presents a convincing thesis: that force of circumstance will oblige China to become a global power, regardless of its stated non-interventionist policy.’

Shi Yinhong, Governmental advisor and Professor of International Relations,Renmin University of China:

‘A really significant and innovative book, demonstrating the risks that accompany China investing and ending workers abroad, and the necessity of a more interventionist policy to protect them.’
I remember when we were searching for that Malay plane, everyone laughed at us that we failed and said we suck. When we evacuated men and women from Yemen with military vessels, it's damaging to our ideology and seen as a provocative move.

Over the years I have found the perfect solution, let's place the PLA and all branches, under the US joint chief's command or NATO, then problem solved.
 
5 million reasons China may be drawn into conflicts - Chicago Tribune

5 million reasons China may be drawn into conflicts
By David Tweed, Bloomberg News Bloomberg
June 16th, 2015

2.jpg


With 5 million citizens to protect and billions of investment dollars at stake, China is rethinking its policy of keeping out of other countries' affairs.

China has long made loans conditional on contracts for its companies. In recent years it has sent an army of its nationals to work on pipelines, roads and dams in such hot spots as South Sudan, Yemen and Pakistan. Increasingly, it has to go across borders to protect or rescue them.

That makes it harder to stick to the policy espoused by then-premier Zhou Enlai in 1955 of not interfering in "internal" matters, something that has seen China decline to back international sanctions against Russia over Ukraine or the regime of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.

As President Xi Jinping's "Silk Road" program of trade routes gets under way, with infrastructure projects planned across Central Asia, the Indian Ocean and the Middle East to Europe, China's footprint abroad will expand from the $108 billion that firms invested abroad in 2013, up from less than $3 billion a decade earlier.

That is forcing China to take a more proactive approach to securing its interests and the safety of its people. With more engagement abroad there's a risk that China, an emerging power with a military to match, is sucked into conflicts and runs up against the United States when tensions are already flaring over China's disputed claims in the South China Sea.

"It is going to be a long, hard haul," said Kerry Brown, director of the University of Sydney's China Studies Centre. "You either have disruption as a new power rips up the rule book and causes bedlam or you've got a gradual transition where China is ceded more space but also expected to have more responsibility."

For more than a half century China stuck to Zhou's policy predicated on non-interference and respect for the sovereignty of others. The policy partly reflected a focus on domestic stability and economic development by governments that lacked the means or interest to play a more active role offshore. It also led President Barack Obama to last year describe China's leaders as "free riders" while others carried the global security burden.

China's greater involvement in projects around the world comes alongside its military expansion, as it seeks to project its power abroad and challenge decades of U.S. dominance of the global economic and strategic order. U.S. policymakers are debating whether to find ways to accommodate China's rise or to seek to contain it.

111china.png


As China's policy evolves its leaders are dipping their toe into areas once considered taboo, including the practice of dealing only with a country's leaders.

Xi met Myanmar opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi in Beijing on June 11 to lay the foundation for improved ties ahead of a November election in Myanmar, and there are reports China has hosted peace talks between the Afghan government and Taliban.

On June 9 China called for a cease-fire in Yemen, during a teleconference between China's ambassador Tian Qi and the United Nations envoy to Yemen, according to a posting on the website of China's embassy.

China sent naval vessels into Yemen's waters in April to rescue 629 Chinese citizens and 279 foreign nationals from escalating violence, the first time the People's Liberation Army helped other countries evacuate their citizens.

"Protection of nationals and interests abroad particularly with big new projects like the Silk Road in the works, is likely to be long-term very significant for China's evolution as a great power," said Jonas Parello-Plesner, a diplomat at the Danish embassy in Washington, D.C. "How China behaves in other parts of world will be a litmus test on its road to great power status."

Chinese investment abroad picked up from 2002 after then- Premier Jiang Zemin championed a "going out" policy, even as he repeated China would not meddle in the internal affairs of other countries.

Parello-Plesner and Mathieu Duchatel, who co-wrote "China's Strong Arm: Protecting Citizens and Assets Abroad" estimate there are five million workers offshore, based on research and interviews with officials, a figure that's about five times larger than that given by the Ministry of Commerce.

The official data reflect a lack of systemic consular registration and the absence of formal reporting by subcontractors sending workers abroad, according to Parello- Plesner and Duchatel, who estimate about 80 Chinese nationals were killed overseas between 2004 and 2014. Duchatel is a Beijing-based senior researcher at the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute.

"There are now several countries that - in terms of the number of Chinese citizens there — are 'too big to fail'," said Parello-Plesner. "The business-oriented 'going-out' strategy now has to be squared with broader strategic calculations."

China's foreign-policy evolution is becoming institutionalized. The concept of protecting nationals was added to the priority list at the 18th Communist Party Congress in 2012. The PLA's role in protecting China's interests abroad was enshrined in the 2013 Defense White Paper for the first time.

This year's Defense White paper went further, noting the "national security issues facing China encompass far more subjects, extend over a greater range, and cover a longer time span than at any time in the country's history."

"While China is not likely to publicly drop the non- interference principle what we'll see is increasing fluctuation in how it is applied — or not applied," said Alexander Sullivan, an associate fellow at the Center for a New American Security in Washington.

"The departures from this policy that we have seen thus far have been driven generally by commercial and resource interests that for one reason or another come under threat."

1.jpg


Sullivan said Sudan and South Sudan have been a testing ground for China policy. After the outbreak of civil war in South Sudan, China persuaded other members of the Security Council in May last year to extend the United Nations peacekeeping mandate to South Sudan, where China National Petroleum Corp. has oilfield investments. China has sent 700 troops to join that mission.

China's biggest overseas intervention was in Libya in 2011, when 35,000 workers were transported out at the start of the uprising against Moammar Gadhafi's regime, mostly by air and sea.

As the trade route projects get under way, Pakistan will pose one of the biggest risks to the security of Chinese workers. The first investment of China's $40 billion Silk Road infrastructure fund is $1.65 billion for the Karot dam on the Jhelum river in northern Pakistan.

Before announcing the project, Pakistan agreed to train a 10,000-strong security force to protect Chinese nationals building a $45 billion economic corridor from China to the deep- water port of Gwadar on the Arabian Sea. The route runs through Baluchistan, a thinly-populated Pakistan province where an insurgency has killed thousands.

"Chinese foreign policy is taking a bigger role in global problem solving," said Pang Zhongying, dean of the Institute of International Affairs at Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou. "The Silk Road is in essence bringing a lot of foreign policy changes but we still know little about its prospects."
 
Except war with U.S ... nothing really need to worry. World N.o2 economy + Top3 military force = Real Power.
 
Except war with U.S ... nothing really need to worry. World N.o2 economy + Top3 military force = Real Power.

Bro it is not a power play, just that as vested interests are increased on a global scale, China might be dragged into unwanted regional conflicts.

As US has no financial obligation to fund global security for Chinese investments/personnel, China will have to either finance/build her own security presence or work with other security forces already present in the invested regions.

Building Afghan police with ISI help, stationing troops in Sudan, recent progress on Djibouti, and Pakistan building a special division for CPEC, are good case studies as alternatives to using UN platform (which can be slow in response sometimes).
 
Bro it is not a power play, just that as vested interests are increased on a global scale, China might be dragged into unwanted regional conflicts.

As US has no financial obligation to fund global security for Chinese investments/personnel, China will have to either finance/build her own security presence or work with other security forces already present in the invested regions.

Building Afghan police with ISI help, stationing troops in Sudan, recent progress on Djibouti, and Pakistan building a special division for CPEC, are good case studies as alternatives to using UN platform (which can be slow in response sometimes).

Well, the US certainly has no obligation to fund global security for Chinese investments, but they have huge interest t to fund Boko Harum, ISIS and other Gladio B projects that would drag China into conflicts in countries where Chinese investments are big. ;)
 
Well, the US certainly has no obligation to fund global security for Chinese investments, but they have huge interest t to fund Boko Harum, ISIS and other Gladio B projects that would drag China into conflicts in countries where Chinese investments are big. ;)


Nigeria and Iraq (& Iran, Syria) are two major Chinese investments, then there are Boko Harum and ISIS respectively, that's quite some security challenges! I guess MSS (Ministry of State Security of PRC) got a lot of work to do.

There are a lot other investments/countries globally, so it might be useful to know more about say Gladio B projects. I have checked briefly on the web, do you have some more views on it? Say on the terror/radical groups, and their respective geography of activity?

Operation Gladio - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sibel Edmonds - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 
5 million reasons China may be drawn into conflicts - Chicago Tribune

5 million reasons China may be drawn into conflicts
By David Tweed, Bloomberg News Bloomberg
June 16th, 2015

View attachment 230598

With 5 million citizens to protect and billions of investment dollars at stake, China is rethinking its policy of keeping out of other countries' affairs.

China has long made loans conditional on contracts for its companies. In recent years it has sent an army of its nationals to work on pipelines, roads and dams in such hot spots as South Sudan, Yemen and Pakistan. Increasingly, it has to go across borders to protect or rescue them.

That makes it harder to stick to the policy espoused by then-premier Zhou Enlai in 1955 of not interfering in "internal" matters, something that has seen China decline to back international sanctions against Russia over Ukraine or the regime of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.

As President Xi Jinping's "Silk Road" program of trade routes gets under way, with infrastructure projects planned across Central Asia, the Indian Ocean and the Middle East to Europe, China's footprint abroad will expand from the $108 billion that firms invested abroad in 2013, up from less than $3 billion a decade earlier.

That is forcing China to take a more proactive approach to securing its interests and the safety of its people. With more engagement abroad there's a risk that China, an emerging power with a military to match, is sucked into conflicts and runs up against the United States when tensions are already flaring over China's disputed claims in the South China Sea.

"It is going to be a long, hard haul," said Kerry Brown, director of the University of Sydney's China Studies Centre. "You either have disruption as a new power rips up the rule book and causes bedlam or you've got a gradual transition where China is ceded more space but also expected to have more responsibility."

For more than a half century China stuck to Zhou's policy predicated on non-interference and respect for the sovereignty of others. The policy partly reflected a focus on domestic stability and economic development by governments that lacked the means or interest to play a more active role offshore. It also led President Barack Obama to last year describe China's leaders as "free riders" while others carried the global security burden.

China's greater involvement in projects around the world comes alongside its military expansion, as it seeks to project its power abroad and challenge decades of U.S. dominance of the global economic and strategic order. U.S. policymakers are debating whether to find ways to accommodate China's rise or to seek to contain it.

View attachment 230600

As China's policy evolves its leaders are dipping their toe into areas once considered taboo, including the practice of dealing only with a country's leaders.

Xi met Myanmar opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi in Beijing on June 11 to lay the foundation for improved ties ahead of a November election in Myanmar, and there are reports China has hosted peace talks between the Afghan government and Taliban.

On June 9 China called for a cease-fire in Yemen, during a teleconference between China's ambassador Tian Qi and the United Nations envoy to Yemen, according to a posting on the website of China's embassy.

China sent naval vessels into Yemen's waters in April to rescue 629 Chinese citizens and 279 foreign nationals from escalating violence, the first time the People's Liberation Army helped other countries evacuate their citizens.

"Protection of nationals and interests abroad particularly with big new projects like the Silk Road in the works, is likely to be long-term very significant for China's evolution as a great power," said Jonas Parello-Plesner, a diplomat at the Danish embassy in Washington, D.C. "How China behaves in other parts of world will be a litmus test on its road to great power status."

Chinese investment abroad picked up from 2002 after then- Premier Jiang Zemin championed a "going out" policy, even as he repeated China would not meddle in the internal affairs of other countries.

Parello-Plesner and Mathieu Duchatel, who co-wrote "China's Strong Arm: Protecting Citizens and Assets Abroad" estimate there are five million workers offshore, based on research and interviews with officials, a figure that's about five times larger than that given by the Ministry of Commerce.

The official data reflect a lack of systemic consular registration and the absence of formal reporting by subcontractors sending workers abroad, according to Parello- Plesner and Duchatel, who estimate about 80 Chinese nationals were killed overseas between 2004 and 2014. Duchatel is a Beijing-based senior researcher at the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute.

"There are now several countries that - in terms of the number of Chinese citizens there — are 'too big to fail'," said Parello-Plesner. "The business-oriented 'going-out' strategy now has to be squared with broader strategic calculations."

China's foreign-policy evolution is becoming institutionalized. The concept of protecting nationals was added to the priority list at the 18th Communist Party Congress in 2012. The PLA's role in protecting China's interests abroad was enshrined in the 2013 Defense White Paper for the first time.

This year's Defense White paper went further, noting the "national security issues facing China encompass far more subjects, extend over a greater range, and cover a longer time span than at any time in the country's history."

"While China is not likely to publicly drop the non- interference principle what we'll see is increasing fluctuation in how it is applied — or not applied," said Alexander Sullivan, an associate fellow at the Center for a New American Security in Washington.

"The departures from this policy that we have seen thus far have been driven generally by commercial and resource interests that for one reason or another come under threat."

View attachment 230599

Sullivan said Sudan and South Sudan have been a testing ground for China policy. After the outbreak of civil war in South Sudan, China persuaded other members of the Security Council in May last year to extend the United Nations peacekeeping mandate to South Sudan, where China National Petroleum Corp. has oilfield investments. China has sent 700 troops to join that mission.

China's biggest overseas intervention was in Libya in 2011, when 35,000 workers were transported out at the start of the uprising against Moammar Gadhafi's regime, mostly by air and sea.

As the trade route projects get under way, Pakistan will pose one of the biggest risks to the security of Chinese workers. The first investment of China's $40 billion Silk Road infrastructure fund is $1.65 billion for the Karot dam on the Jhelum river in northern Pakistan.

Before announcing the project, Pakistan agreed to train a 10,000-strong security force to protect Chinese nationals building a $45 billion economic corridor from China to the deep- water port of Gwadar on the Arabian Sea. The route runs through Baluchistan, a thinly-populated Pakistan province where an insurgency has killed thousands.

"Chinese foreign policy is taking a bigger role in global problem solving," said Pang Zhongying, dean of the Institute of International Affairs at Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou. "The Silk Road is in essence bringing a lot of foreign policy changes but we still know little about its prospects."

For China to really assume great power status it desires, it has to shed its victim mentality, as it has long grown past that point. It will also have to revise its foreign policy slogan of so called non intervention in others internal affairs/no foreign military bases.lol I short it will have to be more and more like the West/U.S it so like to demonize now and then.:) There is no short cut/other way than that. With great power comes great responsibility, seems China wants one without the other which is impossible in today's world. So it will have to first start with reforming its so called non interventionist policy.:smokin:
 
Nigeria and Iraq (& Iran, Syria) are two major Chinese investments, then there are Boko Harum and ISIS respectively, that's quite some security challenges! I guess MSS (Ministry of State Security of PRC) got a lot of work to do.

There are a lot other investments/countries globally, so it might be useful to know more about say Gladio B projects. I have checked briefly on the web, do you have some more views on it? Say on the terror/radical groups, and their respective geography of activity?

Operation Gladio - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sibel Edmonds - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia


Daniele Ganser, a former history professor at the Zurich University has done a lot of works on Gladio.


The intro is in Spanish, but the interview is in English

Sibel Edmonds is a great source on Gladio B because she was a direct victim of that organisation while and after working for the FBI. You will find a lot of videos on Youtube about her and her work.
 
For China to really assume great power status it desires, it has to shed its victim mentality, as it has long grown past that point. It will also have to revise its foreign policy slogan of so called non intervention in others internal affairs/no foreign military bases.lol I short it will have to be more and more like the West/U.S it so like to demonize now and then.:) There is no short cut/other way than that. With great power comes great responsibility, seems China wants one without the other which is impossible in today's world. So it will have to first start with reforming its so called non interventionist policy.:smokin:
Yeah, China need study the capability of how to intervene in others internal affairs by no sense from US, and study the capability of how to make contradictions and conflicts between powers from your Brits.:smokin:
 
Once you have knowledge of the Anglo-American Operation Gladio, you will pretty much understand much of post WWII history and all that happens since the end of the Cold War. Be it the terror attack on 9/11 with its ensuing War on Terror, the Arab Spring with the fall of Gaddafi, the terror groups with the many names, the Ukraine putsch and Charlie Hebdo; even the terror attacks in regions that one assumes are far away from NATO operations such as the Mumbai Attack or Xinjiang, they are all closely interwoven.

If you want to understand the world a bit deeper and also want an optimistic outlook for our common future, please, watch the interview with Dr. Daniele Ganser at The Mind Renewed radio!

BTW, I remember to have read from one Chinese forumer that China also needs a military-industrial-complex (MIC). Let Operation Gladio be a warning to all vigilant and patriotic China if you don't want your government to commit terror acts on you with your tax money. Operation Gladio is a child of the MIC.
 
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