Pakistan Defence
I see people endlessly discussing which country is better. China? Or India? Instead of stating my personal opinion, I find that it's best to give out the actual numbers to ascertain which country is better.
China GDP (PPP) per capita, 2012: $9,162 (93rd place)
India GDP (PPP) per capita, 2012: $3,830 (133rd place)
International Monetary Fund - World Economic Outlook Database April 2013
China life expectancy, 2011: 76 years (49th place)
India life expectancy, 2011: 65 years (118th place)
World Health Organization - Life expectancy: Life expectancy by country
China literacy rate, 2007: 92.2%
India literacy rate, 2011: 74%
The World Factbook - https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2103.html
China nominal GDP, 2012: $8.227 trillion (2nd place)
India nominal GDP, 2012: $1.824 trillion (10th place)
World Economic Outlook - World Economic Outlook Database October 2012
China mean years of schooling (of adults) in 2012: 7.5 years
India mean years of schooling (of adults) in 2012: 4.4 years
UNDP - International Human Development Indicators - UNDP
China research and development spending, 2012: $296.8 billion (2nd place)
India research and development spending, 2011: $36.1 billion (8th place)
Battelle - Media | Press Releases | Battelle R&D Magazine Annual Global Funding Forecast Predicts R&D Spending Growth will Continue While Globalization Accelerates | Battelle
China all-time Olympic Games medal count: 517 medals
India all-time Olympic Games medal count: 26 medals
Olympic - Olympic Games | Winter Summer Past and Future Olympics
China consumer market, 2012: $3 trillion (3rd place)
India consumer market, 2012: $1.1 trillion (10th place)
World Bank - Household final consumption expenditure, etc. (% of GDP) | Data | Table
China number of billionaires, 2012: 161 (2nd place)
India number of billionaires, 2012: 55 (5th place)
Forbes - The World's Billionaires List - Forbes
China net government debt as % of GDP, 2012: 21.3%
India net government debt as % of GDP, 2012: 66.39%
International Monetary Fund - World Economic Outlook Database April 2013
China exports, 2012: $2.489 trillion (1st place)
India exports, 2012: $309.1 billion (17th place)
World Factbook - https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2078rank.html
China current account balance, 2012: $213.8 billion (2nd place)
India current account balance, 2012: $-80.15 billion (deficit; 2nd last place)
World Factbook - https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2187rank.html
China motor vehicle production, 2012: 19,271,808 vehicles (1st place)
India motor vehicle production, 2012: 4,145,194 vehicles (6th place)
OICA - OICA » Production Statistics
China steel production, 2012: 716.5 million tonnes (1st place)
India steel production, 2012: 76.7 million tonnes (4th place)
World Steel Association - http://www.worldsteel.org/dms/internetDocumentList/press-release-downloads/2012/2012-statistics-table/document/2012%20statistics%20table.pdf
China patent applications, 2011: 435,608 (1st place)
India patent applications, 2011: 15,717 (10th place)
China patents granted, 2011: 172,113 (2nd place)
India patents granted, 2011: 5,168 (24th place)
World Intellectual Property Organization - Statistics on Patents
China renewable electricity production, 2011: 797.4 TW·h/year (1st place)
India renewable electricity production, 2011: 162 TW·h/year (6th place)
U.S. Energy Information Administration - International Energy Statistics
China international tourist arrivals, 2012: 57.6 million tourists (3rd place)
India international tourist arrivals, 2012: 5.649 million tourists (n/a place)
China international tourism receipts, 2012: $50.028 billion (4th place; excluding Macau and Hong Kong)
India international tourism receipts, 2012: $17.971 billion (n/a place)
China international tourism expenditure, 2012: $102.0 billion (1st place)
India international tourism expenditure, 2012: $14.0 billion (n/a place)
UN World Tourism Organization - http://dtxtq4w60xqpw.cloudfront.net/sites/all/files/pdf/unwto_highlights13_en_hr_0.pdf
EDIT
China expressway network, 2013: 95,600 km (1st place)
India expressway network, 2009: 200 km (55th place)
World Factbook - https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2085.html
China rail transport network size, 2012: 98,000 km (2nd place)
India rail transport network size, 2011: 63,974 km (4th place)
World Factbook - https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
China total length of rapid transit systems, 2013: 9760 km (1st place)
India total length of rapid transit systems, 2013: 495 km (n/a place)
International Railway Association - http://www.uic.org/IMG/pdf/20130701_high_speed_lines_in_the_world.pdf
China infant mortality rate, 2013: 15.2 per 1,000 live births
India infant mortality rate, 2013: 44.6 per 1,000 live births
World Factbook - https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2091.html
China GDP (PPP) per capita, 2012: $9,162 (93rd place)
India GDP (PPP) per capita, 2012: $3,830 (133rd place)
International Monetary Fund - World Economic Outlook Database April 2013
China life expectancy, 2011: 76 years (49th place)
India life expectancy, 2011: 65 years (118th place)
World Health Organization - Life expectancy: Life expectancy by country
China literacy rate, 2007: 92.2%
India literacy rate, 2011: 74%
The World Factbook - https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2103.html
China nominal GDP, 2012: $8.227 trillion (2nd place)
India nominal GDP, 2012: $1.824 trillion (10th place)
World Economic Outlook - World Economic Outlook Database October 2012
China mean years of schooling (of adults) in 2012: 7.5 years
India mean years of schooling (of adults) in 2012: 4.4 years
UNDP - International Human Development Indicators - UNDP
China research and development spending, 2012: $296.8 billion (2nd place)
India research and development spending, 2011: $36.1 billion (8th place)
Battelle - Media | Press Releases | Battelle R&D Magazine Annual Global Funding Forecast Predicts R&D Spending Growth will Continue While Globalization Accelerates | Battelle
China all-time Olympic Games medal count: 517 medals
India all-time Olympic Games medal count: 26 medals
Olympic - Olympic Games | Winter Summer Past and Future Olympics
China consumer market, 2012: $3 trillion (3rd place)
India consumer market, 2012: $1.1 trillion (10th place)
World Bank - Household final consumption expenditure, etc. (% of GDP) | Data | Table
China number of billionaires, 2012: 161 (2nd place)
India number of billionaires, 2012: 55 (5th place)
Forbes - The World's Billionaires List - Forbes
China net government debt as % of GDP, 2012: 21.3%
India net government debt as % of GDP, 2012: 66.39%
International Monetary Fund - World Economic Outlook Database April 2013
China exports, 2012: $2.489 trillion (1st place)
India exports, 2012: $309.1 billion (17th place)
World Factbook - https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2078rank.html
China current account balance, 2012: $213.8 billion (2nd place)
India current account balance, 2012: $-80.15 billion (deficit; 2nd last place)
World Factbook - https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2187rank.html
China motor vehicle production, 2012: 19,271,808 vehicles (1st place)
India motor vehicle production, 2012: 4,145,194 vehicles (6th place)
OICA - OICA » Production Statistics
China steel production, 2012: 716.5 million tonnes (1st place)
India steel production, 2012: 76.7 million tonnes (4th place)
World Steel Association - http://www.worldsteel.org/dms/internetDocumentList/press-release-downloads/2012/2012-statistics-table/document/2012%20statistics%20table.pdf
China patent applications, 2011: 435,608 (1st place)
India patent applications, 2011: 15,717 (10th place)
China patents granted, 2011: 172,113 (2nd place)
India patents granted, 2011: 5,168 (24th place)
World Intellectual Property Organization - Statistics on Patents
China renewable electricity production, 2011: 797.4 TW·h/year (1st place)
India renewable electricity production, 2011: 162 TW·h/year (6th place)
U.S. Energy Information Administration - International Energy Statistics
China international tourist arrivals, 2012: 57.6 million tourists (3rd place)
India international tourist arrivals, 2012: 5.649 million tourists (n/a place)
China international tourism receipts, 2012: $50.028 billion (4th place; excluding Macau and Hong Kong)
India international tourism receipts, 2012: $17.971 billion (n/a place)
China international tourism expenditure, 2012: $102.0 billion (1st place)
India international tourism expenditure, 2012: $14.0 billion (n/a place)
UN World Tourism Organization - http://dtxtq4w60xqpw.cloudfront.net/sites/all/files/pdf/unwto_highlights13_en_hr_0.pdf
EDIT
China expressway network, 2013: 95,600 km (1st place)
India expressway network, 2009: 200 km (55th place)
World Factbook - https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2085.html
China rail transport network size, 2012: 98,000 km (2nd place)
India rail transport network size, 2011: 63,974 km (4th place)
World Factbook - https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html
China total length of rapid transit systems, 2013: 9760 km (1st place)
India total length of rapid transit systems, 2013: 495 km (n/a place)
International Railway Association - http://www.uic.org/IMG/pdf/20130701_high_speed_lines_in_the_world.pdf
China infant mortality rate, 2013: 15.2 per 1,000 live births
India infant mortality rate, 2013: 44.6 per 1,000 live births
World Factbook - https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2091.html